Tooth decay is a disease in which tooth tissue dissolves due to the production of acids by bacteria on the surface of the teeth. It is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, affecting the oral health of adults and children.
The pathogenesis of dental caries mainly includes four factors: intake of soluble carbohydrates, the presence of bacteria, structural characteristics of the tooth, and time factors. When bacteria form a plaque on the surface of a tooth, they use soluble carbohydrates to produce acids that cause the enamel to dissolve.
Prevention is key to the management of dental caries. Here are some effective precautions:
Brush your teeth regularly: At least twice a day, use a fluoride toothpaste.
Floss or floss sticks: Remove any food and plaque left between your teeth.
Reduce sugar intake: Reduce the supply of acids to bacteria.
If caries has already occurred, early diagnosis and ** are very important. Here are some common methods::
Clean and fill cavities: Remove the decayed part and fill the cavity to prevent further damage.
Root canal**: When the pulp tissue is infected, a root canal** is needed to save the tooth.
Tooth reconstruction: In cases of severe damage, tooth reconstruction, such as inlays or crown restorations, may be required.
In recent years, researchers have made some progress in dental caries prevention and**. For example, antimicrobial coatings prepared with nanomaterials can reduce plaque formation. In addition, some studies have explored the possibility of using genetic** or stem cell technology to restore caries damage.