After the Qing Dynasty closed itself off from the rest of the country, the Western capitalist countries completed the industrial revolution one after another, followed by colonization and aggression, and the world pattern is undergoing drastic changes. At this time, some countries began to target China with the spearhead of aggression, causing great harm to China and the Chinese people.
Six of them, in particular, have been committed to a situation that we will never forget. So what are these 6 countries? What did they do?
In the hearts of the Chinese people, the country that China cannot forgive is undoubtedly Japan. Since the Meiji Restoration, Japan has been plundering the resources of other countries and implementing colonial rule through foreign aggression.
The first overseas use of troops after the establishment of the Meiji ** was aimed at China. Japan sent troops to Taiwan in 1874 on the grounds that the Ryukyu feudal people were mistakenly killed, but the mediocrity of the Qing Dynasty led to the loss of China's status as the suzerainty of the Ryukyus and an indemnity of 500,000 taels of silver.
In 1879, Japan forcibly annexed the Ryukyus, a vassal state of China, and established Okinawa Prefecture, further encroaching on China's borders. Even in 1890, Japan openly put forward a "mainland policy" with aggression against China as the core, and deliberately provoked a war by taking advantage of the uprising of the Donghak Party in Korea.
In the First Sino-Japanese Naval Battle, the Qing Dynasty rushed to meet the battle, and as a result, the Beiyang Naval Division was annihilated, and Japan forced the Qing ** to sign the "Treaty of Shimonoseki". The treaty demanded that China cede the Liaodong Peninsula and Taiwan Province to Japan and pay huge indemnities.
The Treaty of Shimonoseki was the harshest unequal treaty imposed on China by imperialism in modern times, which further deepened the semi-colonial and semi-feudal degree of Chinese society.
This war convinced Japan that the Qing were weak and incompetent, and thus accelerated the pace of aggression against China. In 1931, Japan occupied the three northeastern provinces and established the puppet state of Manchukuo, using the influence of Pu Yi and others to manage the government affairs of the northeast.
During this period, Japan continued to transfer the resources of Tohoku to the country, and also moved a large number of Japanese residents to Tohoku, and promoted Japanese culture in Tohoku.
On the other side, the Japanese army marched into Shanhaiguan on a large scale, constantly expanding the scope of aggression and plundering more Chinese resources. By 1937, Japan was no longer satisfied with partial aggression and formulated a full-scale invasion plan, so that the iron hooves of the Japanese army were all over the country.
Japan's crimes against the lives and dignity of the Chinese people are more outrageous than the loss of land and resources. In the places where the Japanese army passed, ** incidents continued to occur.
The number of victims in Nanjing Da** exceeded 300,000, and no matter how old or young, they could not escape the poisonous hands of the Japanese army. There were even some Japanese officers who took pleasure in killing people as a form of glory.
What's even more cruel is that in order to obtain experimental data, Japan's Unit 731 used Chinese to conduct live experiments, even pregnant women and babies.
Some people have frozen to death, some have had their limbs cut off, and some have become stupid because of the ingestion of toxic substances, but Japan has never been held accountable for its actions. Before they surrendered, they decided to "burn all the materials as soon as possible" in order to escape sanctions.
They even disguised this aggression as a just war in order to confuse ignorant descendants. To this day, Japan has never repented of its crimes, and has even been deliberately obstructing China's development.
In this 9.6 million square kilometers of land, how many martyrs are buried underground for our happiness. Japan owes an apology to all the victims of the Japanese army's injuries, because for their crimes, we have no reason and no right to choose forgiveness for our ancestors.
In addition to Japan, the unforgivable country of our country is Portugal, which was the first to invade us. As early as the 15th century, Portugal became a beneficiary of the mercantile economy and seafaring, expanding its territory and extending its greedy tentacles into Asia.
When they were on an expedition to the Strait of Malacca, they began to collect reports on China's progress and were ready to invade China. To achieve their goal, they first made initial contact with China by selling goods on the shore through the fleet, and gave the Ming a first understanding of Portugal.
In 1513, the Portuguese erected stone pillars in Tuen Mun, at the mouth of the Pearl River in Guangdong, and left the mark of the Portuguese national coat of arms, and two years later they went further and entered the Pearl River to demonstrate.
In 1517, Portugal officially invaded Tuen Mun, they ignored the laws of the Ming Dynasty, burned, killed and looted, and did all kinds of evil, and were driven by the Ming Dynasty and then fled to Fujian, Zhejiang and other places to continue to make trouble.
The Shenzhen Museum recreates the history of the Battle of Tuen Mun.
Originally, the Portuguese tried to invade the Ming Dynasty, but failed, and instead resorted to bribery** to restore normal**, and took the opportunity to lease Macau. Since then, Macau has fallen into the hands of Portugal and has been used as a transit point, through which they can communicate with the world.
While Macao gained a lot of wealth, the Portuguese strengthened their military facilities, ignored Chinese laws, and harassed Chinese civilians and military officers at will, seriously endangering the safety of the Chinese people.
In particular, after the Portuguese Catholic Church entered Macao, it often used despicable means to lure children to Macao to join the Catholic Church. During the Qing Dynasty, Portugal took advantage of the harassment of the Qing Dynasty by foreign powers to force the Qing Dynasty to sign an unequal treaty, thus gaining the right to administer Macao.
During the 100 years that Portugal administered Macau, despite the wealth it had brought with it, it had seriously violated the sovereignty of our country. From the plunder and destruction during the Ming Dynasty to the century-long colonial rule, Portugal's colonial behavior has had a profound impact on our country.
Although Macau has returned, Portugal's centuries-old influence on China will not be easily erased, and this history will never be forgotten. In the same way, the Dutch also make us unforgivable, they did harm to China during the Ming Dynasty.
In 1601, the Dutch appeared in China's territorial waters in an aggressive manner, and did not carry their credentials or send envoys, and sent soldiers to the harbor of Macao in an attempt to force a landing.
The Ming navy put up a heroic resistance and thwarted the first Dutch attack. The Dutch, who had been defeated by the Spanish in the process of colonization, begged Canton** to allow them to do so**, but Canton** found out that they had evil intentions, so they sent people to keep a close watch, and only allowed them to play in Guangzhou for a month, and when the time came, they had to leave.
In the same year, Dutch ships discovered the Penghu Islands and tried to take them for themselves. However, the Ming Dynasty did not agree to the request of the Dutch, and also sent sailors to the Penghu Islands to drive away the Dutch, thus successfully preserving the Penghu Islands.
In 1622, the Dutch tried to occupy Macau, but failed under the resistance of our country, and instead invaded the Penghu Islands and forced the inhabitants of the islands to work for them, resulting in the death of 1,300 people.
The remaining Chinese did not return home safely, but were sold into slavery by the Dutch in other colonies.
The firm resistance of the Ming Dynasty succeeded in driving out the Dutch who were trying to occupy the Penghu Islands. However, in 1624, the Dutch launched another attack on the Penghu Islands, but this time also ended in failure.
After the defeat, the Dutch turned to attack Taiwan and obtained the qualification to go ashore by pretending to be pitiful. However, they did not stop there, but instead built a number of fortified batteries in Taiwan to continuously improve their military strength.
At the same time, they also targeted the local population, not only plundering a large number of treasures, but also wantonly humiliating the local people. In the process, people living in Taiwan were forced to pay all kinds of harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and were even forced to believe in ** religion.
For those who refused to cooperate, the Dutch exiled 298 women, 250 of whom starved to death, and only 48 were spared after agreeing to the ** religion.
At a time when China was suffering from internal and external troubles, the Netherlands, as an early capitalist country in Europe, invaded China in the name of the Eight-Nation Alliance, and forced the Qing Dynasty to sign an unequal treaty and partition 9800 million taels**.
Their aggression, from the occupation of the Penghu Islands to the colonization of Taiwan, and then to the Eight-Nation Alliance, brought great suffering to the colonial people and caused China huge losses, so it cannot be forgiven.
Similarly, Britain cannot be forgiven as the initiator of the opening of China's door by force and the beginning of China's modern history of humiliation. After the completion of the Industrial Revolution, Britain continued to strengthen its military power, and with its advanced ** rapid expansion, it soon turned India into its own colony.
In order to plunder the wealth of the Qing Dynasty and master this rich land, they actually adopted the method of large-scale opium smuggling to open the door of the Qing Dynasty. Marx once said, "The British opium ** is used to enrich the British treasury by destroying life and corrupting morality." ”
Then Britain launched the First Opium War, and China became fat in the eyes of the great powers. However, given China's vast territory and the intricacies of power in various regions, it is unrealistic to annex China alone.
To this end, Britain actively co-opted France and launched the Second Opium War. After these two Opium Wars, the Qing not only paid huge indemnities, but also lost a large amount of land.
However, the British were not satisfied with this, and once again enlisted the French to invade Beijing, which destroyed the Old Summer Palace and countless cultural relics were lost overseas.
As the first country to break the gates of the Qing Dynasty, Britain's actions set an example for other powers. In the many subsequent invasions, Britain played the role of the mastermind behind the scenes.
From a feudal society to a semi-colonial society, the Qing Dynasty gradually moved into the abyss, while the British grew rapidly on the wealth plundered in China. However, it is the hardworking people who pay the price for China.
For what Britain did, the Chinese cannot forget and will not forget. In recent history, Britain has committed too many crimes to enumerate, and France has always been in cahoots with Britain.
Especially after the First Opium War, France also began to invade China in order to obtain more benefits. Especially in the burning of the Old Summer Palace, France, as the main aggressor country, plundered many precious belongings and destroyed many cultural relics that could not be taken away.
In the two Opium Wars, France, like the British, succeeded in obtaining rights and interests in the Qing Dynasty, such as opening ports and agreeing tariffs, while also receiving huge indemnities. Subsequently, the French occupation of India enabled it to sign a number of unequal treaties with China, which included the three provinces of Canton Bay, Liangguang, and Yunnan as its sphere of influence.
In the lands occupied by France, the lives and property of the Chinese people were seriously threatened. In order to attract more Chinese to Catholicism, churches often distribute daily necessities free of charge and exaggerate the benefits of believing in religion to lure people who do not know the truth to join.
As a result, the number of Chinese people who believe in Catholicism has continued to rise, and the power of France has continued to grow, which has had a serious impact on the stability of Chinese society and the inheritance of Chinese culture.
Chinese missionaries.
China has suffered aggression and attacks from many countries in its history, and France is one of them. They plundered China's wealth, occupied China's land, and infiltrated the Chinese culture.
However, the tenacious struggle of the Chinese people eventually freed China from French influence. However, France has never reflected on their actions, and their crimes are so numerous that it is impossible for them to be forgiven by China.
Unlike other countries that invaded China, the United States, although it started late, has played an important role in China's century-long history of humiliation. During the First Opium War, the United States, as an ally of Britain, transported military supplies for Britain, supported Britain's aggression against China, and helped Britain oppress the Qing Dynasty.
During the Second Opium War, the United States further undermined China's sovereignty in its capacity as a "mediator." Despite this, the Chinese people have not been crushed, and they have proved China's strength and tenacity with their actions.
Today's China is no longer the country that allows others to be bullied, she has stood up, and she will always protect her territory and dignity.
Since modern times, the United States has repeatedly played the role of a "spoiler" and violated China's rights and interests. During the Second Opium War, he forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Sino-US Tianjin Treaty; After the First Sino-Japanese War, he promoted the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki; Subsequently, he joined the Eight-Nation Coalition to invade China and signed an unequal treaty; After the end of the Anti-Japanese War, he intervened in the Taiwan issue and supported Chiang Kai-shek's civil war; After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it provoked the Korean War in an attempt to encroach on Chinese territory; After the defeat, it imposed a multi-domain blockade on China, and even used nuclear threats.
However, no matter what means the United States takes, it will not be able to shake China's determination.
Although some countries have attacked our country, the brave Chinese have never flinched. Their firmness and courage could not stop China's development. Although the past is in the past, the memory of history will never fade.
Only by seeing the past clearly through the mirror of history can we better face the future and move towards success.