In 1983, China became one of the signatories to the Antarctic expedition, and in order to play an important role in the international conference, Guo Kun, Sima Jun and Song Daqiao made full preparations.
However, towards the end of the meeting, they were kicked out of the venue under the guise of absurd "coffee". Although they did not glance at the room, they could imagine the other delegates talking and laughing.
Guo Kun and others felt humiliated in their hearts, but they were determined to let the Chinese scientific expedition team enter the Antarctic in time and no longer suffer such insults. So, why are they being kicked out of the boardroom?
How did China manage to be ashamed? Let's do it.
Xiangyanghong No. 10"with the Navy"j121"After a long period of preparation, the ship was loaded with daily necessities and 591 crew members, and set sail from the Huangpu River Pier in Shanghai to the South Pole.
This is the first time that China has carried out a scientific expedition to Antarctica, ** autographed inscription:"Contribute to the peaceful use of Antarctica by mankind. "People were excited about the news, and Guo Kun stood on the side of the ship, looking at the vast sea, with mixed feelings.
After all, before that, China suffered many humiliations, which were ignored by many. As early as 1908, Britain put forward a territorial claim to Antarctica, which led to the land being looted by various countries, and the various rare resources contained in it were coveted by many countries.
Although the 1959 Antarctic Treaty stipulates that Antarctica belongs to all mankind, China's accession to the Antarctic Treaty has gone through setbacks. After many applications, it was not until 1983, with the approval of the United Nations, that China officially became a party to the Antarctic Treaty.
Participation in treaty consultations does not mean that you will be treated fairly. Guo Kun and others were very excited after receiving the notice of the meeting, and they worked all night to prepare materials for three full months before they were ready to go to the meeting.
Because China has never conducted a formal survey of Antarctica before this, and there are relatively few domestic experts in mineral soils, this conference is undoubtedly a major breakthrough in China's Antarctic research and the beginning of China's foothold in Antarctica.
However, when they arrived at the venue, they were taken aback. They carried a large amount of information, but only received a process notice, which was arranged in a marginal position, while the tables of ** countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States were full of thick materials.
Guo Kun understands that they were treated with contempt in the first place. Although he was a little angry in his heart, for the sake of the development of China's Antarctic cause and the maintenance of the dignity of the country, he took the initiative to find the organizers and asked them to provide the information he deserved.
However, the organizers' answer was that China was not an Entente country and was not qualified to distribute the materials. Guo Kun was frustrated, and could only rely on the information he had previously collected and actively participate in the discussion.
He thought that even if he had no information, he would be able to get news of Antarctica from other people, but at the end of the meeting, the person presiding over the meeting invited the Chinese delegation out of the conference room and let them drink coffee outside.
Guo Kun looked at the closed door of the conference room and felt very humiliated in his heart. He knew in his heart that such treatment was not in line with China's international status, but they invited the Chinese delegation out of the conference room for only one reason, that is, China had never conducted an expedition in Antarctica, so they believed that China was only a negotiator, not an entente country, and had no right to express its opinion.
This meeting made Guo Kun deeply aware of the gap between China and other countries, and immediately after returning to China, he submitted an application to ** for a scientific expedition to Antarctica. The scientific expedition has a long way to go and cannot be completed in a short period of time, and Guo Kun, Sima Jun, and Luo Ruyu, director of the State Oceanic Administration, are all very anxious.
On the last day of the year, Luo Ruyu personally found the commander of the Navy, Yuan *** Although the State Oceanic Administration belongs to the State Science and Technology Commission, it was once managed by the Navy before, and many jobs are inseparable, so Luo Ruyu is also very worried about the work of the Navy.
Luo Ruyu is nearly seventy years old, and as soon as she walked into the office, she went straight to the point, hoping that China could conduct the first scientific expedition to Antarctica. Although many countries have conducted expeditions and established scientific research stations in Antarctica, China has not been able to conduct systematic expeditions and establish scientific research stations, so it can only participate in the meeting and cannot vote.
Luo Ruyu put down the work at hand and dragged her elderly body to find *** to ask for the support of the navy. ** Immediately ordered, stating that this is the duty of the Navy, which is of great significance to our country, and it is important to ensure that nothing goes wrong.
Under the leadership of ***, the relevant work is in full swing. Because of the long journey to Antarctica, which requires crossing the Pacific Ocean and into the Atlantic, crossing 98 latitudes, this is a huge challenge for a navy that has never been trained for such long-range navigation.
However, if successful, it will be an excellent opportunity for the rapid development of New China. Therefore, ** stressed over and over again to the Navy personnel that the mission "must be successful, not failing."
After many discussions and comparisons, in July 1984, the Military Commission officially approved the North Sea Fleet of the Chinese Navy"j121"The lifeboat and the Xiangyanghong 10 research ship formed the Chinese expedition formation to Antarctica. "
j121"The lifeboat is an advanced domestic ocean-going salvage rescue ship, but despite this, it was returned to the factory for a complete overhaul under the instructions of the chief before it was put into service.
Xiangyanghong 10 was the first 10,000-ton ocean-going scientific research ship delivered to the State Oceanic Administration by Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard in 1978, and played an important role in scientific research such as the first launch of a launch vehicle and a synchronous communication satellite.
On the morning of November 20, 519 experts, engineers and technicians, naval officers and other staff members boarded the scientific research fleet one after another amid the cheers of the people. Guo Kun stood on the side of the boat, looking at the bustling crowd, and there was only one thought in his heart: this expedition must"A shame before the snow"to establish a Chinese research station in Antarctica.
In order to achieve this goal, they are ready to sacrifice at any time, many of them have written suicide notes before departure, and everyone knows about the risks they will face, but they still do not hesitate.
Amid the cheers of the people, the scientific research fleet officially set off from the Waigaoqiao Wharf of Shanghai Port.
It was a challenging and difficult voyage. At first, they encountered bad weather at the Wusongkou anchorage outside the mouth of the Yangtze River, and the strong typhoon forced them to change course and enter the Pacific Ocean from the Baodao waterway to avoid the typhoon.
Although they did not directly enter the center of the typhoon, they still suffered from the huge wind speed as they passed. The two huge ships tossed up and down in the waves, and many of the experienced sailors even suffered from seasickness, but they stuck to their posts from beginning to end without complaining.
After experiencing numerous unexpected situations and hardships, such as the westerly wind belt and the Yinyang Pass, they finally reached the surface of King George Island in Antarctica on December 26.
Standing in front of the Antarctic Sea, known as the "Wind Pole of the World", they couldn't help but shed tears of excitement. I am afraid that only they can truly understand the hardships along the way.
In 1984, the fleet rushed to the South Pole. Summer in Antarctica is short, only in January and February. In order to make the most of this time, the staff urgently began the inspection work, requiring that all the work be completed by the end of February.
Once March has passed, the sea will freeze, and Xiangyanghong 10, which has no ice-breaking ability, will face the risk of being encircled and frozen. As a result, the detachments and groups began their respective tasks in accordance with the division of labor.
Specialists in building houses are busy looking for suitable sites, officers and sailors of the Navy are busy sorting out the ship's equipment, and specialists in other fields are working on the study of various rare resources in Antarctica.
Two days later, the expedition team found a flat piece of land in an open field in the southern part of the island. Not only is the area open, but there are also three small freshwater lakes that guarantee the best freshwater resources.
In addition, scientific research stations in Brazil, Argentina and other countries have also been established in this vicinity, which is convenient for China's scientific research personnel to communicate with other countries. Once you've decided on an address, it's time to start building your website.
In order to race against time, the crew of the formation rotated to their posts almost 24 hours a day, and everyone could only rest for an average of three or four hours a day.
In the cold Antarctica, they poured the miracle of the Great Wall Station with their sweat. In just 45 days, China's first scientific research station in Antarctica was officially completed, which is several times faster than that of other countries.
On February 20, the day of the inauguration of the Great Wall Station, China's national anthem was played on the sea of King George Island, and the five-star red flag slowly rose in the white ice and snow of Antarctica.
This is the 18th country to establish a scientific research station in Antarctica, and it is also the fastest scientific research station, which has written a stroke in the history of China that has never visited Antarctica before.
After the Antarctic stabilized, the research team conducted a systematic investigation of 23 projects in Antarctica, including marine biology, geology, and meteorology, and made 14 major breakthroughs during the period.
On February 27, after completing the aftermath work, the work of the scientific expedition team was officially over, and they took the "J121" search and rescue ship and Xiangyanghong 10 to bid farewell to the scientific research stations of other countries and began to return.
After a long journey of nearly two months, the two ships finally returned to Shanghai Gaoqiao Pier. Although the sky was drizzling, the people on the pier were surging and people cheered for their victory.
Red banners were hung all over the streets and alleys, and Vice Premier Wan Li and others took a group photo with naval officers and soldiers, which is undoubtedly a major breakthrough in China's Antarctic cause and the pride of our people across the country.
Zhongnanhai Huairentang held a grand welcome ceremony for these returning heroes and rewarded them to varying degrees. In 1985, after the fruitful results of the Antarctic expedition, China officially became a consultative party to the Antarctic Treaty and had the right to participate in voting on major issues.
Since 1984, we have sent 103 people to conduct 25 Antarctic expeditions and 6 Arctic expeditions, which not only allow us to have a deeper understanding of some rare resources, but also make great contributions to the world.