Li Dameng.
Designing student assignments is an important part of teachers' teaching. In the context of advocating the integration of knowledge and interdisciplinary teaching, homework exercises with diverse contents, forms and angles can enable students to acquire knowledge, master skills, form abilities and develop thinking in homework, and at the same time, students' emotions, will, habits and interests can also be cultivated in the process of homework training. This requires teachers to fully consider the cognitive laws and psychological characteristics of students, and carry out the "integrated" design of homework. In recent years, the author has also made some attempts, and has achieved good results.
* "Service, respecting the differences of students.
Quality education requires that all students be oriented and respected, but this does not mean advocating egalitarianism and "one size fits all" in education. As teachers, we must face up to the reality and acknowledge the differences that exist among students, and reflect these differences in the design of assignments. So that students of different levels can balance their abilities, interests and needs on the original basis, and have the freedom to choose within a limited range, and can develop vividly, vividly and actively on the original basis.
At present, preferential "** service is widely popular in the society, and customers will get some additional benefits in the process of consumption. For example, a tourist attraction may provide a preferential service such as "zoo tickets + museum tickets + accommodation", and the "accommodation" service as a welfare will often allow a large number of tourists to voluntarily pay to enjoy such a "** author tries to learn from this "** method of assignment.
For example, after completing the study of the article "My Comrade-in-Arms Qiu Shaoyun", show the students "homework**" to copy the new words after class twice + accumulate good words and sentences in the text + a heroic story of Dong Cunrui sacrificing himself to bomb the dark castle (provided by the teacher) or read the text aloud + make a heartfelt reading note + **Dong Cunrui's self-sacrificing himself to blow up the dark castle** information (provided by the teacher). When such "homework**" was presented in class, the students felt very fresh and enthusiastic about doing homework. In particular, the story of "Dong Cunrui sacrificed himself to bomb the dark castle" and the **information** recommended at the end not only invisibly expand the reading volume of students, but also better sublimate the emotional connotation of the article and cultivate students' feelings of loving the motherland and the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army. This is a good way to effectively expand the reading from the classroom to the outside of the classroom. Learning in such a subtle and happy state can not only satisfy the thirst for knowledge of students with a good learning foundation and let them "eat enough", but also take into account the students with a weak foundation and make them "eat". In this way, why worry that students don't fall in love with our classes and teachers' homework?
Classified reserves, absorbing information "fast" knowledge.
Now is a new era of knowledge economy, the amount of knowledge is growing exponentially, in order to keep up with the pace of the new era, we must increase the amount of knowledge reserve and absorption. The speed and amount of information transmitted by modern ** provide students with more learning opportunities. Therefore, the author assigns such homework every week:
Tune in to the "News Network" program of ** TV station every day and briefly write down a summary of the news in your own words. Then in the morning meeting class every Thursday, the group "** car" talks about the news, the content is optional, mainly speaking, or it can be discussed. In this way, students not only cultivate the habit of watching news, but also exercise their listening, speaking and cognitive skills.
Collect famous sayings and aphorisms and make hand-copied newspapers. Each student collects a famous saying, or an aphorism, or an ancient poem every week, and a student copies the collected content on a small blackboard every day according to the student number, and the student explains it and takes everyone to read it aloud. Then, students are organized to classify and archive the materials they have collected, make a variety of hand-copied newspapers, and organize regular exhibitions. Let them learn, watch, read, and do with interest in the vast world of free reading, and accept the edification of cultural masterpieces.
Set up a "homework reserve" to unleash students' individuality.
I remember the educator Sukhomlinsky once said: "The best way to make a child really smart is to take him out into nature, let him listen to the birds and see the flowers bloom, and in the process, cultivate the child's observation and agility." As a teacher, you should always remember to leave enough free play time for children to do what they love, want to do, and enjoy doing. After reading such a passage, I was deeply inspired. Therefore, when the author assigns homework, he also leaves a piece of "homework for his own homework" for students.
In teaching, the author agreed with the students that during the study time of one week, the homework on Wednesday will be completely assigned by the students themselves, and the students' own wishes, the content and form of the homework will be fully respected. It can be your favorite cut-and-paste, or you can draw and talk about it, of course, you can also look it up, you can catch insects in the field, you can run a race with your friends, or you can watch a cartoon ...... to your heart's contentThe author also made an appointment with the students to have one class a month for the whole class to have a homework exchange, focusing on the harvest of their own cultivation of "self-reserved land".
"Homework Reserve" also gives students a sky to fly freely and a field where they can run to their heart's content. In this world of their own, they can listen, speak, read and write, play, sing, shout, and dance happily. Here, students find themselves to be true masters of their studies. How can students not love such a "homework space"? With such a piece of "homework reserved for themselves", how can the children not "cultivate" seriously?
Leave blank "space" and innovate design operations.
Chinese homework should enable students to "think from a different perspective" and provide enough space for students to improve their creativity. The innovation of the form of homework will bring a refreshing feeling to students, which is conducive to cultivating students' creativity.
Design the assignment in the margins of the plot. The fourth stanza of "Prometheus" simply describes the scene after the fire in the world. In order to let students further understand the great role of fire in promoting human civilization, and thus feel the great spirit of Prometheus who did not hesitate to sacrifice everything for the benefit of the people, the author asks students to imagine the scene of people being ecstatic after receiving the fire, talk about it first, and then write it down. As a result, the students developed a rich imagination and vividly described the mood of people after receiving the fire, their words, and how they celebrated (singing and dancing).
Design assignments at the point of emotional convergence. Many texts contain a wealth of feelings, and teachers design homework exercises on the basis of guiding students to dig and use the resonance between students and the texts. For example, after teaching the article "A Letter", assign the following homework: What do you think after reading Lucy's last letter to Dad? As Lucy's father, please reply to Lucy. According to their understanding of the content of the text and their experience of life, the students wrote enthusiastic letters, and their innovative personalities were fully promoted, and their interest and enthusiasm for learning were also greatly stimulated.
Of course, there are many ways to do this in the "all-in-one" design of student work. However, no matter what kind of homework is designed for students, it must be based on the new curriculum standards, adhere to the "people-oriented" thinking, transform the homework in the traditional sense, and integrate the homework into games, production, observation, and performance. At the same time, students of different levels are allowed to choose their own homework and quantify it independently. Practice has proved that students not only like to do such homework, but also enjoy such classes.
Author's Affiliation: Shuangwangcheng Sleeper Primary School, Shouguang City).