years,** said:The USSR got too much, and the accounts were not settled.
** Ordered that the People's Liberation Army must pass through Dongjiaomin Lane to show military prestige and momentum. The reason behind this move is because Dongjiaomin Lane was once a symbol of shame for the Chinese, representing bullying and oppression by Western powers.
In this way, it is hoped that this history will be completely cleansed and the people will be given dignity and freedom.
** Comrade led the formulation of the "Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference", in which it was clearly declared: "The People's Republic of China must completely abolish all imperialist privileges in China!" ”
At the same time, it was also pointed out that Dongjiaomin Lane was Li Dazhao's "sad place", where he had hid to escape the capture of the Beiyang warlords. However, the cunning Zhang Zuolin sent military police to break into Dongjiaomin Lane and arrest Li Dazhao on the grounds that Soviet Russia had abandoned the "Xinchou Treaty".
Why, then, did Soviet Russia renounce the Treaty of Xincho? This needs to be traced back to the unequal treaties that the Qing Dynasty signed with the Western powers. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, these treaties were also recognized.
However, Beiyang ** took advantage of the opportunity of the First World War to declare war on Germany, abolished the unequal treaties with Germany and Austria-Hungary, and then proposed at the Paris Peace Conference to abolish the privileges of the great powers in China, triggering the first wave of the unequal treaty abolition movement.
After the October Revolution, Soviet Russia** fell into diplomatic isolation. In order to win over China, Lenin issued the First Declaration on China on July 25, 1919 and the Second Declaration on China on September 27, 1920, clearly declaring that "all previous treaties with China are null and void."
However, due to various reasons, in the course of consultations and negotiations, China and Russia still adhere to the position of maintaining the old unequal Sino-Russian boundary treaty.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, China, as one of the four major anti-fascist powers in the world, signed the Declaration of the United Nations with 25 other countries, which legally laid down the conditions for the abolition of unequal treaties.
In order to unite China in the war against Japan, the United States and Britain successively signed the "New Treaty of Equality between China and the United States" and the "New Treaty of Equality between China and Britain." Under the influence of this, Norway, Canada, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Portugal, Spain and other countries have signed similar new treaties.
Although the old treaties had been abolished, Chiang Kai-shek signed hundreds of treaties with Western countries after the war that betrayed sovereignty, such as the Sino-American Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation, and the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance.
The Sino-US Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation was appraised by democratic activist Qian Jiaju as the "new 21 Treaty," and he believed that this treaty was more serious than the "21 Treaty" that undermined China's sovereignty.
Similarly, the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance was considered an unequal treaty. In order to abolish these unequal treaties, ** and the leaders of New China have made great efforts.
On February 14, 1950, China signed a series of agreements with the Soviet Union**, including the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance, the Agreement on the Changchun Railway of China, the Port of Arthur and Dalian, and the Agreement on Loans from the Soviet Union to the People's Republic of China.
These agreements have won us the strong support and assistance of the Soviet Union in the political, economic, and technological fields, and have won us a relatively stable international environment and material foundation, and the Sino-Soviet border issue has also been temporarily shelved.
However, as time went on, the ideological differences between the two sides grew, and Khrushchev even unilaterally tore up economic contracts, removed technical experts, and undermined friendly relations between the two countries.
As a result, the Sino-Soviet border dispute had to be faced and resolved. In September 1963, our country submitted a proposal to the Soviet Union to resolve the "problem of unequal treaties".
On February 8, 1964, the first meeting of the first Sino-Soviet border negotiations was held in Beijing. During the negotiations, we said that although the "Aihui Treaty" and the "Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty" signed by Tsarist Russia and the Qing Dynasty were unequal treaties, we were still willing to abide by these treaties and clearly demarcate the border line on the basis of ensuring the interests of both sides.
However, the Soviet side refused to admit that there was a border problem between the two sides, and then said that there was no "inequality" in the treaty signed between Tsarist Russia and Qing **.
This has led to an impasse in the negotiations, which have been inconclusive. It was not until July 10, 1964 that ** met with Japanese Socialist figures Sasaki and others in Beijing.
During this period, a representative of Japan asked *** to share his views on the issue of the USSR and the Kuril Islands. ** After a little muttering, he said: "They occupy too much space, more than a hundred years ago, they crossed the east of Lake Baikal, including Boli, Vladivostok, and Kamchatka, and there are many accounts ......that we have not yet settled with them"In general, this history shows that although China and the Soviet Union have differences on certain issues, as long as we solve them with honesty and sincerity, we will be able to find a solution to the problem.
On July 13, three major Japanese newspapers put ***'s speech in a prominent position, making his speech quickly spread around the world. The Soviet side was very shocked by this, because the speech seemed to imply that China wanted to overthrow the 19 border treaties signed by Tsarist Russia and the Qing Dynasty, including the "Aihui Treaty" and the "Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty", and to "calculate the territorial ledger".
Therefore, the Soviet delegation immediately took action and reached an agreement with us that more than 400 disputed islands on the Chinese side, including Zhenbao Island, and about 600 square kilometers of disputed water, should be assigned to China on the section bounded by the Heilongjiang and Ussuri rivers, and the center line of the main channel of the two rivers.
It can be said that what ** said to the Japanese Socialist Party greatly gave a great impetus to the negotiation process. However, saying such things is not a whim, but a deliberate one.
He gave a detailed explanation of the matter when he met with Albanian Defence Minister Baluku on 9 October of that year. He said: "Khrushchev, if you don't fire a few empty cannons at him, he is not comfortable.
We set off some empty cannons to make him nervous. The aim is to achieve a reasonable state of borders, a boundary treaty. However, Khrushchev later completely rejected the outcome of the first Sino-Soviet border negotiations.
In fact, the Sino-Russian border negotiations can be called the longest negotiations in history, the negotiations in February 1964 were only the beginning, and then intermittently, until 1991, the "Agreement on the Eastern Section of the Central Boundary" was signed, and in 2004, the "Supplementary Agreement on the Eastern Section of the Central Boundary" was signed.