The origin of the Mongolian people, in the earliest historical literary work "The Secret History of Mongolia", there is a mysterious legend. Legend has it that a pale male wolf and a white doe were born on earth by the order of heaven, and they crossed the Tengjisi River together, and came to the source of the river, in front of the Buerhan Mountain, and began their reproduction. This Bata Chihan is recognized as the ancestor of the Mongols.
However, scholars are not satisfied with this, and they try to interpret the legend from various angles. Some scholars have speculated that the Mongols may have been a mixture of the Murwei and Turkic peoples. This speculation is not unfounded, because in the historical literature work of West Asia, the Historical Collection, another legend about the origin of the Mongols is recorded, called the "Legend of the Iron Worker". According to this legend, the Mongols initially lived in the steep mountains of Ergunekun, and later, due to population growth, they decided to look for a new place to live. They found a place rich in iron ore, smelted molten iron, and cast a path to the grassland. They migrated along this road to the steppe.
In addition, the Mongols are often referred to as Tatars in ancient Chinese texts. As a result, some Chinese scholars have put forward a theory that Tatar is a general term for the large and small tribes of the Mongolian steppe, including the same ethnic origin, speaking different dialects, and each with its own name. The larger of these tribes include the Turkic and Murwei tribes. Later, the newly formed Mongol tribe rose to become the most powerful tribe among the Tatar tribes and gradually replaced the Tatar name. It can be seen that the Mongols may have originally come from the Murwei tribe, and in the course of history, they gradually integrated into the Tatar family.
In addition to the above legends, the origin of the Mongolian people can be traced back to the ancient Donghu Mengwu Murwei tribe. Based on historical documents and archaeological sources, we can give a detailed explanation of its origin.
The ancient Mughal Murwe tribe:
By the 7th century AD, the name of Mughul had appeared in Tang dynasty texts. At that time, they were active at the northern end of the Great Khing'an Mountains in the lower reaches of the Ergun River, living a half-hunting, half-nomadic clan society.
This tribe has a strong bond with horses, which are their companions and important tools for hunting and herding. Their dwelling was a car tent, a movable dwelling that was perfect for their nomadic life.
Migration & Development:
Around the 9th century AD, the Mughul moved west from the Erguna River and arrived at the Bhuerhan Mountains at the source of the Hannan River. This migration may be in search of better pastures and resources, or it may be to escape some natural disaster or external threat.
During the migration, the Mughal Murwe tribe may have had contact and exchange with other tribes or ethnic groups, which contributed to their cultural and social development.
External Influence and Domination:
After the Tang Dynasty, the Mengwu Murwei was successively under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty and the nomadic tribes of Mobei. This external influence may have led to changes in their social organization, political system, and cultural practices.
During this time, the language of the Mughul Murves may have been mixed with a large number of Turkic vocabulary, reflecting their communication and integration with other peoples.
The Rise of the Mongol Ministry:
By the Liao Dynasty, the Mongol tribe had gradually become stronger, and many tribes had branched out. Among them, the Beggar Bo'er Jin clan is the direct ancestor of Genghis Khan's family.
In 1189 A.D., the nobles of the Qiyan tribe elected Temujin as their leader. From then on, the Mongol tribes began to rise, and after eighteen years of fierce warfare, they finally unified the Mongol tribes in the eastern steppe.
Genghis Khan and the establishment of the Mongol Khanate:
In 1206 A.D., at the Kuleri Terrace held at the source of the Hannan River, Temujin was elected by the ministries as Genghis Khan, which means "the Great Khan of the sea". This marked the establishment of the Mongol Khanate and the formal formation of the Mongols as a completely new people.
In summary, the origin of the Mongols was a complex and lengthy process that involved the migration, exchange, integration, and warfare of multiple tribes. In the process, the Monghul tribe gradually grew and eventually formed a distinct ethnic group, the Mongols.