Saint, a word of supreme praise for historical figures. As early as in ancient times, we respected 12 promising kings as saints, namely the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan Xu, Emperor Yu, Tang Yao, Yu Shun, Xia Yu, Gao Tao, Dayu, Shang Tang, King Wen of Zhou, King Wu of Zhou, and Duke of Zhou.
China has been a model of ancestor worship since ancient times, we have some historical merits and for the founding of a group of celebrities are revered as saints, so since ancient times, we have countless saints, by all walks of life worship, as long as you are engaged in a more traditional industry in the land of China, you can basically find the corresponding saints, and then we will learn about dozens of saints in Chinese history.
1. Confucius. Confucius is revered as the most holy, and it is recorded in the Book of Rites that only the most holy in the world is to be wise and wise, enough to have a presence. Because the Confucianism founded by Confucius had too great an impact on Chinese history, he basically framed the moral norms and thinking patterns of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, especially in the Ming and Qing dynasties, Confucianism was deeply rooted in the bones of all Chinese people, and Confucius also became the founder of Chinese civilization.
2, Lao Tzu. As the founder of Taoism, the most important religion in our country, Lao Tzu is known as the founder of China's ancient philosophy, so he is known as the Great Sage, and its theory of existence and absence is an important beginning of China's philosophy, Lao Tzu's ideas of ruling by inaction, things must be opposed, and existence and non-existence have profoundly influenced the concept of Chinese's life, and are an indispensable part of governing the country and being a man in the history of our country, Taoism and Confucianism complement each other and jointly support the development of China's traditional cultural world, plus Lao Tzu as one of Confucius's teachers, In order to highlight its status, it is revered as a great sage.
3. Huineng. There is a saint in the history of our country, and Lao Tzu and Confucius together called the "three sages of the East", although its popularity is far from the first two, and China's ancient thought as early as the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties began to unite the three religions, especially in the Tang and Song dynasties, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism three religions in one, so Chinese Zen Buddhism has become an important part, and the early Tang Dynasty Hui Neng, as an outstanding master of Zen Buddhism, is also respected as a saint.
4. Mencius. As the culmination of Confucian culture, it inherited and developed Confucianism, injected philosophical theories such as speculation into Confucianism, and established a political ideological system based on "people-oriented", which played an important role in the development of Chinese history.
5, Du Fu. Du Fu as the norm of the style of rhythmic poetry in the history of our country, is the most important influence in the history of the development of classical Chinese poetry, his poetry expanded the scope of poetry, is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style, Du Fu's works are quite realistic, known as the world's devastation, the sage in the poem, Du Fu is also respected as the poet saint.
6, Guan Yu. Guan Yu, with the glorious image in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and folk opera and other works of art, has a high image in the folk, in fact, the first martial saint was Jiang Ziya, but because Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the martial temple, Jiang Ziya's status declined, and Guan Yu's status soared in the folk, and in the Wanli period at the end of the Ming Dynasty, he became a new generation of martial saints.
7, Li Shizhen, Sun Simiao.
In Chinese history, there are two sages in the medicinal materials section, one is Sun Simiao, a famous doctor who became famous in the Tang Dynasty, compiled and completed the "Preparation for Emergencies and Thousands of Golden Wings", and more importantly, presided over the completion of the "Tang New Materia Medica". Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty traveled all over the mountains and rivers and compiled the "Compendium of Materia Medica", which is known as the ancient pharmaceutical encyclopedia, so Li Shizhen and Sun Simiao are respected as medicine saints.
8, Wang Xizhi.
In the history of China, there are many calligraphers, Wang Xizhi may not be the best one, but he is an important artist of calligraphy reform, Wang Xizhi can not only be proficient in calligraphy, set the masterpiece of calligraphy at that time, but also because it can become a family, creating a unique style of Wang School of calligraphy, since Wang Xi, calligraphy began to diversify the development, so Wang Xizhi is respected as a saint of calligraphy!
9, Ouyang Xiu.
Ouyang Xiu, who is known as "the hope of the three dynasties of the cause and the teacher of the article for a hundred generations", was the leader of the poetry and literary innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was listed as the "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" and the "Four Masters of Ancient Articles".
10, Sun Wu.
As the author of Sun Tzu's Art of War, Sun Wu wrote China's first surviving art of war, and discussed the way of using soldiers in a dialectical way, so he was revered as a saint of war.
11, Wu Daozi.
Wu Daozi as the most famous painter of the Tang Dynasty, learned sword dancing and calligraphy, and finally found the true meaning in painting, because the reputation is very good, so he was called into the palace by Tang Xuanzong to paint, and finally grew into a generation of painting saints, his paintings reformed the traditional painting school, with a expressive brush, painted a thousand years of pen flowers.
12, Lu Yu.
Tea, as a popular drink in the world, is an important totem of Chinese civilization, and the life of the Chinese people has been accompanied by thousands of years, tea culture has a long history, Tang Dynasty Lu Yu with a book of tea, made outstanding contributions to the development of the world's tea industry, so it is respected as the tea saint.
13, Du Kang.
Wine is also the most common drink in the world, and legend has it that wine was invented by Du Kang, the monarch of the Xia Dynasty, and later generations regarded Du Kang as the ancestor of the winemaking industry, so he was revered as a wine saint.
14, Zhang Zhongjing, Wan Mizhai.
Zhang Zhongjing, who was born in the troubled times at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, practiced his medical skills under the epidemic that swept the world, and summed up his experience and wrote the masterpiece "Treatise on Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases", which established the principle of "syndrome differentiation and treatment", which is the basic principle of clinical practice of Chinese medicine, and it is the soul of Chinese medicine, so he is respected as a medical saint.
As a medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, Wan Mizhai has a good reputation for pediatrics and acne rash, especially in pediatrics and pox, and has unique features in the theory and practice of health care, and was later respected as a medical saint by Kangxi.
15, Guan Hanqing.
As the head of the four masters of Yuan opera, Guan Hanqing satirized the times with opera, especially "Dou E's Injustice", which vividly depicted the political darkness in the late Yuan Dynasty.
16, Su Shi.
Song Ci, as another literary peak after Tang poetry, the most representative figure is naturally Su Shi, the first genius of the Northern Song Dynasty, who has made high achievements in poetry, poetry, literature, calligraphy, painting, etc. A comprehensive reform was carried out on the style of words, and finally broke through the traditional pattern of the word "Yanke" and improved the literary status of the word, so Su Shi was respected as the saint of words.
17, Yan Ziqing, Ma Suiming.
Go, as one of the oldest and most complex intellectual game activities in ancient China, has a far-reaching impact on East Asian culture.
18, Li Gui Year.
Li Guinian, the most famous ** family in the Tang Dynasty, because he received the appreciation of Tang Xuanzong, he has performed in the palace for many years, and because of his superb skills, he was appreciated by the people of the world, so he was respected as a music saint at that time.
19, Sima Qian.
Historical records are a masterpiece of historiography written from the era of the emperor of ancient legends to the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and its style of historical books has an important impact on historiography and literature, because the "Historical Records" can be written into a book through ancient and modern times, opening precedents and setting an example, so it has become a representative of the historiography community, and Sima Qian is also respected as a historical saint.
20, Liu Hong.
Liu Hong, a mathematician in the Eastern Han Dynasty, not only invented the abacus, but also studied the changes of celestial phenomena and put forward the theory of uneven motion of the moon, which is unique in the astronomical calendar.
21, Zisi.
As one of the five great sages of Confucianism, Zisi wrote "University", "The Mean" and "Notes on the Four Books" on the basis of the theories of Confucius and Zengzi.
22, Yan Hui.
As the head of the seventy-two sages of Confucius, Yan Hui spent his life practicing and putting Confucius's theories into practice, and played a pivotal role in the development of Confucianism, so he was revered as a revival.
23, Zengzi.
Zengzi, a Confucian sage, advocated loyalty and filial piety to govern the country, and his son Zeng Shen was also a Confucian **, writing "University", "Filial Piety Classic", "Zengzi Ten Articles", his ideas have important practical value, so he is respected as a sage.
24, Jiang Ziya, Guiguzi, Zhang Liang, Fan Li.
Since ancient times, there have been many strategists in all dynasties, the most famous of which are Jiang Ziya, who helped King Wu of Zhou to destroy Shang, Guiguzi, a legendary figure in the Warring States Period, Zhang Liang, who helped Liu Bang seize the world, and Fan Li, who helped Gou Jian to destroy Wu, are all respected as seeking saints, and Fan Li is also respected as a merchant saint because there are legendary stories in the folk.
25, Zhang Heng.
Zhang Heng, a famous scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, created the world's earliest armillary sphere and geodynamic instrument and other nine inventions and two scientific research achievements, he was proficient in astronomical calendar and arithmetic, and correctly explained the cause of the formation of the lunar eclipse, so he was respected as a sage.
26, Zhuge Liang, Dongfang Shuo
There are countless wise men in ancient China, and Zhuge Liang is respected as a wise sage because he is omnipotent in the folk script and the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and he is even more exhaustive; Dongfang Shuo is well-read and knowledgeable, can speak well, and is also known for his intelligence and intelligence in the Western Han Dynasty, and is also respected as a wise saint.
27, Zhang Xu.
Calligraphy not only has regular script and line calligraphy, but also more artistic cursive, its courage to innovate, in the inheritance of the predecessors' calligraphy achievements and innovation to make their own ** art in the Tang Dynasty reached a peak, so it is respected as the grass saint.
28, Zhou Gongdan.
Zhou Gong, as the founder of China's etiquette, formulated the Western Zhou Dynasty code system, as well as etiquette, is the founder of Chinese etiquette and music, and has had an important impact on later generations, so he is respected as the Yuan Sheng.
29, Zhu Zi.
Zhu Xi as the Southern Song Dynasty Confucian, is the master of science, its ideas have a very important influence on the Ming and Qing dynasties, is an important reliance on the Ming Dynasty, but also an important theoretical basis for the imperial examination, at that time Zhu Zi can even be juxtaposed with Confucius and Mencius, the Qing Dynasty sage ancestor Kangxi commented on its collection of great achievements and thousands of years of extinct learning, open the foolish and establish hundreds of millions of generations of a certain return, so he is respected as a saint.
30, Lu Ban.
As a carpenter, Luban is the pioneer of carpentry in China, and the mortise and tenon structure he created, drills, planers, shovels, curved rulers, ink fountains and other woodworking tools are concentrated in the wisdom of the working people, so he is respected as a wood saint.
31, Pei Min.
Pei Min, a famous swordsman in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, once guarded Beiping, and fought against the Xi people in the north, the Khitan and the Tubo in the west many times, and was respected as a sword saint because of his outstanding swordsmanship.
32, Yang Huizhi.
The art of carving, is also a stunt that has been passed down through the ages, in the early years to learn calligraphy and painting, and later felt inferior to Wu Daozi and others, and then specialized in sculpture, and eventually became the first in the world, so it is known as the plastic saint.
33, Cangjie, Xu Shen.
Huaxia script is the most special font in the world, which can both appear and sound, and Cangjie is revered as the inventor of Chinese characters, so it is called the character saint. Xu Shen wrote "Shuowen Jie Zi", which is the first dictionary in the history of Chinese Chinese literature to analyze the shape of characters, identify sound reading and explain the meaning of words, with 9,353 words and 1,163 heavy texts, a total of 10,516 words, which has a far-reaching influence, so it is also respected as a character saint.
34, Pu Songling.
Pu Songling, as the pinnacle writer in the ancient Chinese short story, is a pioneer of anti-feudalism and anti-imperial examinations because of his different contents, so Pu Songling is also respected as a ghost saint.
35, Wang Yangming.
Wang Yangming because of the three outstanding achievements of morality, speech, and meritorious service, in the Ming Dynasty is to create the study of the mind, the thought has deeply influenced the later generations, is regarded as a moral model, because of its immortal achievements, the master of the mind Wang Yangming is a generation of sages, so he is respected as the three immortal saints.