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What is the teaching method of the integration of theory and practice?
The integration of theory and practice teaching is the integration of theory and practice teaching method, is to break the boundaries of theoretical courses, experimental courses and practical courses, the theoretical teaching, practical teaching, production, technical services of a course into one, the teaching link is relatively concentrated, by the same teacher to teach, the teaching place is directly arranged in the laboratory or training workshop, to complete a certain teaching objectives and teaching tasks, teachers and students while teaching, learning, while doing, theory and practice alternately, intuitive and abstract staggered, there is no fixed first real and then rational or first rational, It is a teaching method that highlights the cultivation of students' practical ability and professional skills, and fully mobilizes and stimulates students' interest in learning.
In the whole teaching process, theoretical knowledge and practice are alternated, abstraction and intuition alternately, and there is no fixed mode of first reality and then reason or first reason and then reality. Highlighting students' hands-on ability and the cultivation of professional skills is a teaching method that fully mobilizes and stimulates students' interest in learning.
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The implementation method of the integrated teaching method
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In the process of integrated teaching of theory and practice, there are theoretical explanations, operation demonstrations, and operation training, which are very different from pure theoretical classes on the podium, and it is not a simple piling up of theory and practice.
Therefore, the design of the teaching process is the key to a good class, and the following ideas should be followed:
The purpose of teaching, what basic knowledge is taught, what basic skills are mastered;
What are the key points and difficulties of teaching?
how to choose teaching venues, teaching equipment, tools and measuring tools; orchestration of the teaching process;
Do it first and then explain, or explain it first and then operate?
It is especially important for difficult content;
how students are grouped and how devices are configured;
Pay attention to where to write safety matters in the teaching process;
How to reflect the key points and difficulties of teaching in the homework.
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Advantages of the teaching method of integrating theory and practice
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The integration of theory and practice is adopted, and theory and practice are closely integrated and complement each other. This teaching method not only strengthens the mutual penetration of theoretical knowledge and practical operation, but also effectively transforms theoretical knowledge into practical operation, so that students can master knowledge in practice and improve their hands-on ability.
At the same time, this teaching mode also fully stimulates students' interest and initiative in learning, enabling them to think and explore more deeply.
In the integrated teaching of theory and practice, teachers and students participate together, and teaching, learning, doing, and thinking are organically integrated, forming a scientific, reasonable and effective teaching model.
It not only exercises students' hands-on ability and thinking ability, but also stimulates their innovation ability and lays a solid foundation for cultivating high-quality talents.
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Teaching is carried out in a variety of pedagogical methods
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(1) Case teaching method
As a guide, teachers should make good use of cases as teaching tools to lead students into the palace of practice. The theoretical and practical training room, which is closely connected with the reality of life, is like a bridge, connecting the ocean of knowledge with the depths of students' hearts.
Here, cases become the main learning carrier, guiding students to explore the treasures of knowledge from different perspectives. The perfect combination of theoretical knowledge and cases is like a piano and a song, allowing students to feel the power of knowledge in practice and transform theory into inner wisdom.
This teaching method not only improves students' practical ability, but also allows theoretical knowledge to take root and thrive in students' hearts.
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(2) Integration of learning and teaching
This means that schools need to develop their own teaching materials, taking into account the teachers' years of teaching experience and the actual situation of the school. The integrated teaching mode of "teaching, learning and doing" is adopted, which is an advanced model that integrates the advantages of teaching reform.
It is characterized by:
Theoretical teachers and trainee teachers are combined into one to realize the integration of teachers;
The regular classroom and the training venue are integrated, and the classroom is integrated;
The theoretical textbook and the internship guide book are combined into one, and the textbook is integrated.
We need to teach by doing, learn by doing.
The integrated teaching model of "teaching, learning and doing" breaks the traditional educational framework, eliminates the boundary between theory and practice, and makes theoretical teaching and practical teaching closely integrated and truly integrated.
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3) Hierarchical pedagogy
The hierarchical approach is a unique teaching method. In skills teaching, there are certain individual differences due to the different levels of knowledge mastery of each student.
Therefore, teachers need to adopt personalized and differentiated means in course teaching, upload the teaching content to the curriculum platform in a unified manner, and use the hierarchical teaching method to guide students to learn and practice.
Only in this way can we help students build confidence and conduct one-on-one evaluation guidance, so as to achieve better teaching results.
5. Conditions for the implementation of the integrated teaching method of theory and practice
The integrated training environment of theory and practice - enterprise
The integrated teaching of science and practice should have hardware equipment and a learning environment suitable for the major and scale. Because this teaching method emphasizes the unity of space and time, it requires that the practice workshop (laboratory) as a classroom should have enough workstations, and the necessary teaching environment, such as blackboards and even more teaching equipment.
Different majors and different courses have different equipment and environments. The teaching place is directly arranged in the laboratory or training workshop, and the equipment provides guarantee for both teachers and students of the integrated teaching of theory and practice to teach, learn, do, and alternate between theory and practice, which basically meets the requirements of one person and one post.
Curriculum of integrated theory and practice - modular
The integration of science and practice should have a curriculum that is consistent with the major and scale. The curriculum of a vocational school is a synthesis of the content and sequence of teaching that the school sets around the training goals.
The word "module" is a foreign word, and its English is module, which refers to standard size building parts and furniture parts; The second refers to the modules, components, and modules of a computer or computer program. As a technology development and design idea in the high-tech era, modularization first appeared in the field of information technology.
Due to the modular structure of computer software and hardware, it not only greatly shortens the development cycle of software and hardware products, reduces production costs, but also flexibly realizes multi-functional needs. Since then, the idea of modularity has been widely used in various other technical fields.
Modular teaching is a relatively advanced training model developed by the International Labour Organization in the 70s of the 20th century. On the basis of in-depth analysis of each occupation (type of work) and skills, in strict accordance with the work standards (job specifications), the syllabus and teaching materials are developed into different teaching modules to form a teaching method similar to the combination of building blocks. A lesson plan that combines various teaching modules is called a modular lesson plan.
Rational and practical integration of supporting teaching - task-oriented
The integrated teaching of science and practice should have a set of teaching materials that match the major and planning. Traditional textbooks generally emphasize the comprehensiveness and systematization of theories, and cannot meet the needs of integrated teaching of theory and practice.
The integrated teaching materials should abandon the traditional professional teaching curriculum plan, decompose the practical training tasks of each knowledge point according to the teaching objectives and tasks, and carry out skill training in a planned manner. Let the students know what to do in the training. Teachers explain the problems that students practice with professional theoretical knowledge, so that students know why they are so, so as to realize the organic combination of theory and practice.
On the basis of learning from advanced vocational education concepts, models and methods, combined with the actual situation, the original curriculum structure, system, content and teaching methods of the CNC technology application major are reformed, and teachers are organized to compile school-based textbooks that are guided by projects and driven by tasks.
School-based textbooks break through the traditional textbooks that attach importance to the comprehensive and systematic curriculum system of theory, take ability as the basis, take vocational practice as the main line, and take task driven as the main body, innovate and integrate the course content, according to the specific requirements of the enterprise and the actual situation of the school, combined with the personality development needs of students, make necessary trade-offs and combinations of the content of the textbook, make appropriate adjustments to the depth and breadth of the content, and integrate the vocational qualification standards into the school-based textbooks in combination with the talent training model of "double certificate integration".
Rational and practical integrated teaching team - double teachers
The integration of theory and practice teaching must have a strong teaching team.
To implement the integration of science and practice teaching, the requirements for teachers are high, not only require teachers to have a more solid professional foundation, but also to have more proficient practical skills, but also to have the ability to combine the analysis and process combination of theory and practice, teachers are not only in the traditional sense of double teachers, but also have the ability to innovate and comprehensively, otherwise the teaching program is difficult to introduce, the teaching process is difficult to control, and it is difficult for teachers to respond to requests, answer questions, and integrate knowledge.
Strengthening the practical teaching environment is an effective way to focus on ability, cultivate students' proficient vocational skills and comprehensive vocational ability, and realize the organic combination of theory and practice, teaching and production. The key to improving the quality of practical teaching lies in having a team of double-teacher professional teachers with first-class skills and advanced skills.
The integrated training environment of theory and practice - enterprise
The evaluation of the teaching quality of the integrated reform of theory and practice is based on three conformity standards, namely:
The degree to which the training objectives and quality standards meet the needs of society, the needs of students and the regulations of the state - design;
The degree to which the actual working state of the school meets the training objectives and quality standards determined by the school - production;
The degree to which the results of talent training (graduates) meet the training objectives and quality standards determined by the school - test.
Combined with the talent training model of "double certificate integration", in accordance with the hierarchical national occupational standard system proposed by the Vocational Skills Appraisal Center of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, it is composed of four modules: occupation-specific skill standards, industry general skill standards, cross-industry vocational skill standards and core skill standards.
The final score of the relevant core courses can be comprehensively assessed by the assessment results of each skill training item and the theoretical test score according to the weight.
In addition, the credit system is implemented, and students are encouraged to obtain corresponding credits through self-selected courses and professional qualification certification.
The evaluation of teaching quality can not only be our own decision, but also users (enterprises, students, parents) to participate in the evaluation, pay attention to user evaluation, assess the ability of students to solve practical problems, not only qualified materials, advanced equipment and means, but also scientific and standardized quality management and control, to the participation of all staff, all factors, the whole process of teaching quality evaluation system guarantee.
While highlighting the pertinence and application of talent training, students should have certain sustainable development ability and promote their all-round development.
Widely implement process assessment and comprehensive assessment of project tasks, and use a variety of evaluation methods as much as possible, such as skill appraisal, simulation test, physical production, special report, oral and written question and answer, direct observation, investigation of original learning evidence, etc. This can effectively ensure the characteristics of vocational education with skill training as the core and meeting the needs of society as the ability goal.