Every year after winter, the king of fruits is held to death by citrus. Traditionally, mandarin oranges, mandarins, grapefruits, and sugar oranges are collectively referred to as citrus.
In citrus planting, many growers can find that every time the citrus matures, the citrus will be "blessed", which is manifested as the citrus skin is obviously uneven, pitted, and even has a feeling of bulging and foaming. In particular, products such as sugar oranges and Nanfeng mandarins are common floating fruits, and in Guangxi, they are called "pineapple fruits" by farmers. Even if consumers buy it at a low price, when they eat it, the inside of the floating fruit will have a dry, astringent, bran, and rough taste. What's going on here? What causes citrus to produce puffy fruit? And how can we prevent it?
There are 5 main reasons for the production of puffy fruit.
First of all, it has to do with the choice of breed and the location of the species. In general, citrus varieties with thick peel and smaller fruit size are less likely to have floating skin during the early ripening period, and even if they do, the problem is mild. Citrus varieties with late ripening period, soft and thin peel, and large fruit size have a high probability of floating skin and serious problems. For example, varieties such as sugar oranges, mandarins, ignorant fire, and ponkan are citrus varieties that are prone to floating skin, while oranges, grapefruits, and lemons have fewer occurrences, and even if they occur, they are mild. In addition, the position of the diseased floating peel fruit in fruits and vegetables has characteristics, especially the particularly upright and thick top branches, the greater the possibility of producing floating peel fruit, so control the treetop not too thick, appropriately let the tree shape open, and do not form a "cupola" tree shape.
Secondly, it is the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer that leads to the floating peel fruit. The growth of citrus requires the blessing of fertilizer, but the application of excessive nitrogen fertilizer, or the application of nitrogen fertilizer too late, can affect the growth, expansion, and even coloring of citrus. There will be uneven coloring of citrus fruits, greedy green and late ripening. Therefore, the fruit-strengthening fertilizer of citrus can be applied as early as possible, so that the fruit trees can be successfully expanded and ripened. If you don't add fruit-strengthening fertilizer until August, it is easy for the citrus tree to accumulate excess nitrogen and induce floating bark.
Again, calcium is an important factor in determining the hardness of citrus fruits, the calcium content is sufficient, the hardness of the fruit will be better, if the calcium content is insufficient, then the peel cells will appear loose and have no toughness, the hardness and toughness become poor, the ability to resist stress and disease is reduced, and when it reaches the maturity stage, it is easy to produce floating skin. Similarly, citrus with boron deficiency will also have calcium deficiency after a long time, and there is a strong complementarity between boron and calcium.
Fourth, between the exocarp and the flesh of citrus, there is a layer of white skin, the term is orange white. There is a close correlation between the occurrence of floating peels, the growth of brown orange white blood cells and aging. In the early stage of the occurrence of the floating skin, rainfall and other factors will wet the peel, and then the oily cells will absorb water and expand and expand, while the white skin tissue is not resistant to pressure, and physical cracking will occur, which will cause the floating skin. During the fruit coloring stage, there was a lot of rainfall, high temperature and humidity, and the floating skin was easy to occur. During the fruit expansion period, when encountering high temperatures and droughts, floating bark is also prone to occur in sloping orchards that lack irrigation systems.
Finally, the use of chemical hormones is associated with the management of floating peels and citrus. In order to promote the differentiation of flower buds, improve the flowering and fruit setting rate and flower and fruit preservation rate, many farmers use growth regulators such as cytogen, ethylene and gibberellin in the growth process of citrus.
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