Monk Grinqin, a Horqin Mongolian nobleman, is the twenty-sixth grandson of Genghis Khan's younger brother. The eleventh generation of the king of Zasakdoro County, the last trump card in the hands of Xianfeng and Cixi. captured Lin Fengxiang and Li Kaifang of the Northern Expeditionary Army of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and the British devils who fought in Dagukou and Bali Bridge in the Second Opium War. In 1865, he pursued the cavalry of the Twist Army in Caozhou, Shandong, and was seriously injured in the Battle of Gaolouzhai and fell off his horse, and was hacked to death by a small soldier Zhang Pifang on the wheat ridge.
The Battle of Gaolouzhai was the last cavalry battle in Chinese history. The battle ended with the cavalry of the Twist Army, who was born in Anhui and Henan, beheading the monk Greenqin, and the Han cavalry completely defeated the Manchu and Mongolian cavalry and won the final victory, ending the struggle between the agricultural settlers and the nomadic horse herds for thousands of years. Before Monk Greenqin's death, although the Manchu and Mongolian military forces of the Qing Dynasty pulled their hips in various ways, after all, the results of the war could still be faked, but the head of the coach fell to the ground, and it couldn't be blown down anyway.
The death of Monk Greenqin, the military turning point is still not the most fatal, the political signal is really the life of the Qing **, Monk Greenqin is not dead, and the Manchurian cavalry under his command can still guard the Beijing Division. It can also balance the Han armed forces represented by the Hunan army and the Huai army in the south, and the death of Seng Lingqin marks the complete collapse of the last Manchu and Mongolian main force in the hands of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and the Manchu rulers no longer have any power to control the political power of the Han people. I can only rely on various wrist operations to survive.
Because many people in the Qing Dynasty, including the monks themselves, thought that the monk army had beaten Li Hongzhang of Zeng Guofan. The monk opened fire on the Hunan army before the accident, forced the Hunan army out of northern Anhui, and dismissed Tang Xunfang. If the monk does not die, he will continue to persecute the Xianghuai army, and the queen mother will also think that she really has the ability to destroy the Xianghuai army. It is very likely that the monk forced Zeng Zuoli to a dead end, and finally a decisive battle between the Xianghuai army and the Eight Banners broke out, and the Qing Dynasty perished ahead of schedule. Therefore, the death of the monk extended the life of the Qing Dynasty for fifty years.
Monk Greenqin's army was the last fighting force in the hands of the Manchus that was not directly under the control of the Han Chinese, and his death meant that the Manchus could only rely on the Han army. The death of Monk Lingqin proves that the Manmeng Eight Banners, which Zeng Guofan was very afraid of, are already local chickens and dogs, and they are not worth mentioning. Zeng Guofan had a pathological fear of the Eight Banners, which may have been the ideological seal of Zeng Guofan on a large scale in the south when the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs, so he resolutely refused when his subordinates tried to persuade him to support the army and stand on his own after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was eliminated, and one of the very important reasons was the fear of the Eight Banners Cavalry.
And the Twist Army wiped out the last elite army directly under the Manchu Qing Dynasty, which also illustrates the rise of the Han armed forces. There is a detail that is: after the Manchus entered the customs and seized power, they have spared no effort to exclude the Han and prevent the Han, such as prohibiting the Han people from practicing martial arts, and not allowing the Han people to come into contact with advanced firearms, such as in the 54th year of Kangxi, Jin Guozheng, the chief soldier of Taiyuan, Shanxi, requested to make a child and mother cannon, which was clearly rejected by Kangxi - "The child and mother cannon are firearms of the Eight Banners, and they are made by all provinces, and they are absolutely impossible." Even in the Daoguang era, the control of the sub-mother cannon was still very strict. For the Zambalak musket that appeared in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, it was only allowed to be used by the Eight Banners, and the Green Battalion was forbidden to possess it. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, when Zhu Di conquered Mongolia in the north, his army was equipped with a large number of firearms and played an important role in the battle;
The Twist Army is generally only equipped with cold weapons, no artillery and guns, and the equipment is much more backward than the Ming Dynasty army hundreds of years ago. Zeng Guofan later commented that one of the characteristics of the Twist army was that it had "no firearms", but the cavalry of Seng Lingqin was equipped with a lot of advanced Western muskets, and on the night when he was surrounded by the Twist army, he used foreign guns to open the way, desperately rushed out of the encirclement, and almost ran away. In the end, he fell off his horse and was hacked to death by Zhang Pifang, a small soldier of the Twisting Army, in the field.
The result of this battle made the other Han generals aware of the weakness of the Manchus: the Han people could win the battle against the Manchu and Mongolian Eight Banners, which were much better equipped than themselves, and from then on, the Han people were no longer afraid of the Manchu and Mongolian Eight Banners. For example, Duan Qirui, who followed Yuan Shikai to train the new army in his early years, and later Cixi died, and Yuan Shikai was driven back to his hometown by Zaifeng. As Yuan Shikai's confidant, Duan Qirui was also marginalized, and was reappointed from the command of the third town of the army to the deputy commander of the Han army with the yellow flag. Duan Qirui openly expressed his contempt for the Eight Banners Army, did not take office, and was in a stalemate for more than a year, and finally released him as the governor of Jiangbei.
After the defeat of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the Twist Army, the Manchus did not want to regain military power, but the problem was that the Twist Army and the Eight Banners Army had been fighting in the north for many years, and they had polished out the Eight Banners soldiers who could fight like a fine grinding, and without their own basic soldiers, the Manchus could not organize an armed force that could deter the Han people, just as Li Hongzhang wrote to a friend when he was twisting: "Ren Zhu (the fierce general of the Twist Army) has been in power for ten years, has 10,000 horses, and the three eastern provinces and Mongolian horsemen have all been exhausted, and he is really a first-class cavalry general today." Liu Sanxing (Liu Mingchuan) and Bao Chunting (Bao Chao) are all afraid of its edge. ”。
In the later period, the Manchus tried to seize power from the command system, and in 1906 they established the Guizhou Academy, which only accepted the children of the Manchu and Mongolian princes, and the purpose was to educate students in military books. The purpose is to wait for this group of powerful children to graduate and go down to the new army to hold middle and senior positions, so that they can control the military power in their own hands, as a result, the news came out, aroused widespread dissatisfaction among the Han people, the original Qing court has abolished the imperial examination, a large number of gentry class people have lost the way to advance, many people joined the army, hoping to find a way to promote, but the Manchu people also blocked this road, these people were therefore angry with the imperial court, and later the Xinhai Revolution This group of people participated in it, which also illustrates, Your own basic armed forces are gone, and if you want to rule purely by power, you can only manage it for a while, like the Empress Dowager Cixi who is proficient in the art of power, and she fights between the various Han army bosses, divides each other, and can rule for a period of time, until she and the Han people who have the idea of loyalty to the monarch die, and the regent Zaifeng behind can't hold back the field, and it will be over in just 3 years.
After the fall of the Seng Lingqin Division, the attitude of the Han people towards the Qing court also underwent subtle changes: when Zeng Guofan organized a regimental training to fight with the Taiping army, he was afraid of the suspicion of the Manchus, so he took the initiative to invite the Manchu Taqibu to his army as a senior general, and wrote on the reverse side of the memo to the court how he tortured and killed his Han people: "Kill them to sacrifice the fallen soldiers in the trench head, and the brave still gnash their teeth in pain and fight for their flesh", and each battalion captured one hundred and thirty-four rebel bandits, and only gave them a head not enough to hate, ordered to gouge out the eyes of Ling Chi", and captured 221 old thieves alive. Capture a thief in every life, dissect the intestines, peel the bark and hang the trees, and stone stones, and everyone who sees them is dignified." It is to skin people again, and to eat human flesh, and when Ling Chi was in the Taiping Army, he had to cut meat while pouring salt water. repeatedly reported these ** disgusting things in the recital, and the subtext was "Master Manchuria, for the sake of your alien country, I even eat my own meat of the same race, you have to believe that I have no heart." ”
After Seng Lingqin was completely annihilated by the Twist Army, Zeng Guofan and his Hunan army system found that the Manmeng Eight Banners were already silver-like pewter spearheads, and there was a horse stabbing case later, and Ma Xinyi, who was sent by Cixi to the south of the Yangtze River to dig the corner of the Hunan army, was killed. When Li Hongzhang exterminated the Twist Army, in the last battle of the Tuxiao River, Zhang Zongyu, the leader of the Twist Army, led the remnants to cross the Tuxiao River and the road was unknown, Li Hongzhang did not like Zeng Guofan, and the Quartet must catch Zhang Zongyu, and the army could not search for it to report to the imperial court that Zhang Zongyu had drowned in the river, and it ended hastily, in fact, Zhang Zongyu had been teaching for a living in rural Shandong after escaping, until he died after the end of the Sino-Japanese War in 1896.
And Li Hongzhang didn't care about Zhang Pifang, who killed Monk Lingqin in the army, if it weren't for Zhang Pifang's own drunken nonsense and confessing himself, nothing would have happened. Li Hongzhang did not deliberately kill the Twist Army to please the Manchus, and in the later stage of the Twist, he publicly publicized that "those who have been in the Twist Army for less than a year are called bandits, and those who have been in the Twist Army for more than a year are anti-thieves", and as a result, the Twist Army that was caught all said that they were forced to join, except for a few leaders, Li Hongzhang released all these people (of course, most of the Twist Army are Huaixi people, and the basic team of Zhu Yuanzhang's start was also from the Huaixi region, and Li Hongzhang may not have killed and surrendered as in Suzhou out of the friendship of the township party). It can be seen from this that Li Hongzhang is no longer full of birds. Later, in the year of Gengzi, Zhang Zhidong and other Han governors planned to elect Li Hongzhang as "China's great ** (Bo Li Xi Tiande)", and Li Hongzhang gladly accepted this suggestion, which showed that the Han people no longer took the Manchu court seriously.
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was in turmoil, and in the hands of Emperor Xianfeng, there were only two banner generals who could balance the Han generals, Duolonga and Seng Greenqin. In the northwest against the Hui rebels, Duolonga has been killed in battle. Monk Grinqin is the only one left to bear fruit. So in the opinion of the Empress Dowager Cixi, who was in power at the time. The monk king is no longer just a military general. Rather, he had become an ambassador of force for the old Qing system, and politically, the presence of Monk Lingqin and his army proved that the Qing dynasty's ruling base was still strong and could play a stabilizing role.
Therefore, the death of Seng Lingqin officially sounded the death knell of the Qing Dynasty, and it was impossible to suppress the foreign powers externally and the Hanchen internally. When the gunshots of the Wuchang Uprising in 1911 rang out, the shouts of killing echoed in the wheat fields of the high-rise village were still deafening!
Beijing Monk Grinqin Temple.