As an important equipment and facilities to protect the safety of building units and life and property, fire-fighting facilities should operate normally and effectively, so we ensure their normal function through daily maintenance and annual inspection and other measures, but in the prevention of cold wave weather to cause damage to fire-fighting facilities, many enterprises and institutions are not in place, especially some enterprises and institutions in the southern region, do not even have the awareness of cold prevention, resulting in a large area of paralysis of fire-fighting facilities.
For example, on January 19, 2016, the "Great Cold Wave of the Century" officially hit, and Siberia is preparing for a hegemon-level cold wave, and most of the country will open the "Ice Age Mode" from January 23 to 25. Shanghai, Nanjing and other places have encountered extreme cold weather that has not been encountered in 30 years, and fire-fighting facilities have been severely tested by rain, snow and freezing.
For another example, around New Year's Day in 2021, Shanghai, Nanjing and other places encountered extreme cold wave weather, with low temperatures reaching -7 -8 for many consecutive days, and the actual outdoor temperature in the suburbs of the city even reaching below -9, and fire protection facilities were tested by freezing weather.
The sudden attack of cold wave weather has led to large-scale damage to the fire-fighting facilities of enterprises in Shanghai and Nanjing in the Yangtze River Delta, especially the sprinklers, elbows, and resizers of the exposed wet sprinkler fire extinguishing system, the water outlet of the indoor fire hydrant, the water inlet valve of the outdoor fire pool, and the valve of the outdoor fire hydrant have been seriously damaged.
What is the reason for the fire protection facilities of enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta such as Shanghai and Nanjing to be paralyzed in a large area during the cold wave? There are two main reasons:
1) Design reasons, according to GB 50084-2017 "Code for the Design of Automatic Sprinkler Systems" 42.2 Ambient temperature.
Places with a degree of not less than 4 and no more than 70 should use a wet sprinkler system. For the Yangtze River Delta region, the historical average temperature is not lower than 4, so the wet sprinkler system is used in the design, but when the temperature is lower than 4, there is a danger of filling water and freezing in the pipe.
2) Management experience, many fire protection facilities management and maintenance personnel in the southern region lack experience in how to prevent fire protection facilities in severe cold weather.
According to recent meteorological information, 202312.From the 16th, another round of cold wave weather is coming, and it is already existing.
How to prevent the state of the system (such as wet sprinkler system, exposed fire pipe network, outdoor fire hydrant, etc.), the recommendations are as follows:
1) Establish an emergency response liaison team for fire-fighting facilities in cold wave weather to deal with the preliminary work deployment and emergency repair of emergencies (damage to fire-fighting facilities);
2) Check the outdoor (test) fire hydrant on the roof of the building, and take thermal insulation measures; In the test fire hydrant, a valve is added below the pressure gauge to empty the water of the pressure buffer pipe in advance;
3) Check the outdoor fire pool and the high-level fire water tank on the roof of the building, and the outdoor water inlet and drainage valves should be insulated, and it is recommended to empty the liquid using a glass level gauge;
4) Check the structure type of outdoor fire hydrant to ensure that the water in the valve is discharged through the drain valve. Take insulation measures for outdoor fire hydrants in individual areas (water in the valve body cannot be emptied);
5) Check the indoor fire hydrant pipe network and indoor sprinkler pipe network that are close to the outside and are easily affected by cold weather, and carry out thermal insulation treatment;
6) Close the logistics and fire shutter doors that are directly connected to the building, and the building doors and windows (including shutters), etc.;
7) For some indoor wet sprinklers or indoor fire hydrant pipe networks that cannot be insulated, the frequency of on-site personnel inspections can be increased, and the water in the pipe network can be emptied in advance.
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