This article is from "Nankai Sun Pharmacist", which is used for medical science popularization for reference. Coronary heart disease, that is, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, coronary arteries, also known as coronary arteries, is responsible for supplying blood to the heart of a set of arterial systems, atherosclerosis is said to have plaque on the walls of coronary arteries, coronary heart disease refers to the coronary arteries atherosclerosis, causing lumen narrowing or occlusion, resulting in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia and caused by heart disease, also called ischemic heart disease. Coronary heart disease is more common in middle-aged and elderly people over 40 years old, and the progression is faster after the age of 49, the onset of male heart disease is earlier than that of female, and the incidence rate is higher in economically developed areas.
Coronary heart disease is a chronic disease, it is the result of a combination of risk factors, such as age, gender, genetics and other immutable factors, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and other diseases, as well as smoking, obesity, overweight, poor eating habits and other lifestyle factors, control these risk factors, can prevent the progression of coronary heart disease, coronary heart disease patients should pay attention to:
Reasonable diet: control the total caloric intake of the diet, maintain an appropriate weight, prevent overweight and obesity, and control the body mass index (BMI) within the normal range of 20-24. Advocate a light diet, eat more fresh vegetables, melons and fruits and other foods rich in vitamin C and soy products and other foods rich in vegetable protein, edible oil to peanut oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and other vegetable oils, avoid animal offal, lard, roe, crab roe, egg yolk, cream, butter and other foods rich in animal fat and cholesterol, to a variety of lean meat, protein, poultry, fish, soy products and other low cholesterol, low animal fat is appropriate, it is strictly forbidden to overeat, so as not to induce angina pectoris or myocardial infarction, Patients with hypertension and heart failure should limit salt intake to no more than 6 g per day.
Advocate smoking cessation and alcohol restriction: Smoking can promote the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease, and passive smoking is also a risk factor, so patients with coronary heart disease should quit smoking and avoid passive smoking. Although drinking a small amount of low-alcohol alcohol can raise HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol) levels, excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of fatty liver, pancreatitis, hypoglycemia and even malignancy.
Appropriate physical labor and physical activities: patients with coronary heart disease should appropriately participate in certain physical labor and physical activities, which help prevent obesity, exercise cardiopulmonary function, regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, delay the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease, and physical activities should be based on moderate-intensity exercise, such as brisk walking, jogging, table tennis, tai chi, swimming, cycling, etc., in order not to increase the burden on the heart and not cause discomfort as the principle, step by step, should not be reluctant to do strenuous exercise, 30 minutes to 1 hour a day, can be divided into times.
Actively control chronic diseases: actively control chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity, and maintain blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids, and body weight.
Arrange work and life reasonably: live a regular life, maintain an optimistic mood, avoid emotional agitation and overwork, maintain sufficient sleep, and combine work and rest.
Carry out drugs**: coronary heart disease is a preventable and treatable chronic disease, lifestyle intervention should run through the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, if necessary, under the guidance of a doctor to carry out drugs**, commonly used drugs are statins, fibrates, niacin lipid regulators and aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor and other antiplatelet drugs, through reasonable prevention and treatment, can delay and prevent the progression of the lesion, and even reverse and regress, does not affect normal life and work.