China's total territory is about 9.6 million square kilometers, and its land border is 220,000 kilometers and borders with 14 neighboring countries. These countries include regions such as East Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, and Russia, and they have different historical, cultural, and geographical ties with China. The situation of China's borders with these countries is detailed below.
First, China shares a border with Russia, which is the longest land border in the world. This border line is more than 4,300 kilometers long, most of which is located in the northeastern region. This border line was formed at the end of the 19th century through the signing of the Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing. China and Russia maintain good political and economic cooperation, and the two countries also have mutually beneficial relations.
Secondly, China shares a border with Mongolia, which is an important border line for China in the north. The 4,677-kilometre-long border is mostly located in China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Mongolia. China and Mongolia have had long-term contacts and exchanges in history, such as the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty and the compilation and dissemination of the Thirteen Classics, which are all important manifestations of friendly exchanges between China and Mongolia. At present, exchanges and cooperation between the two countries in the fields of economy, culture, and personnel exchanges are also constantly increasing.
Thirdly, China shares a border with North Korea, which is a border line in eastern China. The border is about 1,400 kilometers long and is mostly located in China's Jilin Province and North Korea. China and the DPRK have had many exchanges in history, such as the Korean mission during the Tang Dynasty and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, which are all proof of the friendly relations between China and the DPRK. In recent years, with the implementation of the DPRK's policy of opening up, the economic, trade and tourism cooperation between China and the DPRK has also been gradually promoted.
Fourth, China shares a border with Vietnam, which is a border line in southern China. The border is about 1,280 kilometres long and is mostly located in the provinces of Guangxi and Yunnan in China and the northern provinces of Vietnam. Although there have been disputes between China and Vietnam in the past, the cooperation between the two countries has now developed well. The economic and cultural exchanges between the two countries are getting closer and closer, and personnel exchanges and cultural exchanges are also being strengthened.
Secondly, China also shares borders with Nepal, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Laos, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan. These countries have different borders of varying lengths and different regional and historical and cultural backgrounds. On the whole, however, China has maintained good neighborly relations with these countries and has developed economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation.
China shares borders with 14 neighboring countries, all of which are inextricably linked in history, culture, and geography. The political and economic cooperation and exchanges of these countries are conducive to maintaining peace and stability in Asia and promoting common development and prosperity.