"In the sixteenth year of **, why did your military commander in an important position not want to participate in the Nanchang riots during the period of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party? "
This dialogue comes from a statement made by Chiang Kai-shek when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cooperated for the second time in 1937. The "Nanchang Uprising" referred to by Chiang Kai-shek was the Nanchang Uprising led by ** ten years ago, which opened the prelude to the armed struggle against the reactionary forces of the Kuomintang.
Chiang Kai-shek is a person who holds grudges, not only has hatred, but also always likes to get to the bottom of things, he is difficult to understand: once valued ** so much, tried to win him over many times, why ** always refused to walk with him?
On February 16, 1925, he served as the commander of the First Division of the Jianguo Sichuan Army.
Speaking of Chiang Kai-shek's "co-optation" of **, he was indeed extremely attentive. When he first wooed **, he sent Secretary-General Li Zhongwu, Li Zhongwu waded through mountains and rivers to Wuhan, and prepared a few pages of lobbying speeches, but as soon as he arrived at the home of Secretary-General Yan Renshan, ** directly arrested Yan Renshan.
This was the first time to win over **, Chiang Kai-shek didn't even open his mouth, and was directly "blocked" back.
Chiang Kai-shek was naturally unwilling, and immediately sent a representative Zhu Shaoliang to infiltrate Wuhan. As soon as Zhu Shaoliang saw **, he put the tempting conditions proposed by Chiang Kai-shek on the table: one Western-style building in Nanjing and one in Shanghai, the post of commander of the Wuhan garrison, 3 million yuan, and the Hanyang Arsenal was completely handed over to ** full management.
Chiang Kai-shek was confident that these conditions would definitely impress, because these suggestions all pointed to the weakness of **: the army's equipment was relatively backward, and the arsenal could not only improve equipment, but also the key to expanding strength; The army funds have been in arrears for a long time, and the morale is gradually declining, and with 3 million yuan, the first division commander will completely get rid of the pressure of military salaries.
Such conditions can be called "extremely attractive" for **. However, ** resolutely refused again. In order to cut off Chiang Kai-shek's idea of winning him over, he even reprimanded Zhu Shaoliang on the spot who came to visit, and Zhu Shaoliang was so frightened that he left in a hurry.
Chiang Kai-shek is not easy to provoke, in the face of "toasting and not eating", he decided to take "tough measures": sent Zhu Shaoliang to buy some people under the command of **, which provoked a dispute over salaries within the ** army. Their plan was to take advantage of the chaos of the **troops, solve the **, and pull his troops to the area of Nanjing.
Unfortunately, Chiang Kai-shek's plan ended in failure, and ** finally settled the dispute with his prestige, which made Chiang Kai-shek, who witnessed all this, even more convinced that his judgment of ** was correct. In Chiang Kai-shek's view, ** was a "terrible" figure.
* Later, he was awarded the rank of marshal, and when Chiang Kai-shek evaluated the top ten marshals, he only used the word "terrible" when talking about **, he said: "* This person is terrible. ”
When the terrible" ** asked Chiang Kai-shek, that is, "why did a good army commander participate in the Communist Party's Nanchang uprising", he actually only replied lightly: "I have different political views from the chairman of the committee!" ”
* This general answer is clearly telling Chiang Kai-shek: "I am not going to explain to you at all, because even if I did, you would not be able to understand." ”
Chiang Kai-shek really did not understand, so after hearing this answer, he was stunned for a moment and could not speak.
The problem that has never been clear is that the answer to ** is actually hidden in his origin and experience-
* Born in Sangzhi, Hunan Province in 1896, he was born into a poor family and was the son of a poor peasant. Bao Gong grew up on his sister-in-law's milk, and ** grew up on his sister-in-law Chen Guiying's milk.
* Since childhood, he has shown distinctive traits, starting to learn martial arts at the age of four, reading at the age of five, and being born with a "dragon nature". When he was seven years old, he miraculously floated to the surface after falling into the water, and learned to swim ever since. When fishing, the fishing rod of ** never misses, so others jokingly call him "dragon pipe fish".
*'s dragon nature is especially evident in his conduct in the world: he naturally hates**. When he was seven years old, he was resentful of the fact that he had witnessed the chief of the security guard beating and scolding the people around him with a stick. The classmate next to him sighed: "To be a human being should be like the kind of person who can beat and scold others." After hearing this, he unceremoniously slapped his classmate in the face: "When I grow up, I will specialize in beating those who beat and scold people." ”
Starting from the age of seven to fight the "human master", ** at the age of eight, in order to save the hungry, he dared to fight the bully, and at the age of twelve, in order to protect the oppressed street vendors, he dared to fight Wu Xiucai ......
Due to the poverty of his family, when he was a teenager, he had to work hard in Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou, driving mules and horses, and selling salt to make a living. **Witnessing the plight of the people in deep distress, the heart is like being cut by a knife.
At the age of eighteen, with the mentality of "jealousy and hatred", he resolutely joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party led by Sun Yat-sen, and participated in the armed struggle against the imperial and feudal forces in Sangzhi, Shimen, Yuanling and other counties.
After three prison sentences, ** is still standing and showing perseverance. During his ordeal in prison, his understanding of the "revolution" deepened. He gradually realized that the mission of saving the country and its people could only be achieved through revolution. However, he still groped for the question of how to carry out this revolution and failed to find a definite way out.
At the age of twenty, he provoked a revolution with two kitchen knives, seized the reactionaries, and organized a peasant revolutionary armed force. This is the first time to set foot in "big things", although the armed team he organized has experienced many failures, but it has gradually grown, achieved outstanding achievements, and repeatedly made military exploits in the war against Yuan and **.
The phoenix dances for nine days, and the dragon flies to the sky", at this time, ** first revealed the "dragon shape".
Compared with the Kuomintang generals who put their personal interests first, they think more about how to "save the country and save the people". He clearly understood that the revolution could only be seen as the "right way" if it found a way to truly save the country and its people.
After joining the revolution, ** and his troops experienced numerous twists and turns. As time passed, he became tired and pessimistic: he felt lost about his future and that of his warriors. He once had such feelings:
For more than a decade, I have traveled far and wide, witnessing only power struggles between warlords and politicians, corruption and degeneration, the fragmentation of countries, and the suffering of people. I myself come from a poor background, and I know the suffering of the poor, and I am accompanied by poor people. I felt that my personal future was bleak, and the army as a whole seemed to be cornered. The Kuomintang is divided internally, what are we fighting for? ”
It is a pity that Chiang Kai-shek has never heard this emotion. If he had heard it, he might not have been confused by the fact that he had participated in the Communist Party's Nanchang riots.
In Chiang Kai-shek's view, "good" is "a plate of loose sand" in the eyes of **. Every warlord politician is busy protecting his power and rushing for personal gain. In the opinion of **, it is simply whimsical to expect such a team to "save the country and save the people".
* He was confused, but his hesitation was quickly abandoned after coming into contact with the Communists. It all started in 1926, when ** led the army to the Northern Expedition and **sent a propaganda team to help transform **'s troops.
Deeply feeling that the troops reformed by the Communist Party showed stronger combat effectiveness, unity and centripetal force, they began to think about "why" and gradually firmly believed that the way out of the revolution lay in the Communist Party.
* He became so interested in the Communist Party that he even said to Zhou Yiqun, the leader of the propaganda team and a member of the Communist Party: "It seems that only by finding the Communist Party can the revolution have a way." ”
During this period, ** and his troops were rescued by another Communist Party member named Wu Yuzhang. It turned out that He Jian, the commander of the 1st Division of the 8th Army, in order to pursue personal interests, conspired with a group of businessmen to spread rumors and try to disperse or annex the 1st Division of the 9th Army.
At this critical moment, Wuhan National** dispatched Wu Yuzhang, who had joined the Communist Party in 1925, to deal with the matter.
He Jian found Wu Yuzhang and tried to use both soft and hard, hoping that he would support their reactionary plans, Wu Yuzhang has always opposed the struggle for power and profit, he reprimanded He Jian on the spot, and urgently mobilized ** and his troops to Wuhan for protection. In this way, ** and his troops managed to avoid the fate of being swallowed up by the rightist army.
For Wu Yuzhang's saving grace, ** is deeply grateful, if it were not for his protection, he and the troops would have been wiped out in the case of disparity in strength.
The appearance of Wu Yuzhang provided inspiration for the thought of ** and helped in transforming the team. And Zhou Yiqun, who is also a member of the Communist Party, helped him transform the team by enlightening his thoughts. ** Firmly decided to follow the Communist Party in the revolution.
The confused ** finally found his way, and his connection with the Communist Party became closer and closer, and he gradually realized that the Communist Party was the hope of China. In 1927, when the Communist Party was facing the most difficult time, ** resolutely participated in the Nanchang Uprising.
Back in 1937, ** had been serving in the Communist Party for ten years. His troops still faced the problem of lack of equipment, even the guns were bald (without bayonets). The troops lacked fur coats and hats, and ammunition was even more scarce, and when the army marched outside the Cypriot Islands, they often had to rely on "ideas" to keep out the cold.
Despite the predicament, when Chiang Kai-shek mentioned "back then", he was still able to fight back firmly. In his reply, "We have different political views," he expressed his firm belief that the revolution would succeed.
Chiang Kai-shek has never been able to truly understand the reasons for choosing the Communist Party, and the phrase "different political views" seems to be a mystery to him. Due to the lack of understanding of the experience of **, coupled with the huge difference in social status, the thoughts in the hearts of the two must be completely different. It is appropriate to use "the day does not understand the darkness of the night" to describe the difference in thinking between Chiang Kai-shek and **.
Stepping out of the camp of the Kuomintang, ** solemnly swore to completely draw a line with the past. This decision led him to generously donate "things outside his body" to Liu Pinggeng, the principal of Hongdao Middle School, after the Nanchang Uprising.
Behind this "abandonment", it reflects the results of the ideological awakening of the proletariat. After that, he was more brave and fearless in his marches and battles, and lived a simpler life, but his eyes were more determined.
was praised by Chiang Kai-shek as a "terrible" **, since the Nanchang Uprising, he has frequently made military exploits. In 1934, he led his troops to join the Red Sixth Army on the border and launched the Xiangxi Uprising, which caught the enemy by surprise.
In 1935, the regiment led by ** and his old partner Ren Bishi carried out anti-"encirclement and suppression", and the remnants of the enemy were not left, hindering the "encirclement and suppression" plan of the Kuomintang army.
During the Anti-Japanese War, ** made frequent miraculous achievements. In battles such as the Battle of Hejian and the Battle of Qihui, he led his troops to bravely resist the enemy, not only regaining a large amount of lost territory, but also seriously dealing a blow to the arrogance of the Japanese army.
However, what is unexpected is that during the War of Liberation, **, who had experienced more than 10,000 battles, was "absent". And this absence was a choice he made on his own initiative.
During the War of Liberation, as Chiang's army adjusted its strategy to a focused offensive in northern Shaanxi, the Northern Shaanxi People's Liberation Army was left with only 170,000 people, which should have been commanded by **. However, this 170,000 people are no longer the focus of attention. In the face of Hu Zongnan's rapid approach to Yan'an, ** proposed to "borrow troops" to avoid direct confrontation with the enemy. Agreed without hesitation. Why? Because at this time, he had completely abandoned the "your" and "my" thinking of the Kuomintang camp, and was deeply influenced by the proletarian revolutionary ideology, and he only had the "great cause" of the revolution and his family and country in his heart.
* He has publicly stated: "Before I joined the Communist Party, the army I commanded belonged to me personally; But once I joined the party, the army under my command became the party's army, and even my thoughts belonged to the party's unified leadership! ”
In this way, the troops of **, under the leadership of ***, were "borrowed" in two parts. Although ** has a clear understanding of the overall situation, some of his soldiers failed to understand such an awareness and questioned why they should act with ***: "We are obviously the first army, why do we have to follow ***?" ”
For those generals who were unwilling to leave, ** once advised: "The army is the party's army, not the private soldiers of individuals." The army I lead, others can lead. ”
After the handover of the last army, ** deliberately went to the front line to do the ideological work of the soldiers to ensure that his troops obeyed the command of ***. This move touched *** and also made *** more noble in his heart.
Even though he did not have a single soldier under his command and did not participate directly in the war of liberation, he earned a reputation in the war. According to the deployment of the General Headquarters, he led the work of the two liberated areas of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningbo and Jinsui, and served as the director of the Northwest Financial and Economic Office, responsible for the "logistics" work to ensure the successful conduct of the Northwest Liberation War.
Next, **understood**'s intentions and understood **'s intentions, and such "understanding" and "understanding" were established based on "political views".
Subsequently, as the "commander of the light pole", he actively presided over the construction of the rear base area, led the people to carry out land reform, concentrated the resources of the border areas to support the front-line operations, and made outstanding contributions to the victory of the Northwest Liberation War.
In 1947, the Jinsui border area was hit by a catastrophic natural disaster, and the masses were mobilized to buy grain from many places and transport it to the affected areas. It was difficult to carry out such a task during the war, but it successfully organized military stations throughout the territory, mobilized 300,000 people and 40,000 livestock to carry grain on their backs, and solved the problem of food for the Northwest Field Army and various party and government organs through relay transportation.
In March 1947, Hu Zongnan attacked Yan'an, and the administrative organization of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningbo fell into chaos.
Hu Zongnan was surprised: Obviously, the army is already facing a difficult situation, but why can the soldiers not only ensure sufficient rations, but also seem to have an endless ammunition depot?
All this is thanks to the strong logistical support for Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, which makes him known as the "Xiao He" of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he had the opportunity to "get back" his troops, but for the sake of the overall interests, he did not hesitate to choose to give up.
In December 1949, he served as the first of the Southwest Bureau.
The first, second, and third secretaries, ** served as the commander of the Southwest Military Region. After receiving the task of entering Sichuan, he faced the question of the chairman: "Which troops do you bring into Sichuan?" ”
* The old army before has become the main force of Yiye, led by *** to liberate the great northwest and Xinjiang. Although this unit was once commanded by **, he did not hesitate to decide to abandon the transfer of this unit and chose the 18th Corps of the North China Field Army, which was quickly thrown into Sichuan.
For the questions around me, "Why don't you bring your own troops into Sichuan?" Haha laughed and responded: "Why not?" Why do you have to take the troops I led before? The army is not my own, and if I have to lead the troops I lead, then I am not a party member. ”
These words actually responded to Chiang Kai-shek's question again: "Why did the good end follow the Communist Party to carry out the Nanchang riots"? Because the soul of the army is faith, and the army with faith can finally win. The ranks of the Communist Party are the ranks of souls, but the Kuomintang troops lack such faith!