Before reading this article, please click "Follow", which is not only convenient for you to discuss and share, but also brings you a different sense of participation, thank you for your support.
In 1981, there were many opinions and controversies about how to comment on people and events in the past. For this reason, a special meeting was held to study and solve this problem.
A founding general with an upright temperamentHuang Kecheng, expressed his opinion on the spot, which caused a great response.
Later, his speech was summarized into words and handed over to Hu Qiaomu for polishing, who knew that Hu Qiaomu changed the title of *** to *** comrade.
This approach was opposed by Huang Kecheng:
I can't accept the change of *** title! ”
In his magnificent life, because of the change of his position, he has had many titles, such as "Mao Commissar", "Mao Party Representative", "Mao Political Commissar" and so on.
But the most affectionate and common name for him is still "**."
**The reason why it is called like this has to start from 1931.
In this year, the Communist Party of China held the First National Congress of the Chinese Soviets (referred to as the "First Soviet Congress") in Yeping Village, Ruijin County, Jiangxi Province.
There were more than 600 delegates from the Soviet districts in the south and north of the world.
Due to the encirclement and suppression of the Kuomintang and the grass-roots creation of the Jiangxi Soviet District, the conditions for this congress were very simple, but the Soviet region attached great importance to the holding of the "One Soviet Congress."
In order to prepare for this military parade, the **Soviet District opened up a forest in Yeping Village and built a parade platform that can accommodate tens of thousands of people.
At the same time, a mason was also found to decorate the local Xie family ancestral hall and set it as a venue.
When setting up the venue, there were concerns that it would be vandalized. **Optimistic smile:
Then we will repeat the old tricks, play with them, set up a fake venue in other places, and deceive Jiang Guangtou. ”
As a result, in Changting County, on the border between Jiangxi and Fujian, the **Soviet District also set up a fake venue to divert the attention of the Kuomintang.
Before the congress, there was a discussion within the party about who would preside over the work of the nascent Chinese Soviet Republic.
Some people proposed that Xiang Zhongfa, the top leader of the party at that time, should serve as the general secretary of the Communist Party of China elected at the First Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1928.
In their view, it was only reasonable for the Communist Party to hold the presidency of the Chinese Soviet Republic, the highest leader of the Party.
But some people also believe that it is not appropriate for Xiang Zhongfa to stay in Shanghai for a long time and not participate in the construction of the ** Soviet District.
After intense discussions, it was unanimously agreed that the chairman of the People's Commissariat of the Soviet District, who had created and led the Soviet District, would be the Chairman of the People's Commissariat of the Soviet District.
It is worth mentioning that after the military parade ended, several Kuomintang planes suddenly appeared, dropped a few bombs, and flew in the direction of Changting, Fujian.
**Looking at the people who were a little nervous, he smiled calmly:
The Kuomintang knew that we had set up a Soviet today, and a special plane came to cheer us up. ”
Seeing the chairman like this, the originally tense atmosphere was suddenly relieved.
After the start of the conference, Ren Bishi stepped onto the rostrum and shouted:
Now, we invite *** to speak on stage! ”
Some of the delegates were still a little confused about the new name and did not know who it was.
It wasn't until *** came to the stage that everyone's eyes focused on it and they realized that it was "Commissar Mao".
Amidst warm applause and cheers, everyone shouted in unison, "**."
This title has been well known to people since then, and the revolutionary team he led will open a new chapter for the Chinese nation.
In April 1959, ** was elected as *** and no longer held the post of ***, but still served as the chairman of the Communist Party of China, the chairman of the Politburo and the chairman of the Military Commission, so everyone still calls him "**."
Even after the changes of the years, "* is still immortal, which is the people's nostalgia for him."
For many, "* has a deep meaning and connotation.
Huang Kecheng embarked on the road of revolution under the influence of ***, and it was also under the care of *** that he was upright and upright, so that he could not be buried.
These three words, for him, represent too much.
In 1902, Huang Kecheng was born into a peasant family in Yongxing County, Hunan Province.
Growing up in a poor environment since he was a child, and having experienced the darkness and decay of the old society, Huang Kecheng has a tenacity in his heart.
In the summer of 1922, Huang Kecheng was admitted to the Hunan Provincial Hengyang Third Normal School.
In this turbulent era, invasions by foreign powers, warlords fighting, banditry, and natural and man-made disasters ......
Even with the huge waves of the Xinhai Revolution, the tragic situation of these 40,000 compatriots has not changed.Chinese
From the cry of the New Culture Movement to the turmoil of the May Fourth Movement, the tide of thought to save the country and save the world surged, and the school became a warm nest for cultivating the idea of democratic revolution.
Huang Kecheng, who studied in school, like many of his peers, has a heart to save the country, but the variety of schools of thought is really dazzling.
Which way to go, so that the young Huang Kecheng fell into confusion.
It was also in this year that he came to Hengyang to propagate revolutionary ideas.
Huang Kecheng, who was studying at Hengyang No. 3 Normal School, began to come into contact with Marxist thought in a real sense.
At that time, ** was invited to give a lecture at the Third Division of Hunan.
He presided over the peasant movement in Hunan, and had a deep understanding of China's national conditions, and he combined the Chinese peasant movement with Marxism to vividly and popularly describe the Communist Party's theory of national salvation.
Huang Kecheng, who was born as a farmer, was attracted by the best Marxist theory.
Raised against himAgricultural, as well"Union of workers and peasants"."The people are the masters of the country".I strongly agree.
Huang Kecheng was no longer confused, and the germination of Marxist belief allowed him to find the direction of his life. **'s lecture can be said to have a teacher-student relationship with Huang Kecheng.
After that, Huang Kecheng began to use his spare time to obtain various progressive books related to Marxism, and he gradually developed a deeper concept of the country, the nation, and social issues.
With the deepening of his understanding, he became more and more convinced that Marxism is the way out for China's future.
In 1925, Huang Kecheng joined the Communist Party of China, and he followed the footsteps of the Communist Party of China and embarked on the revolutionary road of saving the country and the people.
He later described his mood at the time:
The excitement made me feel like a different person. At this point, I had real spiritual sustenance. ”
In 1926, he joined the National Revolutionary Army and participated in the Northern Expedition.
Who wanted the cause of the Great Revolution to be in full swing, but it came to an abrupt end in the summer of 1927.
Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Ching-wei and others staged a counter-revolutionary coup d'état, a large number of communists were slaughtered, and the whole country was plunged into a white terror.
At that time, newspapers carried daily news of the murder of Communist Party members by reactionaries and notices of Communist Party members leaving the party.
For safety, Huang Kecheng successively traveled to Hanyang, Wuchang, Hankou, Changsha, Hengyang and other places.
In this process, the comrades who originally worked with Huang Kecheng died and fled, and he also cut off contact with the party organization.
In such a situation, it would be very difficult to get in touch with the higher-level party organizations.
In desperation, he had to return to his hometown Yongxing, and unexpectedly, he contacted Xiang Dafu, who was appointed by Xiangnan Special to serve as the secretary of the special branch in Yongxing.
Huang Kecheng was very happy to reconnect with the organization and continue to devote himself to the revolutionary cause.
At the end of 1928, they organized an armed peasant uprising in Yongxing, but it failed in less than half a year.
Huang Kecheng was hunted down by the Kuomintang with a bounty for holding an important position in it, and he had to embark on the road of escape again.
This period of fugitive was the most embarrassing and bleak experience of his life.
At that time, he ran to Shanghai, but the economy in Shanghai was sluggish, there were many unemployed, he could not find a job, and he had no money, so he had to be cheeky to ask his former fellow villagers and friends for help.
But under the heat and coldness of the world, he was subjected to a lot of cold faces, so that he often wandered around the streets, hoping to meet familiar comrades.
By chance, Huang Kecheng heard that a former colleague of the Northern Expeditionary Army lived in the French Concession in Shanghai, so he thought of going to him for help.
The old colleague saw Huang Kecheng and told him bluntly:
As long as you change your faith, I can get you an errand, isn't it better than you hiding every day? Although ideals and beliefs are good, after all, they cannot be eaten. ”
But Huang Kecheng immediately refused:
No, my faith will never change. ”
As long as you give up your faith, you can be promoted and make a fortune, which is undoubtedly very powerful for ordinary people.
But Huang Kecheng did not hesitate to refuse on the embarrassing way of fleeing, and he always adhered to his faith and remained loyal to the party.
Of course, there are also some of Huang Kecheng's friends who value love and righteousness.
When he was desperate, his friend of the Northern Expedition, Ling Zhaoyao, who was a brigade commander at the time, sent him 20 silver dollars to help him tide over the most difficult moment.
In 1929, with the help of Zeng Xisheng, Huang Kecheng finally got in touch with the party organization, and the following year, he returned to the ranks of the Red Army.
After returning to the organization, Huang Kecheng's road was not smooth sailing, and he even threw away his black yarn hat because of his repeated "disobedience" to the organization, which was even life-threatening in serious cases.
At that time, "left-leaning" adventurism prevailed, Li Li.
3. Leaders such as Wang Ming and Bogu did not take into account the actual situation in China, and copied the Soviet model and forcibly ordered the Red Army to capture the central cities like the Soviet army.
Huang Kecheng has always opposed the attack on the central city, and has openly violated the organization's instructions on many occasions.
So much so that he was labeled as "right-leaning" and "confrontational line", and was demoted and removed many times.
Although he was treated unfairly, he was still loyal to the party, dared to tell the truth, and did practical things.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Huang Kecheng sent a telegram to ***, agreeing with the idea of establishing a base in the northeast and applying to fight.
As early as the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in April 1945, ** clearly pointed out:
The Northeast is very important, and if we lose our existing base areas, as long as the Northeast is in hand, then the Chinese revolution will have a solid foundation, and there will be a foundation for victory.
But in terms of battle arrangement, Huang Kecheng questioned ***.
At that time, the Battle of Siping, in his opinion, should not be a head-to-head confrontation with the Kuomintang, and the level of whiteness increased**.
When he mentioned the battle to the chairman, the chairman knew his temper and had no intention of arguing, but replied:
Let future generations judge this! ”
Like Huang Kecheng, Geng and even the leaders oppose people, it is generally good not to be put in small shoes, let alone promoted and reused.
But *** attaches great importance to him, and has also ordered Huang Kecheng to hold important positions three times.
The first time was after the liberation of Tianjin in 1948, Huang Kecheng was named and served as the first secretary of the Tianjin Municipal Party Committee.
The second time was in 1949, after he made some achievements in Tianjin, he was asked by the chairman to go to Hunan to be responsible for the party, government and military work of the province.
The third time was in 1952, when he was named to return to Beijing and serve as the deputy chief of the general staff and head of the general logistics department of our army.
It is precisely because Huang Kecheng's work is done very well that he will let *** personally order.
In 1955, at the first award ceremony of our army, Huang Kecheng was awarded the rank of general, and then successively served as chief of the general staff and vice minister of national defense.
Compared with others, Huang Kecheng has a deeper affection for ***.
Therefore, when Hu Qiaomu changed the title of ***, he would resist like this.
After the end of the decade of turmoil, different voices appeared in society to try to distort and reduce the influence of ***.
In 1977, Huang Kecheng presided over the rehabilitation work.
Because of seeking truth from facts and daring to tell the truth, in the previous period, he exposed many exaggerated and fraudulent incidents, and became one of the most serious people.
But even so, Huang Kecheng still believes in opposing the different voices in society, and he always advocates the correct evaluation and maintenance of the historical status of the world.
In 1980, the "Resolution on Several Historical Issues of the Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China" sparked a great deal of discussion, during which some improper comments appeared.
More than 1,000 people attended the meeting, and the discussion at the meeting was very intense, which lasted for more than 10 days.
At this time, Huang Kecheng stood up and began to "disagree" with everyone.
At this time, Huang Kecheng was 78 years old, his eyes were almost blind, and his health was not as good as before, but he still dragged his elderly body to the meeting.
Wang Heshou, who presided over the meeting, saw him coming, and immediately said loudly
Mr. Huang came to attend the meeting today, everyone be quiet and ask Mr. Huang to speak. ”
The whole audience looked at the old man, and the hall that had been arguing suddenly fell silent.
With the support of the nursing staff, Huang Kecheng walked into the venue, he stood still in the speaking seat, and said in a somewhat hoarse voice
Comrades, I have something to say about *** today, and I must talk to you. ”
Everyone was attentive and did not make a sound, for fear of missing something.
In this way, Huang Kecheng dragged his sick body and spoke for more than two hours at the meeting.
Later, Huang Kecheng's secretary Li Zhenqi (chí) recalled:
At that venue, everyone held their breath, as if they could hear a needle dropping. When he spoke, many people present were in tears. ”
Later, someone summarized Huang Kecheng's speech and asked Hu Qiaomu to polish the article and publish it, hoping that more people could see it.
Hu Qiaomu has been the political secretary general of the company for 25 years and is known as the "first stroke".
The article he polished was undoubtedly very good, but when he revised it, he changed the *** in the original text to *** comrade, which caused Huang Kecheng's dissatisfaction.
He said to Hu Qiaomu
The manuscript has been revised well, but I don't agree with the revision of the title of ***, the title of *** has been used since its birth in 1931, and if it is changed to Comrade ***, emotionally speaking, I can't accept it. ”
For Huang Kecheng's opinion, ** also agreed:
This title must be kept! ”
In the end, the title of ** did not change, and this article "On the Question of Attitudes to *** Evaluation and Attitude to *** Thoughts" was published in April 1981.
After the article was published, it caused a huge response in all walks of life, and many people wrote letters to Huang Kecheng to express their respect and gratitude for his efforts to maintain his reputation.
Huang Kecheng's eldest son, Huang Xi, later said when talking about this speech:
As for that speech, it was entirely from his heart. ”
In the glorious time, Huang Kecheng was the one who dared to jump out and "pick a thorn" for the chairman; When the giant fell, in the slander of gossip, it was also he who waved the red flag with his stump to defend the reputation of ***.
For Huang Kecheng, ** is the person he respects the most in his life!
For every Chinese, "* will always live in our hearts, and these three words are his exclusive title and will never change."