Technological breakthroughs
science breakthrough
Plant Comm: an inducible CRISPR activation tool for plant regenerationGene editing
Plant Comm: Fast and efficient genetic transformation of plants without tissue cultureGenetic engineering
IJBM: a novel microbial-enzyme system for large-scale and efficient degradation of PETMicroorganisms
The Innovation Materials: Cellulose-based green hydrogel bindersBio-based new materials
BBB: Integrated biorefinery for the economical production of lignin oil and ethanolBio-based new materials
01 Technological breakthrough
Plant Comm: an inducible CRISPR activation tool for regenerating plant gene editing
SubjectSpecieswithGenotypeThe regeneration efficiency of most plants is relatively low, and it is urgent to develop some new tools to overcome technical difficulties to further improve the regeneration efficiency of plants. The College of Modern Agriculture of Peking University jointly passed the willXVE Induction SystemwithSuntag CRISPRA systemTogether, a set of phytochemically induced CRISPRA tools "er-tag" was developed. The team passedPrecise activation of genes related to endogenous tissue regeneration in plants, which improved the genetic transformation efficiency and regeneration efficiency of different monocotyledonous and dicot plants. This study expands the scope of application of plant CRISPR tools, which are not only limited to the field of plant regeneration, but may also be used in other biological processesPrecise regulation of genesto facilitate more in-depth research into gene function.
Original link:Plant Comm: Rapid and efficient genetic transformation of plants without tissue culture Genetic engineering
existingPlant genetic transformation protocolsComplex and inefficient, restricting most resources of plants or cropsGenetic modification。After years of exploration and research, researchers from the South China Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have successfully established a system based on the active regeneration ability of plantsNovel Plant Genetic Transformation Methods (RAPID).。The study utilized:Strong regenerative plant sweet potato, tested on a variety of delivery methods, and found to passSweet potato stem segment injection delivery methodAt the same time, the transformation efficiency was optimized and improved in terms of Agrobacterium strains, infection concentrations, chemical active agents and other methods, and a variety of reporter genes and gene editing tools were completed, which were subsequently confirmed by genetic and cytological analysisEfficient transfection of plant meristemsand the rapid regeneration of newly transformed organs, which are the fundamental reasons for the rapid and efficient acquisition of stable transgenic plants. At present, the RAPID method has been successfully applied to asexual reproduction of cash crops or resource plants such as sweet potato, potato, and thick vine. This technology is expected to be applied to a wider range of plant species, to achieve more characteristic resource plants and cash crops trait improvement and germplasm innovation, so as to promote the development of basic research and applied research in related fieldsEfficient genetic improvementwithModern agricultural breedingThe application provides theoretical and methodological support.
Original link:IJBM: Novel microbial-enzyme system for large-scale and efficient degradation of PET microorganisms
Some microorganisms are able to:Complete degradation of PET, but the efficiency is very low and the degradation rate is slow, and the industry has identified some ** thanPET hydrolase for microorganismsHowever, it is still not completely degraded and the degradation cost is high at this stage. The team of Wu Jing and Yan Zhengfei of Jiangnan University constructed a "thermophilic microbial-enzyme" system (TME) that can completely degrade PET based on the complementary advantages of microorganisms and enzymes360g/lImplemented at high PET load levels100% completely degradableIt provides an effective new strategy for large-scale degradation of PET in the future. The team isolated the biofilm of PET waste in the hot springsFive thermophilic PET-degrading microorganismsAn ideal thermophilic microorganism for co-degradation of PET with ICCG, Bacillus thermophilus jq3, was identified and screened to construct oneNovel thermophilic microbial-enzyme system (TME).and make a series of optimizations. The degradation pathway of this TME system consists of three potential steps, biofilm formation, PET degradation, and PET utilization. Due to the low cost of the system and the fact that it does not require pH regulation, it has obvious advantages in large-scale degradation of PET, and in addition, the degradation pathway of PET in this novel system is revealed and highlightedMicrobial-enzyme synergyThe importance of the matter.
Original link:The Innovation Materials: Cellulose-based green hydrogel adhesive Bio-based new material
CurrentHydrogel-based adhesivesMainly** inSynthetic polymer materialsIn order to promote green and sustainable development, it is urgent to develop a hydrogel-based adhesive based on natural materials. The researchers have come up with aOpen-loop-restore policyto prepare a full cellulose hydrogel and successfully apply itAdhesive field。Studies have shown that the adhesion mechanism of this all-cellulose hydrogel adhesive is mainlyIntermolecular hydrogen bondingandMechanical interlocks。Combined with density functional theory to simulate the hydrogen bonding between hydrogel and wood, the results show that the strategy can form a large number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and out-of-plane hydrogen bonds. At the same time, the adhesive exhibits strong adhesion to a wide variety of other substrates. This all-cellulose hydrogel adhesive is expected to be an alternativePetroleum-based polymersto lay the foundation for the development of biomass-based adhesives in the future.
Original link:BBB: Integrated biorefinery realizes the economic production of lignin oil and ethanol Bio-based new materials
At present, the development and utilization of lignin is still relatively lagging behind due to factors such as complex structure and uneven properties. The research team of the North Chemical Industry proposed aThe reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) process will be usedwithThe strategy of cascading fermentation processes, ieIntegrated biorefinery strategy, the team willReductive catalytic fractionationwithFermentation processCombine to add value to the lignin and carbohydrate components. The strategy can be usedPoplar sawdustEffectively translates toLignin oilwithBioethanol。The results showed that based on this integrated biorefining process, 1kg of poplar sawdust could produce 2065g lignin oil and 1044 g bioethanol,**579.6g RCF wood pulp。This work is effective for the fractionation and utilization of the three main components of poplar sawdust, namelyCelluloseHemicellulosewithLigninIt provides an economically viable method and also shows economical and large-scale productionSecond-generation bioethanolpotential.
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