Why are young people reluctant to have children? There are fewer and fewer children in developed countries
Introduction. In modern societies, birth rates are lower in developed countries and higher in poorer regions. According to the United Nations World Population Prospects report, Africa is the world's 25 largest fertility countries, compared to rich countries such as the United States, Germany, and Japan, where birth rates have been declining. This brings to mind the problem of less and less development. In addition, China's fertility level has also declined significantly, which has attracted widespread attention from the academic community. On this basis, we will analyze why the more developed countries are, the more reluctant to have children, and the poorer the places, the higher the fertility rate, and analyze the reasons for the high birth rate of the Chinese population.
Analysis of the high birth rate and social operation of the population in developed countries.
There are a number of factors that contribute to the low birth rate in rich countries. First of all, in developed countries, people can enjoy high-quality social security and health care, and the first is responsible for the lifelong care from infants to the elderly, which reduces people's reproductive burden. In the developed world, due to the development of industry, the high development of industry, the remuneration of labor is also relatively high, therefore, they are more willing to seek personal development than childbearing. In addition, in the West, individualism prevails, which makes people pay more attention to personal independence, so that the concept of family gradually fades, and children often live alone in the process of growing up, and there is no pattern of living together for multiple generations. Therefore, in the developed world, from the provision of children to the importance of personal development and social security.
In rich countries, many people don't want children because they have to plan their lives wisely. The middle class values freedom, rights, investment returns, and greater freedom and reduced financial pressure without having children. People are more likely to have success in their careers or to have happiness in life than to have children. In poor countries, childbearing is one of the most economical and direct inputs, because children are not only future workers, but also the expectation and security of the family. Therefore, poor people tend to have more children, hoping that one child will bring happiness and happiness to their families, so that their family status will take a leap.
Fertility laws and effects of the poor.
In poor countries, high birth rates have their own rules. The reason why the poor want to have children is nothing more than to let their children provide them with jobs so that they can have a future to rely on, so that they can live. On the basis of ensuring the life needs of the children, the children should be used to tilt some of the family's resources towards the most promising children, so as to achieve the class leap of the family. In poor families, having a child is a long-term investment, hoping that having a child can improve their living situation, and such a return on investment is considered a more realistic and stable option.
However, when the birth rate of a nation is declining in the process of development, it will encounter many problems. For example, China's high birth rate has had a negative impact on its economy and society. China's high birth rate has caused China's population to age, resulting in a serious shortage of China's labor force, and the living pressure of the elderly has also increased. At the same time, as the industry shrinks, the development of related industries such as motherhood and childcare will also be affected. Public utilities such as education, health and pension will come under more pressure, and social security systems will be challenged. Especially in China, the concept of "raising children to prevent old age" is still very strong, and many families still rely on their children to take care of the elderly. Young people are often unable to afford to bear the burden of childbearing due to pressures on employment, housing prices and families, exacerbating the social effects of lower fertility levels.
Brief summary. From the perspective of the fertility status of developed and poor countries, there are internal reasons for the level of fertility in each country. In developed countries, high birth rates are due to factors such as good social security, the prevalence of individualism, and reasonable living plans, while the high birth rates in poor countries are due to their own economic inputs and the needs of social class change. In developing countries like China, the high birth rate has eased some economic burdens on the one hand, but on the other hand, it has also faced some new problems, that is, the demographic structure has changed, and some new problems have emerged. In the future, it is necessary to start from the two levels of policy guidance and social support, and seek the best way to balance development and population policies, so as to promote the positive interaction between social welfare and economic development.