During the ancient Roman period, there was a famous educator and orator called Quintlian. He is a pioneer in the history of education who vigorously developed and perfected educational methods and ideas.
He believed that the purpose of education was to produce people who were kind and eloquent. Innate talent is only a possibility of personal development, and the development of talent depends on continuous practice and education. However, the role of education is not absolute, education should be based on the natural nature of human beings, and educators should respect the differences in personality and age of the educated.
An orator must be a good person, and if an orator does not defend justice but sin, then eloquence itself becomes a harmful thing, so Quintilian sees virtue as the first quality of an eloquent. School education is preferable to family education, and special attention should be paid to pre-school education.
In terms of the organizational form of teaching, he put forward the idea of class teaching, advocating that students should be divided into classes, and at the same time, the teacher would teach the whole class, rather than teaching individually, which was the germ of the class teaching system.
In terms of teaching methods, he advocates the method of inspiration and question-answering, and teachers should be good at answering students' questions and asking questions to those who do not ask questions.
In terms of teaching principles, he believes that the depth and weight of the knowledge imparted by teachers should be adapted to children's nature and their receptivity, that is, the principle of capacity; He also proposed the teaching principle of alternating study and rest to prevent students from becoming overtired, that is, the principle of combining work and rest.
For the understanding of teachers, Kun Tiliang attaches great importance to the role of teachers, and he believes that teachers are very important to do a good job in education, so teachers should have comprehensive qualities. First, teachers should have both ability and integrity; Second, teachers should be lenient and strict with students; Third, teachers should not be stingy with praise or abuse punishment; Fourth, teachers should know the art of teaching, and teaching should be concise, easy to understand, and easy to understand. Fifth, teachers should pay attention to the individual differences of children and teach them according to their aptitude.
As the most important educator in the ancient Roman period, and the first pedagogical theorist and pedagogical expert, he made pedagogy a relatively independent field of study, and his masterpiece "Principles of Eloquence" is a summary of his teaching work for more than 20 years, and it is also a collection of educational experience in ancient Greece and Rome. It has had a profound impact on the development of modern pedagogy.