Yinxu, the first capital site of the late Shang Dynasty in the history of China that has been documented and confirmed by archaeological excavations and oracle bone inscriptions, is also the ancient capital site with the largest number of archaeological excavations and the longest duration in China. Not only that, the oracle bone inscription unearthed in Yinxu also pushed the history of Chinese letters upwards by about 1,000 years.
These brilliant marks are enough to make Yinxu known as the cradle of modern archaeology in China. Today, at the press conference held by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, there was another good news - this time it was not a new archaeological discovery, but the announcement of the opening of a new museum in Yinxu.
It is located on the shore of Huanshui in Anyang, Henan Province, across the river from the Yinxu Zongmiao Palace, and is the first major national archaeological museum to show the Shang civilization in a panoramic way. The exhibition focuses on the theme of Shang civilization, including three parts: "Exploring Shang Civilization", "Great Shang Civilization" and "World Shang Civilization", clarifying the development of Shang civilization and explaining the world significance of Shang civilization.
What design features does the new building embody? What important cultural relics will be on display in the museum? What new technologies are being used in the museum? An article for you to in-depth science popularization.
Focus 1: What are the characteristics and concepts reflected in the design of the new museum?
In terms of architectural design, the new museum has been solicited and selected from all over the world, and the design scheme of Academician He Jingtang of South China University of Technology has been adopted, with the "Ode to Poetry and Business" as the source, and the green grass platform, the earth, the layered and deep, and the bronze wrapping as the shape, and the green, low-carbon, and sustainable development model as the key, forming a "Chinese model and civilization temple" with the cultural connotation and archaeological significance of Yinxu.
In terms of exhibition layout, focusing on the theme of "The Great Shang Civilization", there are 3 basic exhibitions, 4 special exhibitions and 1 special immersive digital exhibition, which comprehensively explain the prosperous urban civilization, perfect ritual and music civilization, developed bronze civilization, splendid writing civilization and superb handicraft technology of the Shang Dynasty from multiple perspectives such as the history of the Shang Dynasty, oracle bones, archaeological history, and the world spread of the Shang civilization.
In terms of formal design, with solemnity and atmosphere as the basic follow, digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and multi-** are widely used to give cultural relics, documents, oracle bone records and other new expressions of the times, improve the breadth, depth and accuracy of the panoramic display of Shang civilization, and build an interactive place for cultural relics, history and digital virtual space. For example, Anyang has more than 20 precious cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty, such as Duling Fangding in Zhengzhou, Yaugu Bronze Yue in Subutun, Shandong, Siyang Fangzun in Ningxiang, Hunan, and kneeling jade in Yinxu Women's Tomb, which are perfectly presented in the same space through naked-eye 3D technology.
Focus 2: Which artifacts and archaeological finds in the museum are on display for the first time?
The exhibition hall of the new Yinxu Museum covers an area of about 220,000 square meters, will display nearly 4,000 sets of bronze, pottery, jade, oracle bones and other cultural relics. The number of cultural relics on display and the complete types of cultural relics on display are the largest in the exhibition of cultural relics of the Shang Dynasty. More than three-quarters of the precious artifacts are on display for the first time, and a series of new archaeological findings are on display for the first time.
For example, the bronzes of the middle Shang Dynasty are displayed in a concentrated manner, the burial artifacts such as the Yaji Tomb and the Mawei Tomb are displayed in groups, and the oracle bones unearthed from the H3 oracle bone cellar pit in the east of Zhuangdong in the garden are displayed in a concentrated manner; There are also all the cultural relics unearthed from the tomb of Yachang (zhang), through multidisciplinary research and scientific and technological archaeological means, to restore the life of the general of the Shang Dynasty three thousand years ago; This time, 23 carriages unearthed in Yinxu were also displayed, showing the spectacular scene of chariots and horses at that time. A large number of exquisite cultural relics show the heyday of the bronze civilization more than 3,000 years ago from different angles, and also allow the audience to experience the ingenious technology and craftsmanship of the Shang Dynasty up close.
Focus 3: How to continue to build Yinxu Museum into a world-class museum?
More than 90% of the cultural relics on display in the new Yinxu Museum are excavated by the Anyang team of the Institute of Archaeology since the spring of 1950. The cultural relics mainly displayed in the exhibition hall of "Great Shang Civilization" include all the categories of cultural relics known to Yinxu at present, especially the cultural relics that reflect the new results of archaeological excavations in Yinxu in the past 20 years, most of which are exhibited for the first time; Based on the archaeological characteristics of the Yinxu site, the relics exhibition represented by the carriage and horse pit is the feature and highlight of the Yinxu Museum. The two thematic exhibitions of "Who is the Son" and "Where Does the Elder Come From" with character stories as the main line vividly and meticulously reproduce the characters of more than 3,000 years ago; With the exploration of Shang civilization as the main line, the exhibition hall "Exploring Shang Civilization" reproduces the unremitting efforts made by several generations of archaeologists to explore Shang civilization in the past hundred years.
At present, the Yinxu Museum has met the conditions for opening to the public, but the related work is far from over. In the future, Yinxu Museum will continue to work hard in several aspects: in view of the current shortcomings, continue to improve the museum's exhibition work, and accelerate the protection and display of soil cultural relics represented by Che Ma Keng; Make full use of the museum's refined archaeological laboratory to carry out laboratory archaeology, and at the same time display the laboratory archaeological work to the public; Carry out benign interaction with top museums at home and abroad, create high-level original boutique exhibitions, and promote Yin Shang civilization; Tell the story of Yinxu and China, further strengthen the research and interpretation of Yin Shang culture, and display the latest archaeological excavations and research results in a timely manner.
Focus 4: What are the innovative features of the new museum in terms of visitor services?
The new Yinxu Museum is not only a gathering place for the display and protection of precious cultural relics, but also a "living carrier" for the inheritance and innovation of excellent traditional culture. Focusing on improving the experience of entering the museum, Anyang has comprehensively improved the professional service ability of the museum.
Among them, the new museum has introduced 11 high-level talents majoring in culture and archaeology from "double first-class" universities, recruited 40 professional docents, and recruited 100 museum volunteers; Carry out expert teaching, inspection and observation, cadre training, etc., and train more than 200 people in the hall; Research and development of Yinxu IP cultural and creative products 9 series of more than 150 varieties, covering clothing, food, housing and transportation, so that the "great business civilization" can be recognized, experienced, shared, portable, and applied. At the same time, the surrounding environment of the museum has been optimized, and the service guarantee system for visitors' arrival, accommodation, and transportation has been improved, so that warm and thoughtful services can run through the whole process of the museum's operation.
Focus 5: How to purchase tickets and make reservations after the opening of the new museum?
The new Yinxu Museum will open to the public on February 26. Tickets are available for admission to the new building. In accordance with the "Henan Provincial Tourism Regulations" and relevant national laws and regulations, the policy of free and reduced tickets will be implemented for specific objects: half price for people's teachers, minors under the age of 18 and full-time college and secondary school students; Active-duty soldiers, people's police, fire and rescue personnel, revolutionary disabled soldiers, height 1Children under 4 meters, seniors over 60 years old, and disabled people can enter the museum free of charge with relevant certificates.
Yinxu Museum has opened an online reservation window service platform, and adopted a time-staggered peak and limited flow visit method to meet the needs of more tourists. Yinxu Museum ticket reservation provides individual reservation and group reservation, both of which adopt a real-name system. Tickets can be reserved online through "Yinxu Museum" WeChat***Official** and Yinxu Scenic Area***. After the reservation is successful, save the reservation*** as the admission voucher, and enter the museum with your ID card. When making group reservations, a unified social credit must be provided**. Visitors with documents other than passports, household registers, and other ID cards can pick up tickets through the manual window. For specific details, please pay attention to the "Yinxu Museum" WeChat*** and official**.
Opening hours: 8:30-17:30 (ticket sales stop at 16:30), all year round (except for temporary announcements). From 8 a.m. on February 22, the new building will be open to the public by appointment.
*: Bright.com.