Among the many measures for high-yield peanut cultivation, there is one that is often overlooked by growers, and that is ridge planting. However, some people think that flat land planting is not much different from ridge planting, the root system is grown in the soil, as long as the soil is fertile, flat land planting will achieve high yields, and there are indeed examples of flat land planting to achieve high yields. So, is there a difference between the two planting methods?
First, the benefits of planting.
1. Increase the light-receiving surface and improve the soil temperature: after ridge formation, the surface receives light on three sides, due to the loose soil on the ridge and sufficient pore air, it is easy to absorb solar heat and improve the ground temperature, which is conducive to the germination of peanuts and the growth and development of fruit needles into the soil and pods. According to the experiment, the average daily ground temperature of ridged peanuts increased by 1About 7 degrees, early emergence of seedlings 2 3 days, seedling stage accumulated temperature increased by 40 50 degrees, seedlings grow robust.
2. Thickening the mature soil layer is conducive to the expansion of needles and pods: peanuts are the characteristics of flowering on the ground and pods underground, and the fruit needles are in the soil, the pods are expanded, the root system grows, the reproduction of rhizobia and nitrogen fixation activities all require a loose soil environment. Ridge planting increases the cooked soil layer by more than 15 cm compared with flat planting, which provides a good soil environment for root growth and flower needle pricking, which is conducive to the expansion of pods.
3. It is conducive to light transmission and ventilation in the field, and improves yield and quality: ridge formation can make the ground higher than that of flat land planting, the curvature of the ridge surface increases the surface area, and the light-receiving area of the plant increases.
4. Conducive to drainage and irrigation, drought resistance and flood prevention: after ridge formation, a ditch is formed to facilitate drainage and irrigation, and the soil layer of the ridge body is thick to retain water and fertilizer, which has a drought-resistant effect.
Second, several key points of ridge planting.
1. Bottom moisture should be sufficient: before ridge formation, it is necessary to ensure that the soil has enough moisture, otherwise it is not conducive to the emergence of peanuts. In case of soil drought, moisture should be created before ridges, and watering should not be done after sowing.
2. Moderate ridge height: the ridge height should be 15 20 cm, too high or too low will have an adverse effect on growth. The ridge width is narrowed due to excessive ridge formation, which affects the downward pricking of fruit needles and reduces the number of effective needles. At the same time, it is not easy to compact under the ridge slope during mulching, which may cause strong winds to remove the film in spring. If the ridge is too low, it is not conducive to drainage, and it is easy to cause the film edge to be too long, and cover the ditch and affect the water infiltration.
3. Ridge width: ridge width depends on soil fertility, variety, density and film width, generally medium fertility planting early-maturing peanut varieties, ridge width 80-85 cm, ditch 30 cm, ridge surface 50-55 cm, medium and high fertility planting late-maturing large peanut varieties can be used ridge width 85-90 cm, ditch 30 cm, ridge surface 55-60 cm.
4. The ridge surface should be flat: the ridge surface should be compacted and flattened when ridge is formed to ensure that there is no large soil block, which is conducive to the film spreading, and the film surface is close to the ridge surface, which is conducive to the maintenance of temperature and humidity, and can solve the problem of peanut fruit needle landing slope.
3. Two planting methods to choose from.
The above are the benefits of ridge planting and the method of ridge formation, which is the method used by most growers. However, ridge-free planting also has advantages, which can simplify the planting process, save labor, and can reduce the dependence on manpower, especially in areas with tight labor, saving investment. If your land is well-drained, sandy, well-sunny, has a low risk of pests and diseases, and you don't have enough human resources, ridge-free farming may be a suitable option if you want to reduce the cost of planting.
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