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Many people can't tell the difference between autism and autism, thinking that these are two diseases, but in fact, autism and autism are different names for the same disease.
In the general understanding, it is easy to confuse the terms "autism" and "loneliness", in fact, they reflect different psychological states. [1]
Autism
It refers to the self-isolation of individuals, who like to close themselves at home and ignore the outside world, forming a state of relative isolation.
Loneliness
A feeling that arises when a mood is depressed, lonely, or lacks support, manifesting as emptiness and loneliness.
When dealing with children with autism, what we need is not only understanding and empathy, but also concrete and effective intervention strategies.
As the famous psychologist Alfred Adler said, "We can't change the wind, but we can adjust the course." ”
In this issue, we will introduce in detail 5 of these intervention strategies for autism, aiming to help people with autism adjust their "course" to better adapt to society and improve their lives.
An effective approach to autism intervention[2].
Behavioral interventions
There are two main types of behavioral intervention strategies: antecedent behavioral intervention and outcome intervention.
Antecedent Behavior Intervention:
Adjust the factors that may trigger the target behavior before it occurs.
Outcome Intervention:
After the target behavior occurs, adjust the factors that may affect the outcome.
The common goal of both strategies is to increase the probability of success of the intervention.
In practice, antecedent behavior intervention and outcome intervention are often used in combination to achieve the best results.
Studies have confirmed that this strategy is effective in improving a variety of life skills, including but not limited to cognitive ability, motor skills, academics, communication, interpersonal communication, reading, personal responsibility, play skills, self-control, etc.
2. Cognitive-behavioral intervention
Founder Baker believes that everyone's mindset is shaped by past experiences that determine our emotions and behaviors.
The goal of cognitive-behavioral intervention is to help people with autism replace false beliefs with reasonable beliefs and replace irrational thinking with logical thinking.
*The teacher will make corresponding adjustments according to the characteristics of autistic patients. For example, change the materials used, add more visual cues or role-plays, and develop a more targeted, personalized program.
Studies have shown that this method is effective in enhancing children's cognitive function, improving their interpersonal skills, personal responsibility and self-care skills, while effectively reducing problem behaviors and impairment of perception and emotion regulation.
3. Early intensive behavioral intervention
A typical early intensive behavioral intervention consists of the following characteristics:
Interventions are individualized and integrated, respecting the specific circumstances of each case and targeting all skill areas;
Contains a variety of teaching methods based on ABA principles.
Such as turn-based teaching, random teaching, zero-error teaching, behavior motivation teaching, behavior shaping, demonstration method, etc.;
Be guided by a professional and guide parents as cooperative** participants;
The intervention began with one-on-one instruction and a home setting, and gradually transitioned to a group intervention and a school setting.
Studies have proved that early intensive behavioral intervention can effectively improve various life skills of children with autism, including play skills, academic and learning ability, communication ability, cognitive function, interpersonal communication, personal responsibility, motor skills, etc.
4. Language expression training
The common intervention process for language expression training is as follows:
Assess the child and set a reasonable target language;
Have your child imitate the target language to be taught; Then, assist the child to actively produce the target language, which can include verbal cues, visual cues or postural assistance.
Reinforce your child's initiative to express the target language we teach.
By repeating this process, we can teach children to use words, words, and even sentences to communicate meaningfully.
Studies have proven that language training can effectively improve children's communication and interpersonal skills, as well as improve their gaming skills.
5. Natural Situational Teaching Method
Natural contextual pedagogy is a strategy for teaching in everyday situations, such as at home, school, or in a community setting.
It is characterized by the use of materials from the natural environment and naturally occurring activities to teach children to learn, maintain, and generalize new skills.
At the beginning of teaching, the instructor needs to observe the child's favorite objects and activities, and design the interaction around the child's interests.
The teaching process emphasizes teaching in a naturally occurring environment, and the acquisition training process and the transfer training process of new behaviors occur simultaneously in the natural environment.
Adherence to the intervention is essential
Although no cure has been found so far for complete autism, there are a variety of ways to effectively alleviate symptoms.
We can't give up because we can't completely**, because many children have improved their quality of life and even made significant progress in their language skills through professional education and training.
Continued patience and a scientific approach are essential when dealing with autism, and through active interventions, we can create better life prospects for our patients.
Each intervention strategy is an attempt, and they are opening new doors for people with autism to reach out to the wider world. Let's work together to use these intervention strategies to set the course for people with autism and lead them towards a better life.
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References: 1] Huangpu Community Health Service Center. Is there a difference between autism and autism in children?2023[2] Wu Xiyu. Effective intervention methods for autism spectrum disorder[J].Chinese Journal of Hearing and Language**Science,2020,18(1):5-10
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