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If you could travel to the moment after the universe, what would you see? If you could make a black hole, what would you find?
These questions may sound like a sci-fi plot, but in fact,There is a place that is trying to answer them with a scientific method. That is the Super Collider (LHC) in the European underground.
When we want to understand the basic structure that makes up something, we usually think of using a magnifying glass or microscope to look at it. However,When we set our sights on smaller, more fundamental particles, we need to rely on a more powerful tool – the collider.
A collider is a sophisticated device whose task is to accelerate microscopic particles and cause them to collide at a specific point. By simulating the extreme conditions of the universe, the collider allows us to reveal phenomena that are normally unobservable, such as mysterious black holes.
The principle of this powerful device is fairly simple:Let the two bundles of particles move in opposite directions so that they meet at a certain point, and then we observe the result of their collision.
Through such processes, we can gain insight into the structure, properties, and interactions of particles, as well as how they make up matter.
In the 30s of the 20th century, scientists first created the cyclotron, a device that uses electric and magnetic fields to accelerate charged particles.
Subsequently, scientists refined the technology to create synchrotrons. This improvement allows the device to precisely manipulate the electric and magnetic fields to provide a higher energy acceleration environment for the particles. The ring-shaped synchrotron allows particles to circulate and accelerate in it, opening the door to new scientific exploration.
As science continues to advance, scientists have discovered a series of new particles that are smaller and more fundamental than electrons and protons, such as neutrinos, quarks, and gluons.
In order to delve deeper into these tiny particles, scientists need higher energy and more precise control. So, they came up with a more efficient approach:Have two bundles of particles move in opposite directions and collide with each other.
Doing so maximizes the particle's kinetic energy rather than wasting it on the target. This collision technology has become a powerful tool for the study of microparticles, and the collider is the device that makes this technology a reality. This innovative tool allows scientists to delve deeper into the microscopic world and uncover its hidden mysteries.
There are many types of colliders, depending on the particles they are accelerating and colliding withIt can be divided into positron and negative electron collider, proton-proton collider, proton-antiproton collider, and heavy ion collider. Each type of collider focuses on studying different physical phenomena.
For example, the Positron and Negative Electron Collider is used to explore electroweak interactions, while the Proton-Proton Collider focuses on strong interactions, and the Heavy Ion Collider studies phenomena such as quark-gluon plasma.
The collider is the ultimate tool for human exploration of the microscopic world, allowing us to get closer to the nature of matterReveal the mysteries of the universe.
Not only that, but the collider is also a hotbed of technological innovation, driving the development of many cutting-edge technologies, including superconducting magnets, supercomputers, and the World Wide Web.
The collider represents the culmination of human ingenuityIt constantly stimulates our imagination and stimulates the burst of creativity. The collider is not only a magical machine, but also a key tool to open the door to the unknown. It carries the insatiable human desire to explore and discover.
A black hole is an extreme celestial bodyIt is extremely massive, but quite small, so the gravitational pull on the surface is so strong that not even light can escape.
The existence of black holes is explained by Einstein's theory of general relativityIt wasn't until 2019 that humans first successfully photographed a black hole. Black holes are usually caused by the collapse of a star or the merger of two black holes, a process that requires extremely high energy and density.
However, whether black holes can be made with artificial devices has always been a difficult problem for the scientific community and a concern for ordinary people. Especially before the launch of the European Large Hadron Collider (LHC).Some fear that the collision of high-energy particles of the LHC could create miniature black holes, triggering globally catastrophic consequences and even engulfing the Earth.
The LHC (Large Hadron Collider) is the world's largest and most energetic particle accelerator and collider, located 100 meters underground on the border between Switzerland and France, with a 27-kilometer circular tunnel.
LHC's mission is to explore the basic composition of matter, the origin and structure of the universe. It is capable of accelerating and colliding with various particles, including protons, antiprotons, heavy ions, and more, simulating the extreme conditions of the universe to observe phenomena that are not normally perceptible, such as the Higgs boson, supersymmetric particles, and extra dimensions.
So, can LHCs create black holes? According to the current official disclosures, the energy provided by the LHC is not enough to produce a stable black hole, unless there are additional dimensions on a larger scale.
In other words, only when there are more spatial dimensions at the quantum levelIt is the energy provided by the LHC that it is possible to produce a miniature black hole. Also known as "quantum" black holes, these miniature black holes have a very small mass and may be only slightly larger than a nucleus.
If LHC does create miniature black holes, will it be harmful to us? The answer is no, because such miniature black holes will evaporate in a very short period of time, not enough time to devour the surrounding matter.
This is due to the effect of Hawking radiation, where the black hole radiates particles and energy outward, thus losing mass. The speed of Hawking radiation is inversely proportional to the size of the black hole, which means that the smaller the black hole, the faster it evaporates.
If the LHC is able to produce a miniature black hole of the TEV level, then it will decay rapidly in a very short timeIt's much shorter than blinking.
It's important to note that LHCs aren't the only places where miniature black holes are possible. High-energy cosmic rays in the universe also collide with air molecules in the Earth's atmosphere, producing higher energies than LHC.
These collisions have occurred countless times in the history of the Earth, but they have not caused any catastrophe. This shows that even if there are miniature black holes, they are harmless, otherwise we would have seen the relevant observational evidence a long time ago.
Therefore, we can safely say,LHC is safe, it does not create dangerous black holes. Conversely, if the LHC were able to observe the existence of miniature black holes, it would be a very exciting discovery because it would prove some new physical theoriesFor example, the theory of extra dimension chords, and the ability to better understand the most elusive force in nature – gravity.
Black holes are astounding though with their mysterious and all-engulfing imageHowever, with the current state of technology, the LHC does not create dangerous black holes.
On the contrary, the LHC experiment is expected to further prove or disprove some new physical theories, providing valuable clues for us to unravel the layers of the mysteries of the natural world and to better understand the workings of forces such as gravity. The Super Collider in Europe's underground is a key tool that opens the door to the unknownIt leads mankind's continuous pursuit and pursuit of the mysteries of the universe.
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