Methods and steps for observing subsidence at subsidence observation points.
Settlement observation is an important measurement work in the construction process of buildings, which can detect the uneven settlement and horizontal displacement of buildings in time, provide a basis for taking corresponding measures, and avoid structural damage caused by excessive settlement. So, how do you observe subsidence? Let's take a closer look.
1. Set up settlement observation points.
In the process of building construction, it is the first step to observe settlement by selecting an appropriate location to set up a settlement observation point. These observations should be representative and reflect the overall settlement of the building.
In general, observation points should be set up at the four corners of the building, at large corners and every 10-15 meters along the exterior walls, and should be evenly distributed. In addition, for buildings with different structural forms and geological conditions, the location and number of observation points should also be different.
Second, the setting of the level base point.
The horizontal base point is the reference point for settlement observation, and its setting should be stable and reliable, and it is not easy to be destroyed. In general, leveling points can be set on stable buildings or rock formations, and should be calibrated regularly to ensure their accuracy.
3. Steps for subsidence observation.
1.Establish a level network.
According to the characteristics and requirements of the project, establish an appropriate level network, and determine the route and period of settlement observation. The level should include a working base point and a settlement observation point, which can be selected on a stable building or in a rock formation, so that it can be calibrated at regular intervals.
2.Subsidence observations.
Settlement observations are carried out according to the set period, and the relative elevation changes of each settlement observation point are accurately measured using a level. In the process of settlement observation, the following points should be noted:
1) The construction progress, load increase and other factors that may affect the settlement should be recorded during each observation;
2) In the process of measurement, it is necessary to maintain the stability of the leveling instrument and avoid vibration and direct sunlight;
3) For each observation, the data should be sorted out and summarized in time for data analysis and processing.
3.Data processing and analysis.
The data of each observation were collated and summarized, and the settlement amount and settlement rate of each observation point were calculated. At the same time, statistical analysis should be carried out on the data, and settlement curves and statistical charts should be drawn in order to better understand the settlement laws and trends of buildings. According to the analysis results, corresponding measures can be taken to strengthen the building or adjust the construction plan to ensure the safe use of the building.
In short, through the above steps and methods for settlement observation, the uneven settlement and horizontal displacement of the building can be found in time, and the corresponding measures can be provided. At the same time, the accuracy and reliability of settlement observation are also directly related to the safe use of buildings and the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, in practice, we should strictly follow the relevant norms and standards for settlement observation to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data.