Troubled times produce heroes, but also talents from all walks of life. In terms of medicine alone, in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, there were two famous medical saints, one was the divine doctor Hua Tuo, and the other was the medical saint Zhang Zhongjing.
But what is strange is that the popularity of Hua Tuo and Zhang Zhongjing is very different. Hua Tuo was not only recorded in various historical books, but also written into ** "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and had an intersection with the "martial saint" Guan Yu, and then swiped a wave of goodwill; On the other hand, Zhang Zhongjing is not recorded in the official history, and some people even suspect it:Zhang Zhongjing was made up by later generations.
So, who is also a famous doctor in the late Han Dynasty, why can Hua Tuo be famous all over the world, but Zhang Zhongjing is so low-key that it is not recorded in the history books?
In fact, although Hua Tuo was recorded in the history books, his social status at that time was not high. Therefore, Chen Shoucai juxtaposed him with several "magic sticks" who were fortune tellers and looked at their faces"Fang Ji Chuan".Middle. In this regard, Hua Tuo himself thinks so.
According to the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Hua Tuo": "However (Hua Tuo) is a scholar, sees his profession as a doctor, and often regrets himself. ”At that time, doctors were "lowly professions" and did not have a high social status; And because of the existence of wizards, many people tend to think of doctors and wizards as the same kind of people. Because of this, Hua Tuo often regrets it.
His life's wish is also to enter the career. Therefore, judging from Hua Tuo's experience, there are certain rules to follow for the patients he chooses to treat: at first, he was a county official and a government official, and then gradually developed to an intermediate level such as a postal supervisor and a general, and later a local official such as a county guard and a taishou. The last patient was Cao Cao, the overlord of the north.
Hua Tuo's medical skills are indeed excellent, and after a few times, Cao Cao's illness has been effectively alleviated. It is precisely because of this that Cao Cao wants to keep Hua Tuo by his side as a doctor. Hua Tuo wanted, but he became an official, how could he be willing to be Cao Cao's personal doctor. Therefore, he used his wife's illness as an excuse to refuse Cao Cao's conquest.
When Cao Cao learned about it, he said angrily:"The villain raises my illness and wants to respect himself. ”It can be seen that Hua Tuo"Threatening doctors to seek officials".'s plan angered Cao Cao and eventually led to death.
It is not difficult to see from here that the main reasons why Hua Tuo can be recorded in the history books are:The intersection he started with Cao Cao even died because of Cao Cao. The writing of ancient history books pays more attention to hierarchy.
As the founder and founder of the Cao Wei regime, Cao Cao is well-deserved"Emperor of the North"., the people who intersect with it are undoubtedly qualified to leave a mark in the history books. And Zhang Zhongjing didn't have this opportunity.
The first thing to solve is, is there such a person as Zhang Zhongjing in history?
The answer is yes, both human and physical evidence. For example, the imperial physician Ling Wang Shuhe in the Western Jin Dynasty was one of Zhang Zhongjing's "fan brothers". As an official figure, there is no need for him to make up a senior.
In addition, Huangfu Mi, a descendant of Huangfu Song, also mentioned Zhang Zhongjing in his work "Acupuncture A and B Sutra: Preface", and placed it alongside Hua Tuo.
Of course, not far from this era, there are also Zhang Zhongjing's deeds in classics such as "Yin Yun**" and "Taiping Yulan". Coupled with the records of local county chronicles and inscriptions, it can be seen that Zhang Zhongjing not only exists really, but also is active in the Changsha area.
The Biography of Famous Doctors even mentions:Zhang Zhongjing not only pioneered the "sitting in the hall" system of doctors, but also promoted all the way to Changsha Taishou.
A big boost behind this must be Zhang Zhongjing's brilliant medical skills.
According to the preface of his "Treatise on Typhoid Fever": "The Yu clan has many clans, and there are two hundred to Yu." Since the beginning of the Jian'an era, it has not yet been ten years, and two thirds of its deaths have been recorded, and seven of them have typhoid fever. ”In the last years of Jian'an, there was a large-scale epidemic in the south of Jingzhou, and even Zhang Zhongjing's family was quite a few. After learning from the pain, Zhang Zhongjing devoted himself to the study of medical skills, and finally created many good cures, with this merit, he was promoted to Changsha Taishou.
According to the timeline, in the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208), there was indeed a large-scale epidemic in Jingzhou, and even Cao Cao's army suffered heavy losses. On the other hand, there is no record of infection with the epidemic in the Sun-Liu coalition army. After this battle, Changsha was taken by Liu Bei.
Combined with these conditions, it is not difficult to see Zhang Zhongjing's experience as the Taishou of Changsha. In the Battle of Chibi, Zhang Zhongjing took out his own prescription, and there were countless living people. Therefore, after Liu Bei took the four counties in the south of the Yangtze River, he let Zhang Zhongjing serve as the Taishou of Changsha. In this way, it can also explain why he is not recorded in the official history.
If Zhang Zhongjing is appointed by Liu Bei, then he belongs to Shu Han**. You know, Shu Han"The country does not have history"., lack of historical data; In particular, the information of Jingzhou ** was completely lost after the Shu State lost Jingzhou.
In addition, Zhang Zhongjing has only intersected with Wang Cang and others, and his sense of presence is not high. Therefore, it is naturally difficult for him to have the opportunity to be included in "Shu Zhi" by Chen Shou. Fortunately, Zhang Zhongjing lives in the hearts of the people, and under the nostalgia of future generations, he is remembered by the world again.