Quanzhou is also an ancient city?
This year's Spring Festival travel,The "North-South" swap has become the general trend: Friends in the south have a soft spot for "Erbin", while friends in the north tend to goFujian, Guangdong, Hainanand other warm places.
And Quanzhou, as a tourist city in the south, will inevitably be on the list. During this year's Spring Festival, our Quanzhou's report card is also very eye-catchingPick upThe number of tourists and tourism income rank first in the province
During the Spring Festival holiday in 2024, Quanzhou's tourist reception volume and total tourism income will reach a record high, ranking first in the province.
Quanzhou, it's not just this year, it's so hot, as early asSong DynastyPeople from all over the world have a soft spot for Quanzhou.
The Song and Yuan dynasties were the most developed overseas ports in ancient China, and at that time, Quanzhou Port in Fujian Province was a world-famous port.
Why was it considered at the time".The land of the soldiersFujian, but was born such asQuanzhouWhat about world cities in general?
Fujian's natural barrier - Wuyi Mountain.
From the perspective of the time, FujianIt is remote by the sea, with many mountains and hills, rugged terrain. It is not dangerous, and it is not an important agricultural production area, so it is naturally "indisputable".
And if you look farther, you can see the quiltThe sea world connected by the ocean。Behind the treacherous waves, there is a vast ** market.
Zhangzhou Huyu Island Fishing Festival.
As a result, the land of "indisputable soldiers" has an incomparable advantage over landBlessed with nautical conditions。Quanzhou is exactly like that.
The coastline of Quanzhou is long and tortuous, the seabed is all granite, the deep-water channel is easy to find, and it is also rich in natural deep-water harbors.
The picture shows the coast of Guanyin Mountain in Shishi City.
Guanyin Mountain is a small hill that is surrounded by the sea on three sides. It is also a natural haven, with fishing boats often docked in the bay.
Trumpet-typeQuanzhou BayThe opening is large and the inland waters are wide, which is convenient for ancient ships to sail directlyEnter the river to anchor and shelter from the wind, the conditions are indeed unique.
The longevity tower on the top of Baogai Mountain on the coast of Quanzhou Bay was built in the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty, which was prosperous overseas, and was the navigation beacon tower when the merchant ships arrived at Quanzhou Port.
Not only that, Quanzhou also has a "high-quality" wind. Quanzhou is close to the Pacific Ocean and belongs**With an oceanic monsoon climate zone。The wind turns twice a year in winter and summer, and it is like a godsend.
The routes shown in the picture are overseas ** routes in the Song and Yuan dynasties.
per yearWinterIt prevails on the southeast coast of our countryNortheast windsAffected by it, the direction of the coastal current is from north to south, and the seawater flows from the mouth of the Yangtze River to the south to the island of JavaA natural route to the South SeasAnd so it was born.
In summer, the Indian Ocean prevailsSouthwest monsoonThe monsoon currents also reversed, and the Chinese maritime merchants could follow suitTurn the ship around and sail back to China
Source: China National Geographic, Issue 04, 2009.
Quanzhou, with a moderate location, with the monsoon, thenIt can be both east and southIt became the most extensive and diverse stage for marine and cultural exchanges at that time.
Quanzhou has jurisdiction over Jiuri Mountain in Nan'an City.
According to legend, the immigrants of the Central Plains of the Jin Dynasty climbed high and looked far away here on September 9, so they gave it this name.
There are cliff carvings scattered all over the mountain, and some of them record the Song Dynasty's event of holding a prayer ceremony for overseas merchants.
Not only is there a good time and place, but also people。After the Anshi Rebellion, land transportation in Eurasia was blockedThe overland Silk Road was interrupted。Anxious Chinese and foreign businessmen as well as lack of wealth incomeSong Ting, can only look to the ocean.
Quanzhou Tianhou Temple.
This temple was built in the Southern Song Dynasty, worshipping the sea god Mazu, and flourished with the development of Quanzhou Ocean.
That's all,In the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty(In 1087), Quanzhou set up an overseas ** management centerQuanzhou City。This body is equivalent to "".CustomsAt once, Quanzhou stepped onto the world stage.
In 1271, Jewish merchantsJacob, set sail from Italy, set off to "Thorn Tong" (the ancient name of Quanzhou). During his five-month stay, he wrote down what he saw and heard into a travelogue"City of Light".
The site of the site of the Bosi in Quanzhou City.
Quanzhou Bosi marks that Quanzhou has officially become an open national port to the outside world, which has greatly promoted the development speed of Quanzhou.
There are so many oil lamps and torches in the streets that at night the city is particularly brightly illuminated, and it can be seen from afar ......James wrote in his travelogue The City of Light.
fromSilk and ceramics from the outbackfromOverseas spices and jewelryIt is the most important type in Quanzhou City. Shops are lined up one after another, forming professional streets, and even divination actually has a special street.
At the intersection of Zhongshan Road and East and West Streets, the bell tower built in the ** period stands tall.
The European-style bell tower and the Nanyang-style arcade form a subtle mix-and-match.
Not only are there foreign businessmen visiting, but whenever the Central Plains is full of smoke, Fujian is tooCentral Plains peopleof refuge.
fromFrom the end of the Western Jin Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, successively the Central Plains well-dressed clans, scholars and relatives of the emperor took refuge, talents, technology, culture, and also followed. Fujian is therefore rich and peaceful
At its peak, Quanzhou embraced the people of all countries in the world with a broad mind. "Diverse" religions can coexist harmoniously here.
Quanzhou West Street Kaiyuan Temple Town National Tower, Renshou Pagoda and ** Jiaoquan West Hall.
A variety of foreign religions, such as Islam, Nestorianism, Catholicism, Hinduism, Manichaeism, Judaism, etc., together with Quanzhou's rich Taoist and Buddhist attractions, constitute a unique "".Museum of World Religions".
The right time, place and people helped Quanzhou become the world's largest port in the East during the Song and Yuan dynasties. The ancient buildings and traditional customs left behind in the Song and Yuan dynasties have also made Quanzhou a veritable ancient city.
Blessed are those who love the flavor of the New Year
In the eyes of most people, Fujian's culture is a maritime civilization facing the sea, in fact,The traditional culture of the Central PlainsIt has a solid foundation in Fujian, which is very well preserved.
The fragmented mountains and lattice-like water systems have formed lattice-shaped cultural islands and enclavesChinese culture has avoided the fate of assimilation in these islands and enclaves
There are 22 World Heritage sites in Quanzhou.
From the distribution map of these heritage sites, it can be seen that there are still rich marine relics preserved to this day, witnessing the prosperity and achievements of Quanzhou's maritime commerce and trade in the Song and Yuan dynasties.
Source: "Chinese Heritage" 2021 Issue 07.
Quanzhou not only retains the culture of southern Fujian, but also has traditional and even exotic cultures, which make Quanzhou full of New Year's flavor and make tourists satisfied.
Stomping on the streetYesTraditional folk art in QuanzhouJust like the name of this folk custom, "stepping on the street" is the spontaneous gathering of people during the Spring FestivalCostume parades, singing and dancing。Celebrate with each other.
Step on the Hanfu show phalanx in the street.
Walking on the street was born in the Sui and Tang dynasties, and developed and evolved from the ancient Lantern Festival and the activities of the Welcoming Gods.
This year's street stampede activity is the first time in 20 years that Quanzhou has restarted, and you can see it in the street stampede activityFolk culture such as chest beating dance, Huoding in-laws, kickball dance, Quanzhou Nanyin, etc；And there isSouthern Shaolin martial arts, white crane boxing, flat dan and other traditional martial arts, as well as a variety of phalanxes, can be called a folk feast.
Stone lion and lion performance in the street.
Follow Quanzhou a ** out of the circle".Hairpin flowersCircles of different flowers, like a garden overhead.
This custom is mainly in the area of Pu (xún) in Fengze District, Quanzhou City.
Quanzhou Pupu hairpin.
Pupu VillageIt is a small fishing village in Quanzhou, Fujian, and the villagers rely onFishing in Quanzhou Bay for a livingLocal women, young and old, always wear a bun and wear a "hairpin" headdress composed of flowers.
It is said that this custom is fromCentral AsiaHowever, the people themselves also love flowers, which are not only a symbol of beauty, but also represent hope, praying for the safe return of their families who go to sea.
The custom of wearing hairpins on the heads of women in Pupu has been included in the national intangible cultural heritage in 2008, and has now become a must-check custom when going to Quanzhou.
The New Year in Quanzhou is lively from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, and the Lantern Festival in Quanzhou is everywhereFlower lantern decoration, dreaming back to Song and Yuan.
The world is on the yuan, the prosperity of the lamps and candles, and there is no more than Fujian".
In 2006, Quanzhou lanterns were included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage.
Tang and SongQuanzhou lanterns are all in different shapesColored lanternsMainly. It's hereMing and Qing dynastiesWith the glass manufacturing industry, the craftsmen drew the glass into silk and used it in the lanterns, so Quanzhou had a golden and green again"Filament lamp
Quanzhou China Fujian-Taiwan Rim Museum.
The custom of lanterns is actually fromCentral PlainsWhat was brought over, for the land of southern Fujian, the lamp is a kind of inheritance, and it is also a record of the magnificent journey of immigrants from the Central Plains, and it also represents the good wishes to welcome the light and live endlessly.
Walking on the road of Quanzhou, you will find that even the houses seem to be very suitable for the occasion, with red bricks and red tiles, full of New Year's flavor. This kind of dwelling can only be seen in southern Fujian, and it is called ".Red brick house (cuò).
Quanzhou bell tower and the red brick house of the ancient city.
Cuo, in Hokkien language, means house.
Why do the houses in southern Fujian make people unforgettable, and even become a landscape? Because Minnan dwellings are used in large quantitiesstone, instead of wood; Secondly, residential buildings in various places mostly use blue bricks and gray tilesOnly Minnan houses use red bricks and red tiles；The ridge is not a traditional straight line, but a mediumThe two ends of the depression are slightly warped
The swallowtail wing of the red brick house in Quanzhou.
The detailed decoration of Minnan dwellings is extremely exquisite, in order to ensure that the colors are gorgeous, Minnan has also developed unique arts such as cutting and pasting, and the decoration is colorful and green.
As for why there is such a unique building, it is difficult to verify, there is a theory that Spain left many red brick buildings in the Philippines, andWhen Hokkien merchants traveled to the Philippines, they were deeply impressed by this kind of architecture, and it was imitated in his hometown.
Located in Nan'an, Quanzhou, the Cai Ancient Residence was mainly built by Cai Qichang, an overseas Chinese in the Philippines, and his son Cai Gao.
The main building is a hard gabled roof, which is a typical representative of traditional houses in southern Fujian.
AlthoughThe red brick house is a foreign product in the late Ming Dynasty, but the internal structure is still traditional, and the roof is again similarThe kind of dovetail ridge of the big temple, a combination of Chinese and Western, magnificent. Just like the city of Quanzhou itself, the Eastern and Western cultures collided, absorbed and integrated, and became a veritable "world city".
Any taste, any requirement, delicious Quanzhou, all satisfied!
The exchange of tourism between the north and the south not only has to adapt to each other's weather and living habits, but also has a demand for food. Some people can't adapt to the northern cuisine with heavy oil and salt, and some people can't get used to the light diet in the south.
However, in Quanzhou, there is no need to worry about food at all, no matter you are a ** person, you will definitely be able to find your favorite food in Quanzhou.
No matter which taste you prefer, Quanzhou can satisfy you.
Fujian, yesThe hidden pasta province of the South。The northerners have gone south to Fujian many times, and naturally they also miss the taste of their hometown, so they willWheat from his hometown and his habit of eating noodles were brought here
The scene of the autumn harvest in Nanping City, Fujian Province, is like the long river meandering.
EspeciallyDuring the Southern Song Dynasty, there are more and more northerners going south, and wheat fields have spread all over Fujian.
There are many styles of noodles in Quanzhou, such as lo noodles and sauerkraut noodles, and the most famous "noodles" are of coursePasteThe most amazing thing about this noodle is that it is eaten with a spoon.
Quanzhou Penghua "butt" noodles.
Noodles in Fujian have already broken through the restrictions of wheat and are more "Fujianese".
The noodle batter is a specialty of FujianThin noodle lineAnd the system, it is as thin as a hair, plusThicken with sweet potato flourIt is really like a "paste", thick and smooth.
The noodles are broken before they are cooked, so that they avoid sticking.
However, the "price" is that it can only be eaten with a spoon.
What's even more amazing about the noodle paste is its soup base, which looks unremarkable, but it takes a lot of effort to make. The soup base can be usedPork bones boiled, which can also be usedSeafood is boiled in brothThis soup has no fishy smell, only umami. This is the geographical advantage of Quanzhou backed by mountains and sea.
Be sure to add white wine after cooking! It's called an authentic tunnel.
Source: Station B @ grass grass salt said honey.
The ingredients of the noodle batter are quite rich, chicken, duck and goose ribs are all standard, and there are all kinds of marinated boiling, or even notThere is a lack of oysters, razor clams, and squidThis type of seafood.
It can also be matchedFritters, water chestnut crisp, Quanzhou vinegar meatWait a minute. This big bowl is a meat lover's ecstasy!
Noodles batter and radish cake start the day of Quanzhou people.
Some people also jokingly say that the noodle batter is not like noodles, but more like the Hokkien version of Hu spicy soup.
At its peak, Quanzhou not only had foreigners coming and going in commerce and ports, but also the food in Quanzhou also added exotic flavors. This point is everywhere in Quanzhou."Steakhouse"You can find out.
If you want to feel the fusion of Chinese and Western flavors, you only need a simple Quanzhou steak.
The steak of Quanzhou isBeef ribs, both with turmeric as the main flavorCurry powder, and againGarlic, ginger, star aniseand other traditional commonly used spices. The richness of the curry and the aroma of the teriyaki are skillfully combined, and the flavor is rich.
Beef noodle soup. The Arabs and Persians not only brought overseas goods, but also left the habit of eating beef in Quanzhou.
In our "food powerhouse", to:Duck-based dishIt is also a well-known highlight. There are places that like to smoke and roast, and there are places that like to stew.
Quanzhou also has its own "duck dish".Ginger duck。Mother Jiang is a local rightOld gingerThe name of the duck is mainly usedMuscovy duck
One hot and one cold collide with each other, making the ginger duck a dish with a mild temperament, nourishing but not greasy, warm but not dry.
What kind of sparks will the old ginger produce when he meets the muscovy duck? The aroma of ginger is integrated into every "pore" of Muscovy duck, and Muscovy duck is fragrant but not greasy; The aroma of muscovy duck dilutes the spicy ginger and smooths the edges and corners of the ginger.
Mother ginger and muscovy duck are equally delicious.
I haven't eaten it in QuanzhouJelly of bamboo shootsIt is equal to nothing. It sounds like a harmless delicacy, but it's wrapped insideTwo or three inches long worms, so that how many tourists stay away.
It looks like a worm like a bamboo shoot.
The main ingredient of this "bug" is:Sea earthworms, belonging to the phylum Zoa starworm,It is a kind of seafood in southern Fujian。The insect contains gum in its body, and after boiling, the gum melts into the water, cools, and coagulates into lumps, which look like crystal clear jelly.
There is no sauce and the taste is half less.
Don't be scared away by the appearance, the taste of bamboo shoot jelly is really amazing, and the insects inside are like bamboo shoots, and the taste is also like bamboo shootsCrispy, the outside of the freezingSoft and glutinous, dipped in sauce, it is even more delicious and sweet.
This is Quanzhou, whether it is the taste of the north, the characteristics of southern Fujian, or the taste of the exotic, you can find the answer here.