Chen Duxiu's last words If a wife remarries, she must not sell her name
On May 27, 1942, Chen Duxiu died of illness in a simple house in Jiangjin, Sichuan, at the age of 63. When he was dying, he said to his wife Pan Lanzhen: "There is nothing to be afraid of death, Yannian and Qiao Nian have left me, and what I miss the most is you."
Over the years, you have suffered a lot with me, and I feel deeply guilty. Pan Lanzhen, who was on the side, said with tears in her eyes: "Sir, I am as lonely as a weed on the side of the road, thanks to Mr. who does not dislike it and can serve you, I am satisfied!" ”
Mr. Chen Duxiu left his wife Pan Lanzhen two wills, and Pan Lanzhen tearfully agreed. So what did Chen Duxiu say to his wife? What happened to Pan Lanzhen? Chen Duxiu was born in the last years of the Qing Dynasty, young and intelligent, and was admitted to Xiucai at the age of 17.
Although he tried and failed repeatedly, he did not give up, but embarked on the revolutionary road of anti-Qing Dynasty, went to Japan to study, accepted new ideas, led the "New Culture Movement", and founded the Communist Party of China, becoming an early leader.
Chen Duxiu's life was full of ups and downs, he was imprisoned many times, and he lived a life of exile. However, he has always maintained the style of a literati, does not bend his waist for five buckets of rice, is not afraid of the powerful, and has an iron backbone.
Although he was a great leader, he also had a tender side to his family and wife. Especially for his last wife, Pan Lanzhen, he felt full of guilt.
Chen Duxiu had three wives in his life. The original Gao Xiaolan was an arranged marriage by her parents, Chen Duxiu and Gao Xiaolan were together, and there was not much emotional exchange except for passing on the ancestry.
Gao Xiaolan is a very traditional woman, with her feet tied, which is very different from Chen Duxiu's lifestyle. However, as time went by, the relationship between the two gradually warmed up, and Gao Xiaolan gave birth to three children and a daughter for Chen Duxiu.
When Chen Duxiu was in high spirits, his aunt Gao Junman broke into his life and became his second wife. Gao Junman is Gao Xiaolan's half-sister, who was still a college student at Beijing Normal University at the time, and was full of admiration for her brother-in-law Chen Duxiu.
During the summer vacation, she came to her sister's house as a guest, and she and Chen Duxiu, who accepted new ideas, had endless words, and the common language made them talk. Gao Junman's appearance ignited the passion in Chen Duxiu's heart, causing him to elope with her despite the world and opposition, although they did not end up together.
The trivial life in their marriage consumed their passion, and they parted ways for various reasons. However, in 1930, Chen Duxiu was already middle-aged, and the hardships of life made him fall into a low point in his life.
He was the leader of the New Culture Movement, the commander-in-chief of the "May Fourth Movement" and the first general secretary of the Communist Party of China. However, he has now been removed from all positions in the party, his two best sons, Chen Yannian and Chen Qiaonian, died in the revolution, and his daughter, Chen Yuying, died of excessive grief and depression.
The loss of his son, daughter, and wife made him grief-stricken, and he wanted to cry without tears. He was also wanted by Kuomintang agents, and in order to take refuge, he assumed the name "Mr. Li", claiming to be from Nanjing, and went to live in seclusion in the slums of Xidehua Road in Shanghai.
At this low point in his life, another woman broke into his life and brought him a long-lost warmth. This woman is Pan Lanzhen, and she is also a hard-working woman.
Pan Lanzhen, a girl born in a poor family in Nantong, Jiangsu, suffered from the exploitation of feudal landlords since she was a child, and the family of five worked hard all year round but suffered from hunger.
When she was 4 years old, the flood destroyed her home, and her family fled to Shanghai to make a living.
At the age of fourteen, her parents sent her to work as a child laborer in a cotton mill in Shanghai, where she was ridiculed and ruthlessly exploited. At the age of seventeen, he was generous and generous, but he was harassed by the foreman, and because he couldn't resist his coercion and temptation, he succumbed and was ** by the foreman.
Soon after, she gave birth to a son who died tragically, and she fled the sad place in disheart and grief. However, Pan Lanzhen was not overwhelmed by the difficulties of life, and she continued to live with a strong will and an optimistic attitude.
She came to work for a tobacco company in Shanghai and rented a slum on Hill Wah Road, where she became neighbors with Chen Duxiu. Once, Chen Duxiu fell ill on the side of the road, and Pan Lanzhen sent him to the hospital**, and gradually became familiar with Chen Duxiu.
Chen Duxiu was attracted by Pan Lanzhen's kindness and gentleness, and the two met because of this. With each other's care and help, the relationship between the two deepened day by day, and eventually developed into a cohabitation relationship.
Although her life is full of difficulties and challenges, she has always been resilient and has a positive attitude towards life, and her story also inspires us to face life's difficulties and persist in pursuing our own happiness.
Pan Lanzhen is a virtuous and virtuous woman who works hard to support her family during the day and takes care of the daily life of a woman named "Mr. Li" at night. This Mr. Li, dressed plainly, lived a simple life, rarely went out, and devoted himself to writing books and speaking at home.
At first, Pan Lanzhen didn't know his true identity and didn't ask too much. However, as time went on, they gradually became friends, and Mr. Li taught Pan Lanzhen to read and write in his spare time, and she was very clever and could understand a little, and the exchange of ideas between the two deepened day by day, and they lived a quiet and harmonious life.
After two years of getting along, Pan Lanzhen was not pregnant, but after obtaining the consent of her husband Chen Duxiu, they adopted a daughter named Pan Fengxian. The family of three is happy, but as time goes on, they often quarrel over the issue of raising their children.
One day, Pan Lanzhen returned to her parents' house with her daughter after a quarrel. A few days later, when she returned to their rented place again, she was surprised to find that Mr. Li had left without saying goodbye, leaving her alone to grieve alone.
Until one day, she saw Mr. Li's ** in the newspaper, it turned out that he was the famous Chen Duxiu, and he had been arrested by the Kuomintang and brought to Nanjing. When Pan Lanzhen learned of her husband's whereabouts, she did not blame him for not saying goodbye, but immediately quit her job, settled her daughter, and went to Nanjing to find him.
After many twists and turns, she finally found Chen Duxiu in Nanjing, and he was surprised and delighted by her appearance. Although he knew that he might never see her again, he was deeply touched to see her in prison.
The two looked at each other with tears in their eyes, and Chen Duxiu told her to leave Nanjing and return to Shanghai, but Pan Lanzhen rejected his suggestion and chose to stay and take care of him.
She didn't answer, just nodded silently, and left the prison to continue taking care of her husband and daughter.
After being released from prison, Chen Duxiu lived in a hut next to the prison, accompanied by Pan Lanzhen. In order to make a living, Pan Lanzhen worked odd jobs to take care of Chen Duxiu. Pan Lanzhen's company made Chen Duxiu feel the warmth of home in prison, and also made him feel deeply guilty and soothed.
While in prison, Chen Duxiu began to write literature, and Pan Lanzhen became his assistant and a bridge to the outside world. Despite all kinds of co-optation, Chen Duxiu has always insisted on his high level.
Fortunately, when the Japanese bombed the city of Nanjing in 1937, he escaped by hiding under a table. Under pressure from all sides, Chen Duxiu was released from prison, and Pan Lanzhen also accompanied him for five years.
After being released from prison, Chen Duxiu immediately made public his relationship with Pan Lanzhen, and Pan Lanzhen got a little comfort from years of dedication.
After Chen Duxiu and Pan Lanzhen were released from prison, they chose to take refuge in the Jiangjin area of Sichuan Province along the river. Their first stop was to visit Chen Duxiu's good friend Deng Zhongchun, but the results were not satisfactory.
Under Mrs. Deng's cynicism, Chen Duxiu and his wife had to leave the Deng family. After many searches, they rented a stone wall courtyard in Heshanping, a remote area of Jiangjin, and lived in seclusion, spending the last four years of his life.
Despite the difficult environment, Chen Duxiu always adhered to his beliefs and became an important figure in modern Chinese history.
In 1938, during the Anti-Japanese War, Chen Songnian fled with his family from Anqing to Jiangjin and defected to his father, who was sick. Although Chen Duxiu was sick, he was very eager to fill the family affection, and his wife Pan Lanzhen did her best to serve his mother Xie on his behalf in order to take care of him, and she also took care of the firewood, rice, oil and salt at home.
In order to make ends meet, Pan Lanzhen even pawned hand-made accessories to subsidize the family. However, Chen Duxiu's attitude towards life is completely different, he would rather starve to death than use the special "manuscript fee", because it is the manuscript fee for the "Primary School Literacy Textbook" he wrote while in prison, and he has always insisted on his own views on the title of the book.
Although he was talented and influential, he refused the ** Houlu offered by Chiang Kai-shek, and also refused to return to Yan'an to work in the party. Perhaps, Chen Duxiu in his later years has looked down on the honor and disgrace and fame in the world, and just wants to spend time with his family.
However, the disease eventually attacked him, and before he died, he told Pan Lanzhen to live independently, and if there was a suitable person, she could remarry and spend the rest of her life in peace.
At the same time, he also stressed that the money sent by the Ministry of Education should not be used and his reputation could not be used to sell for money. On May 27, 1942, Chen Duxiu died of illness in Jiangjin, and his last words made Pan Lanzhen tearfully agree.
At Chen Duxiu's funeral, Pan Lanzhen, who was 29 years younger than him, was in pain and couldn't cry, which shows her deep feelings for Chen Duxiu. After taking care of Chen Duxiu's funeral, Pan Lanzhen found a job in Sichuan in accordance with his will and supported herself.
It was not until after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War that she returned to Shanghai to work. However, as ill as fate would have it, she died of cervical cancer in 1949 at the age of 41. Many years later, Chen Songnian, who was 2 years younger than her stepmother, said that Pan Lanzhen's deep affection for Chen Duxiu and her contribution to the Chen family were also the best evaluation of her: "She took good care of my father, and my father's old age depended on her.
She is usually quiet and neat. We treated her with great respect and my children called her grandma like a mother. ”