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In 1918, Mr. Lu Xun launched a public attack on an 11-year-old prodigy, to be precise, he did not attack the prodigy, but the father behind the prodigy.
The name of this child prodigy is calledJiang Xi Zhang, a person from Licheng, Shandong, he is calledThe first prodigy in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,It is said that when he was three years old, he could know more than 800 Chinese characters, memorize more than 100 Tang poems, and by the age of four, he could skillfully chant poems and write poems, and his poetry could catch up with ordinary adults.
In the last years of the Qing Dynasty, the governor of Shandong once strongly recommended him to enter Beijing to be a companion to Emperor Xuantong, who was one year older than him, and even Kang Youwei expressed his willingness to make an exception to accept him as an apprentice when he saw him. When Jiang Xizhang was seven years old, he wrote a set"Vernacular Commentary of the Four Books"., this book followed the wave of the New Culture Movement and instantly became a popular book at that time, rushing to the first place on the popular search list.
Judging from the current experience, Jiang Xizhang is indeed a highly talented person. However, behind all this is becauseJiang Xi ZhangFather JiangBellsXiu is very good at creating prodigies, Jiang Xizhang is just a character he made up.
Jiang Xizhang's father had already begun to take great pains to pack for him before he was born, it is said that before the birth of the child, he said that he met a beggar, and the beggar turned into a baby in front of him, and soon after his child was born, andbornJiang Xi ZhangIt is the reincarnation of Wu Xun
Wu Xun begged for several years, but he saved money and founded three schools, he was a great benevolent person respected by everyone in the society at that time, and he was also the name of a cultural person, so Jiang Xizhang has attracted much attention since he was born.
However, Mr. Lu Xun couldn't stand all this, and he talked about it in the articleNonsensewithScienceThe prodigy was criticized. In fact, Jiang Xizhang is not the first prodigy to be overpackaged, and it is not the last. China has never lacked prodigies since ancient timesThere are different types of prodigies in different periodsWhat happened to these prodigies? And why is this happening?
The so-called prodigies are actually some quilts** The little adultThey are children, but they can do things that only adults can do. China has a long history of prodigy worship since ancient times, and some people are not prodigies at all, but people are willing to believe that they are prodigies.
Most of the prodigies look the same, eitherExperience a legend, or just from a young ageSuperior intelligence. For example:It didn't take long for the Yellow Emperor to be able to speakBy the age of 15, he had achieved omniscience.
When the times changed, the appearance of the prodigy also changed, such as in the Warring States period, when the strategists needed a kind of strategySlightly typed prodigy,And so there it isThe story of Ganluo's 12-year-old official worship Shangqing.
However, Qing Dynasty historians have studied this period of history, and believe that the plot of the Qin State at that time taking the initiative to return the 30 cities of the Yan State captured by the Yan State and the Zhao State is not a historical fact, and the story of Ganluo is actually a fictional story of the Warring States Period when the Zongheng family added oil and vinegar and imposed the military exploits on a child.
By the time of the Han Dynasty, prodigy was no longer a title, but a person's future. Implemented in the Han DynastyProbation systemIt is an assessment system that selects talents from local ** in the local area and recommends them to superiors. Hence the emergenceLift the boy LangThat's what it isA way into the ranks for prodigies.
The more classic prodigies of the Han Dynasty areHole melting, Many of us have heard the story of Kong Rong Rang Pear, and another prodigy isCao Chong, The story of Cao Chong's elephant must be familiar to many people, but Cao Chong only lived to be thirteen years old. After Cao Chong died, Cao Pi ran to Cao Cao to comfort him, but Cao Cao said:It is my misfortune, but it is your luck.
In the Tang and Song dynasties, there was a children's department, The examination that children take is called the Ying Prodigy, and most of the prodigies also appeared in the imperial examination system of the Tang and Song dynasties, and a large number of prodigies can write poems, for exampleLuo Bing Wang,The "Song of the Goose" he wrote is also one of the earliest Tang poems that many people learned. When this poem was written, Luo Bingwang was only seven years old.
During the Song Dynasty, there was a tragedy of a prodigy, which is a classic we know well"Hurt Zhongyong". After the Yuan Dynasty, the momentum of the Tongzike gradually weakened, and in the Qing Dynasty, the Tongzike was completely abolished.
The little adults who have attracted attention since childhood are the inner expectations of countless parents, who all expect their children to be very smart from an early age, and in fact, all prodigies are a kind of sad birth that parents finally achieve by depriving their children of childhood and imposing their personal adult will on children. ，The emergence of the concept of child prodigy fundamentally directly negates the child's childhood.
French Enlightenment thinker RousseauHe is also very disgusted with the concept of prodigies, and he says that children should be like children, and if we disrupt this order, we will make someEarlyRipe fruitsthemIt grows neither plump nor sweet, and it rots quicklyThe prodigy created through the imagery of adults is actually a young doctor and an old child.
Write at the end:
Criticized by Mr. Lu XunJiang Xizhang is a very lucky prodigy。He was instilled with a lot of feudal dregs by his father since he was a child, but he himself was very disgusted with these knowledge, he became an atheist, his parents died one after another when he was in middle school, and finally in 1927, at the age of 20, he went to France to work and study with the ideal of saving the country through science and education, and was finally admittedStudied chemistry at the University of Paris
When he returned to China, he worked as an engineer in a chemical company in Shanghai, and became a well-known chemical expert in China after liberation, and that period in the last years of the Qing Dynasty, the prodigy that caused a sensation in the country in the early days was gradually forgotten, and after retirement, Jiang Xizhang lived in an old-fashioned Western-style building, living a simple life, he occasionally answered chemical problems to some young people, until 2004, the 97-year-old man passed away, and the story of the prodigy was not asked, What people remember is a scientific researcher who has clearly experienced most of his life to the country's industrial construction.
There are still all kinds of prodigies today, and we don't deny that some children are gifted from an early age, but weThere is no need for an over-marketed prodigy eraI hope that every child can have childhood, understand childhood, and enjoy childhood.