In the long history of ancient China, Wuhu Chaohua was an important period, which brought about great social changes. However, we have to ask: what is the root cause of this turmoil? Why is there such a huge impact?
After Sima Yan ascended the throne, he decided to implement the feudal system. He divided a large number of clans into kings in various places and gave them considerable military power. For example, Sima Liang, the king of Runan, was the governor of Yuzhou, Sima Wei, the king of Chu, was the governor of Jingzhou, and Sima Hao, the king of Hejian, was the governor of Guanzhong. The large vassal states had three armies of 5,000 men, the middle vassal states had three thousand men in the second army, and the small vassal states had one army of fifteen hundred.
Sima Yan's personality is more opinionated and suspicious. He believed in his heart that the division of the princes could allow the clan to defend the court and prevent the powerful ministers from plotting to seize the imperial power; And they can check and balance each other to avoid one side being too strong. However, Sima Yan seems to have forgotten the lesson of history – the feudal system had proven to be a failure during the Eastern Han Dynasty. For the sake of expanding for their own interests, the princes and kings often prioritized how to expand their power, rather than maintaining **.
Sure enough, the situation after the Western Jin Dynasty became more and more chaotic. In 291 AD, when the powerful ministers Yang Jun and Jia Nanfeng were in power, Sima Liang, the king of Runan, and Sima Wei, the king of Chu, and other princes and kings jointly launched a coup d'état and invaded Luoyang City in order to compete for control of the first power. Yang Jun saw that the general trend had gone, and died in the palace.
Chu Wangwei killed more than 70 people of Yang Jun ** and exterminated his three clans. This sudden and bloody coup d'état marked the official outbreak of the inhumane Eight Kings Rebellion, which wiped out the national power of the Western Jin Dynasty after 16 years of infighting.
In this melee that has lasted for more than 20 years, the government and the opposition have become a disaster. The royal family and brothers are on the wall, and the flesh and blood are killing each other. Alliances today, rebellion tomorrow, boundless suspicion and killing. Sad and lamentable!
For example, Chu Wangwei once helped Jia Nanfeng kill Quan Chen, but he didn't expect to be killed by another supporter of Jia Nanfeng, Zhao Wang Sima Lun, 10 years later. After King Lun of Zhao killed the king and seized the throne, he was defeated and killed by the allied forces such as Sima Jian, the king of Qi, and Sima Fan, the king of Beihai.
The king of Qi was defeated by Sima Xin, the son of Sima Hao, the king of Hejian. The princes and kings are like crazy puppets in the bloody rain, killing themselves in this whirlpool of endless power and killing!
And their cannibalism also led to the increasing exhaustion of the national power of the Western Jin Dynasty. It laid a hidden danger for the Hu people to take advantage of the situation and divide the Quartet, which eventually led to the Wuhu chaos.
At the same time, external problems are becoming more and more serious. For hundreds of years, the Hu people continued to move inward to the Central Plains and lived in border areas with the Han people. The living customs of the two ethnic groups are very different, the contradictions are constantly intensifying, and there are armed fights from time to time. When the Hu people were strong, they often harassed the borders. At this time, the Western Jin Dynasty was extremely empty and powerless.
In 304 A.D., Sima Teng, the assassin of Bingzhou, wanted to recruit Xianbei soldiers and horses to quell the domestic rebellion. This gave the Xianbei Tuoba tribe chieftain Tuoba Yilu an opportunity. He united with Wuhuan and other clans, mobilized tens of thousands of Hu cavalry, crossed the Yellow River in the south, and easily captured Jinyang, the seat of the state administration.
After occupying Jinyang, Tuoba Yilu called himself "Da Danyu" and established political power, known as "Former Zhao" in history. Under his leadership, the Hu people established the first powerful regime in northern Han China.
This marked the official opening of the prelude to Wuhu's entry into the Central Plains. The wind came from the desert, and the dragon was mighty and wolf-smoking, which made this already vigorous dynasty even worse. In the following decades, in the repeated confrontations between the Han and Hu peoples, the Central Plains was even more chaotic and devastated.
After the death of Tuoba Yilu, his son Tuoba Jian continued to expand the territory of the former Zhao. Shi Le, Fu Hong, Duanbe Hongluzhi, Lu Long, Xia Guo. The heroes are everywhere, dividing one side, and fighting year after year. This turmoil and war continued until the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the north. During the long period of the Wuhu Rebellion, more than a dozen mixed regimes of Hu and Han, such as Later Zhao, Former Yan, Former Qin, Later Qin, Western Qin, and Southern Liang, rose and perished in the north.
In this boundless whirlpool of war, the people of Lebanon have experienced unimaginable turmoil and suffering. Countless lives have been lost in the smoke of war, and countless families have been torn apart. At that time, the people were miserable, and it was a blessing to be alive. The Book of Jin recorded: "Since the Yongjia Rebellion, China's Dahe, the government and the opposition, migrated and died, very half. You can see the tragic situation at that time.
Reason. The tragedy of the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty is inextricably linked to the mediocrity and incompetence of Emperor Sima Yan of the Jin Dynasty. During his reign, many of the mistakes made by Emperor Sima Yan of the Jin Dynasty brought disaster to the country and the people. For example, the implementation of the sub-sealing system is a misjudgment. He had a stubborn personality and believed that he could rely on the power of the clan to defend the imperial court. As everyone knows, the system of decentralization itself contains huge risks. In addition, many of the princes he chose were not virtuous people, which was tantamount to drinking to quench his thirst, and the result was a fire**.
In addition, his nationality policy was extremely inappropriate. The Hu people continued to move inward, and not only did he not solve the problem fundamentally, but allowed it to develop. Guo Qin had suggested that the Hu people from the frontier should be relocated to their original places of origin, and that people should be transferred from the Central Plains to strengthen border defenses. Sima Yan did not adopt it, which led to continuous border wars.
Emperor Wu of Jin's means of knowing people is even more worrying. He chose Empress Jia Nanfeng, who was ambitious and as good at scheming as his father Jia Chong. This laid a hidden danger for Jia Nanfeng to collude with the princes and kings to launch a coup d'état in the future. In addition, Sima Yan passed the throne to Hu Tu's son Sima Zhen, making it easier to lose imperial power.
It can be said that Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty was incompetent and incompetent, and the selection of people was improper, and all kinds of mistakes made the Western Jin Dynasty, which was already boiling with resentment and foreign races, even worse. The various mistakes he made finally brought down this powerful dynasty that once dominated the world at his own hands.
The Western Jin Dynasty finally perished in the storm, and it was inseparable from the family style of the Sima family. This family, which has been based on power for several generations, values personal power and treats others like mustards. Sima Yi, the ancestor of Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, built a plank road in order to seize power, secretly Chen Cang, and brutally killed his colleagues; His father Sima Shi and uncle Sima Zhao killed the monarch on the street. Emperor Wu of Jin, who grew up in such a family environment, had a hard time cultivating enough compassion and responsibility.
And a group of Sima disciples after him were also deeply assimilated by this ideological tradition of advocating power and scheming. They are extremely power-hungry and will do whatever it takes to achieve their ends. In the face of sibling clans, they also mercilessly attacked each other, fought with weapons, and killed the wall.
During the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, such as Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, killed Sima Wei and Jia Nanfeng, the kings of Chu, and Li Xun and Shi Le also died in the battle for the Central Plains. They will do whatever it takes for their own selfish interests, brutalize the same clan and surname, and eventually lead to the collapse of the country.
In the inhumane fight of the Sima clan, what was ultimately buried was the fate of the entire Western Jin Dynasty and tens of millions of people. Their disregard for the family style and deeds of heaven and humanity directly caused this empire that once dominated the world to fall apart in their own hands. It can be seen that the Sima clan's style of valuing power over affection is also an important reason why the Western Jin Dynasty finally fell into troubled times and perished.
Editor: Search for a picture in February**Dynamic Incentive Plan
After more than 300 years of ups and downs, the bane planted back then has already blossomed and borne fruit, and it will be poisoned when it is just an opportunity. The Western Jin Dynasty was defeated and retreated under internal and external troubles, and finally disappeared. All this seems to be predestined, but in fact, it is not the cause of the accumulation of future generations? The wheel of history is rolling forward, and we can only be reborn by reflection.