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In February 1930, in Yongxin County, Jiangxi. The two Red Army generals, Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo, were tied up by the Red officers and soldiers beside them. The two pleaded with Long Chaoqing, the Red Army general led by them: "Everyone is a Red Army, don't make mistakes at this time!" ”
However, Long Chaoqing was unmoved, and killed the two directly surrounded by the people around him. Soon after, the news reached the ears of *** who were in the southern Gannan region. He was grief-stricken, and shouted bitterly: Kill the wrong good comrade!
This political turmoil within the Red Army not only caused the sacrifice of a number of "good comrades" headed by Yuan and Wang, but also eventually led to the fall of the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area.
Why were Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo killed by the Red Army? Why did the death of the two lead to the loss of the revolutionary base area?
Click to pay attention and learn about the mystery of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo's murder.
The life experiences of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo are very legendary, and they are relatively special existences in the Red Army. These two people are different from most of the Red Army generals of our party, they are not peasants and petty bourgeoisie, but real "mountain kings". First of all, Yuan Wencai was born in 1898 and was born in Ninggang County, Jiangxi. Speaking of Ninggang, you may not be familiar with it. But if you mention a mountain in Ninggang County, everyone must have an impression. This mountain is Jinggang Mountain.
Although Yuan Wencai was born in Ninggang, he is not a "local" in the eyes of Jiangxi people. The Ninggang area of Jiangxi Province is dominated by "Tujia" people, but there are also some "Hakka people" who come from afar. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo are both descendants of these "Hakka people".
Yuan Wencai was born in an impoverished family of peasants. Fortunately, the elders in the family attach great importance to it and "grit their teeth" to support him to study and study. Only then was Yuan Wencai able to enter the school and learn knowledge. At the age of 23, Yuan Wencai was admitted to Linxian Yongxin Middle School. Although Yuan Wencai is really too old compared to normal students, he himself doesn't care about this.
After finishing his studies, the young man began to show his martial prowess. At that time, China was still under feudal rule, and the feudal forces were still very stubborn. The landlords and gentry not only oppressed the people and exploited the peasants. They will also gather illegal forces and form their own armed forces to carry out against the peasants.
Yuan Wencai, who was born in a poor peasant family, has long been dissatisfied with this phenomenon. At that time, a "sword and horse team" against the armed forces of the landlords spontaneously arose in the local area. Yuan Wencai, as a "cultural person" who had read at that time, was soon valued after joining the "Sword and Horse Team" and served as the chief of staff.
Although this sword and horse team is a peasant unit set up against the landlords' armed forces, the "green forest atmosphere" it carries is still very serious. Although the "sword and horse team" cracked down on the landlords' armed forces, there were still acts of forcible robbery of materials and personal vendetta in their actions. During his tenure as chief of staff, Yuan Wencai also had certain doubts about the course of action of the "sword and horse team." As a "cultural person" who had gone to middle school, he actually did not agree with such "banditry" behavior, but he suffered from the lack of correct life guidance.
At the time when his life was confused, Peng Pai and others carried out "peasant movements" all over the country, established peasant cooperatives and peasant self-defense forces, and waged a struggle against the landlords and bullies. Yuan Wencai soon discovered that the "peasant self-defense force" was more advanced than the "sword and horse team". Yuan Wencai resolutely broke away from the "sword and horse team" and threw himself into the wave of agricultural movements.
During the peasant uprising in Ninggang, Yuan Wencai, who had the experience of "sword and horse team", quickly stood out and became the commander-in-chief of the rebel army.
At that time, Wang Zuo was still a real "green forest hero". Wang Zuo and Yuan Wencai were from similar backgrounds, both of whom were poor "Hakka people" who moved here. However, Wang Zuo has a lower level of education than Yuan Wencai. When he was young, Wang Zuo worked as an apprentice tailor in order to make a living, and learned a skill.
But this technique did not come in handy in Wang Zuo's life, and not long after he left the school, Wang Zuo's own tailor shop closed down. It's not that Wang Zuo's craftsmanship is bad, but that the people at that time were too poor to afford to consume. At that time, most areas of the country were very economically backward, and small places like Ninggang in Jiangxi Province were even more impoverished. Wang Zuo also lost his job and became a jobless vagrant.
However, Wang Zuo was brave by nature and did not want to become a "tenant farmer" exploited by the landlords and bullies, so he directly joined the bandits and became a "good man in the green forest". After becoming a bandit, the tailor was quite self-motivated. After working for a while, he directly broke away from the organization and independently raised a "green forest force".
However, Wang Zuo's unit has no more than 20 people, and most of them are old. In a "bandit" not long after, Wang Zuo's troops suffered heavy losses, and he himself fled for his life in a hurry.
Fortunately, at this time, Yuan Wencai, Wang Zuo's old classmate, rescued him and escaped. In this way, the two formed a deep friendship and became confidants and friends.
Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were born as "heroes of the green forest", and after establishing themselves in Jinggang Mountain, how did they become members of the Red Army?
Yuan Wencai was quite prominent in the Ninggang peasant ** movement and became the leader of the local peasant self-defense army. Under the influence of Yuan Wencai, Wang Zuo also joined the peasant self-defense army and became one of the cadres. In the process of leading the peasant army to carry out the struggle, Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo inevitably came into contact with communist theory and were affected to a certain extent.
Under the leadership of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo, the peasant self-defense army even stormed Yongxin Prison in Linxian County, Ninggang, and released all the Communist Party members and revolutionary aspirants who were imprisoned in the prison.
But the good times were short-lived, and the Autumn Harvest Uprising ultimately failed. The vigorous peasant movement in Jiangxi is also going to a low ebb under the suppression of the people. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo had no choice but to gather the remnants and retreat to the Jinggangshan area. Jinggang Mountain is located in the middle of the Luoxiao Mountains, with a dangerous geographical environment, which is easy to defend and difficult to attack. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo went up the mountain to set up a village and became "grass robbers" close to the Communists.
At that time, the Autumn Harvest Uprising failed, and ** was leading the remnants of the army to retreat south. Although *** decided to withdraw south to the border area between Hunan and Jiangxi, he did not have an answer to the question of where the troops would stay. The morale of the troops was low during the transfer, many became suspicious of the revolution, and some even secretly fled. At the same time, there were many wounded soldiers in the troops, and they urgently needed a place to rest.
At this time, Yuan Wencai and others took the initiative to lend a hand and negotiated with the *** troops and were willing to welcome them up the mountain.
met with Yuan Wencai himself in Jinggangxia. The chairman knew that his troops going up the mountain would inevitably squeeze the living space of the Yuan Ministry, and the people of the Yuan Ministry must be worried about being annexed. In order to ease the relationship between the two ministries and win the trust of Yuan Wencai and his subordinates, the chairman sent more than 100 new rifles to Yuan Ministry, supplementing their combat strength.
Yuan Wencai already had great kindness to the chairman to go up the mountain, and now the chairman is so generous, which makes him very moved. In return, he not only set up a hospital for the Red Army in his base Maoping, but also sent a large amount of silver dollars, grain and rice to the Red Army troops who were short of supplies. It was these supplies that provided the necessary replenishment and support for the Red Army units in distress, allowing many Red Army soldiers to survive.
Under Yuan Wencai's initiative to explain and solicit, Wang Zuo also accepted the resolution of the Red Army to enter Jinggangshan. The troops of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo became allies of the Red Army and helped each other with the Red Army. During the days when they entered Jinggangshan and the three troops became "mutual aid alliances", Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were also gradually inspired by communism.
A large number of officers in the Red Army entered the units of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo and reorganized the troops for them. The two also talked with *** from time to time, planning for the future of the Jinggangshan army and the revolution. Under the influence of ***, the two gradually agreed with the concept of communism and corrected their past feudal "bandit" style.
Wang Zuo often said to his subordinates: "Commissar Mao is really a talented person! Every time I talk to him, I feel that I have gained more than ten years of reading! ”
In 1928, under the consultation of Yuan Wencai, Wang Zuo and ***, a "co-optation" operation was successfully launched. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo accepted the leadership of the Communist Party of China and changed all the troops into the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo's troops were organized into the First Army, the First Division and the Second Regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Yuan Wencai served as the regiment commander and mastered the first battalion, and Wang Zuo served as the deputy regiment commander and mastered the second battalion.
Yuan Wencai had already joined our party and became a member of our party as early as the peasant struggle. Now that he has officially returned to our party, he has begun to do Wang Zuo's ideological work and pull his good brothers into our party.
In the spring of 1928, Wang Zuo joined our party and became a party member and cadre. With the addition of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo, the ranks of the Red Army grew significantly and gained a firm foothold in the Jinggangshan area.
Yuan and Wang joined our party, and the troops were reorganized, making great contributions to the Red Army's foothold in Jinggangshan. But in the end, the two died at the hands of their own people, what the hell is going on?
After Yuan and Wang joined the Red Army, they added a lot of strength to the Red Army. Although there are only about 300 people in the army, these people are all locals and are very familiar with the terrain of Jinggang Mountain. The Red Army was able to turn the Kuomintang encirclement and suppression troops around Jinggang Mountain, and the help of these Yuan Wang troops was indispensable.
Soon after, the remnants of the Nanchang Rebel Army led by ** also came to Jinggangshan, which greatly strengthened the strength of the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base Area. In April 1928, the army completed the Jinggangshan Division. With this unit, the armed forces in the Jinggangshan base area have swelled several times at once, and it is no longer manageable by the establishment of a single division.
Under the consultation of Zhu Mao and the two, the Jinggangshan Red Army was reorganized into the Fourth Army of the Red Army, which directly governed four Red Army regiments. At the same time, with Jinggang Mountain as the center, the border areas around Yongxin, Chaling, Suichuan and other places were established.
As one of the founders of the Jinggangshan Base Area, Yuan Wencai served as a member of the Military Commission of the Red Fourth Army and the chairman of the border region. Wang Zuo held the posts of ** defense councilor of the border region. It can be said that at this time, Yuan and Wang were real high-level cadres of the Red Army, and if they could always follow the chairman, they would also be leading figures who should be awarded the titles of general and marshal when they passed. But these two eventually lost this opportunity and died on the road to revolution.
Speaking of the death of King Yuan and Wang, I have to mention the local "dispute between the Turks". The local Tujia people in Jiangxi are very dissatisfied with the Hakka people who wander and live here. The Tujia people believe that these Hakka people have usurped their resources and plundered the wealth, land and status belonging to the Tujia people.
As a result, the contradictions between the two ethnic groups in the local area are very serious, and they often even go to the point of endless trouble. Yuan and Wang were both Hakka people, and their roles as senior commanders and fighters in the Red Army naturally aroused the dissatisfaction of local Turkish cadres. But at that time, absolute high-level cadres of the Red Army such as Mr. Zhu mediated and suppressed it, and the two sides could only suppress the grudge.
In June 1928, the Communist Party of China held the "Sixth Congress" meeting in Moscow. Under the instructions of the Comintern, the CCP criticized the "bandit armament" force. One of the resolutions on the establishment of Soviet power called for the arming of bandits to unite the forces at the bottom and to kill the leaders at the top.
When the news was transmitted back to China, a special meeting was immediately held to discuss the issue of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo. In the meeting, many local Tujia Red Army generals advocated killing the two, but in the end, they overruled the public opinion and saved Yuan and Wang. The chairman had a deep understanding of the two men, and although they both had a "green forest" experience in their early years, their loyalty to the revolution was absolutely trustworthy.
In 1929, the Kuomintang once again launched a large-scale encirclement and suppression campaign on the Hunan and Jiangxi borders, intending to eliminate the strength of the Red Army. In order to avoid the heavy forces of the Kuomintang and expand the strength of the Red Army. The main force of the Red Fourth Army led by ** advanced to southern Jiangxi, and Yuan Wencai, as the chief of staff of the Red Fourth Army, left with ***.
But it didn't take long for Yuan Wen to break away from the army and return to the Jinggangshan area. This gave the Tujia family, who were already very dissatisfied with him, an opportunity.
At this time, Wang Zuo's troops incorporated the guerrilla troops from several surrounding counties under their command and expanded them into the fifth column of the Red Fourth Army, with Wang Zuo as the commander. This made it even more difficult for the Tujia generals to accept. Under the totality, the Tujia generals represented by Long Chaoqing, Zhu Changkai, and Chen Zhengren joined forces with Peng Qingquan, the head of the Hunan and Jiangxi Special Commission, to make a decision to execute Yuan and Wang.
Peng Qingquan fraudulently used the name of the chairman to deceive Yuan Wang and the two to Yongxin County and killed them.
Yuan Wencai's wife's uncle and Wang Zuo's younger brother were furious, and once again pulled up the banner of "Green Forest" and occupied Jinggang Mountain. The Jinggangshan base area completely fell and was not regained until the People's Liberation Army went south to Hunan.
When the news of the killing of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo reached ***, he was very angry and angrily reprimanded the special commissioner: Kill the wrong good comrade!
When the People's Liberation Army went to Jinggangshan again, ** said: "Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were killed by mistake!" Work has gone the wrong way. When the second chairman went to Jinggangshan, he met the widows of the martyrs Yuan and Wang, and he affectionately called them "Yuan's sister-in-law" and "Wang's sister-in-law".
He said to the two widows: "Your husbands are meritorious to the revolution, they were killed by mistake!" When the two widows heard this, they held the chairman's hands tightly, and tears flowed uncontrollably.
In October 1949, on the occasion of the founding of the People's Republic of China, ** personally invited the children of Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo, two revolutionary martyrs, to participate in the founding ceremony. Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo were also posthumously recognized as revolutionary martyrs under the chairman's interrogation, and washed away their grievances for many years.
Two revolutionaries from the green forest, with revolution in their hearts, fought wholeheartedly, but under the instruction of wrong thoughts, they died unexpectedly. It's sad! If they survive, China will have two more legendary generals.
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