I've seen a sentence on the Internet before: Why can a fuel-powered car maintain a speed of 140 kilometers per hour, but an electric car cannot?
Of course, there are some electric vehicles that can run at such high speeds for a long time, but in general, any pure electric vehicle, no matter how large it is, can drive at a speed of 140 kilometers per hour for a long time. And some small electric cars are also driven like this, which is really stressful. I think there are two important reasons.
1. If the speed is too fast, it will reduce the driving speed.
As speed increases, so does the pressure on the vehicle to air resistance and wheel friction, which requires the engine and motor to provide more power to maintain speed. This inevitably leads to an increase in electricity and fuel consumption.
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This does not have any effect on gasoline cars, after all, the energy density of fuel is very high, and a full tank of fuel can run for a long time. In addition, at high speeds, the transmission can be adjusted to allow the engine to work in a wider load range, thereby improving thermal efficiency, so that even at high speeds, it will not have much impact on the range of the car.
But electric vehicles use electric motors, and most of them do not have a transmission, so at high speeds, the speed of the engine will get faster and faster. At this time, the power of the motor decreases and the power consumption increases. In addition, due to the low energy storage capacity of the battery pack, the acceleration speed will have a great impact on its endurance at high speeds.
2. The power system cannot withstand it
At a speed of 140 km/h, a car consumes about 35 kilowatts of electricity, which was not at all a problem in a gasoline family car of the same period. Even if it's a 1.The maximum engine output of the 2 L truck can also be as high as 60 kW, which is why it can work continuously. So, even if you keep going at 35 watts, you won't have any problems.
However, the motor of an electric vehicle can be overloaded for a long period of time, which is known as "overloading". For example, a motor with a power rating of 70 kW can have a maximum output of 125 kW. One electric motor, one 35 kW, up to 70 kW.
In this way, the manufacturer does not need to use such a large motor, normal driving is enough, and sometimes overtaking the acceleration can also overload the motor and get more power. However, after the speed reaches a certain level, the motor can no longer maintain this situation, because the motor, battery and electronic control system all heat up, causing the heat dissipation pressure to increase, and then the protection mode is activated.
However, on the highway in China, the maximum speed is only 120 km h, and the speed of 140 km h does not have much effect when driving in normal times, just let us understand the working principle of the engine.