What are the aura symptoms before myocardial infarction?
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) refers to severe and long-lasting ischemic myocardial necrosis due to the interruption of blood due to acute occlusion of coronary arteries. AMI is the most severe type of coronary heart disease, and in the past two decades, the incidence of myocardial infarction in China has been on the rise, especially within 24 h after the onset of the disease, and the mortality rate is the highest, with about 1 3 1 2 AMI patients dying before hospitalization.
Recent epidemiological data suggest that elevated homocysteine levels are also independent risk factors for coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. A 1% increase in blood cholesterol levels is associated with a 2% increase in the risk of myocardial infarction and death. At present, among the patients with acute myocardial infarction in large cities in China, 40 to 55-year-old middle-aged people account for a considerable proportion, and acute myocardial infarction occurs occasionally in their 30s. This indicates that the prevalence and mortality of myocardial infarction are increasing dramatically and that the population is rapidly decreasing.
Most of the patients have aura symptoms before the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction, and if they can be recognized and treated appropriately, it is possible to avoid acute myocardial infarction and sudden death in some patients.
When middle-aged and elderly people suddenly have unexplained headache, dizziness, confusion, convulsions, paresis, and numbness of limbs, they must do brain CT or magnetic resonance scan and electrocardiogram examination to rule out and confirm the diagnosis. Some scholars believe that the cause of cerebral infarction in acute myocardial infarction is that the middle-aged and elderly people have myocardial infarction on the basis of the original cerebral arteriosclerosis, which makes the blood output of the damaged heart decrease sharply, and the cerebral ischemia, which is already insufficient, and the symptoms of temporary cerebral dysfunction appear.
The elderly usually do not have any discomfort, feel "healthy", and suddenly appear symptoms such as vague pain and discomfort in the upper abdomen, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chest tightness, etc., which are easy to be misdiagnosed as acute gastroenteritis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, peptic ulcer and other acute abdomen, but can not be fully explained by acute abdomen, in addition to digestive tract examination, electrocardiogram examination must also be done to identify. The mechanism may be that acute myocardial infarction stimulates the vagus nerve, causing bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, and ischemic response of gastrointestinal tissue. When middle-aged and elderly patients suddenly develop the above gastrointestinal symptoms, they should be alert to the possibility of acute myocardial infarction after ruling out gastrointestinal diseases.
Angina pectoris attacks are more frequent than before, more severe in nature, last longer, nitroglycerin has poor efficacy, and the predisposing factors are not obvious;
Some middle-aged and elderly people seem to be "healthy" on the surface, but at work or various activities, some suddenly have palpitations, impaired consciousness, and convulsions all over the body during sleep dreams, and then breathing and heartbeat stop and die. It is mainly caused by complete blockage of coronary blood vessels by blood clots or continuous severe spasm of coronary arteries, resulting in acute ischemia and hypoxia of myocardium. At the same time as acute myocardial infarction, coupled with myocardial electrical disorder, the heart function drops sharply, loses the function of blood discharge and causes sudden death.
Middle-aged and elderly people who have always been healthy suddenly develop angina pectoris and show progressive aggravation;
Angina pectoris attacks with arrhythmias, cardiac insufficiency, or large fluctuations in blood pressure;
During an attack of angina, the ECG shows that the ST segment is markedly elevated or depressed, and the T wave is inverted or elevated ("pseudonormalization").
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