In the golden autumn of 1952, Confucius's hometown——Qufu County, Shandong Province, ushered in a group of important guests.
Accompanied by Yang Shangkun, Xu Shiyou and the main leaders of Shandong Province, they came to Qufu by special train to visit the "Three Holes" (Confucius Mansion, Confucian Temple, and Confucian Forest)., Secretary of the Qufu County Party CommitteeConfucius jadeHe personally received the group and explained the monuments.
But just when everyone was in high spirits and enthusiasm,There was a loud "bang" in the distance, which made the nerves of everyone present tense.
In fact, as early as 1920, ** had already visited the Confucian Temple in Qufu, and this time it was actually a revisit.
After the Xinhai Revolution, the revolutionaries succeeded in overthrowing the rule of the Qing DynastyHowever, the feudal ideology and feudal system are still deeply rooted in the land of China.
Therefore, at that time, a large number of advanced Chinese intellectuals, represented by Chen Duxiu, launched an ideological emancipation movement against feudalism, which was later familiar to everyone"New Culture Movement".
With the slogan of democracy and science, the New Culture Movement strongly attacked the old ideas of Confucius and other "sages", and vigorously disseminated new ideasIt shook the dominance of feudal ideology in China for thousands of years.
Chen Duxiu also wrote in the magazine "New Youth":“……You must have a thorough consciousness and a courageous determination, otherwise you will not be stuffed, and you will not be able to do it! ”
Because of the urgent needs of the times at that time, the New Culture Movement carried out a "one-size-fits-all" approach to Confucius, socially"Down with the Confucian shop".The cries came and went.
Naturally, the young *** was also influenced by the new culture, and he was founded in Hunan at that timeXinmin SocietyThe purpose is to promote new ideas, and he also goes around raising moneyI want to go to France with my classmates to work and study and open my eyes to the world.
However, in 1920, on the way to Shanghai to send the second batch of Xinmin Society members abroadgradually dispelled the idea of going to Franceand decided to give up the spot to someone else. Such a decision had a lot to do with his first visit to the Temple of Confucius.
At that time, ***'s funds simply could not support him to travel from Beijing to Shanghai, he touched all over his body, and finally could only buy a ticket to Tianjin, and later *** recalled: "I don't know what to do after that." ”
However, there is no way out of the mountains and rivers, and the willows and flowers are bright and another villageA friend who teaches at the Confucian School borrowed ten yuan for ***, which solved his urgent need.
** All the way south, which passed through Qufu, at that time almost all the children were learning the Analects from an early age, pursuing the rites of Confucius and MenciusNow that I have arrived at the hometown of the "saint", wouldn't it be a pity not to take a look?
I also want to take this opportunity to think carefully about how to deal with Confucianism. What exactly did Confucius oppose? In the words of ***, "I'm looking for a way out." ”
During the period in Qufu, ** visited everywhere, not only saw the "three holes", visited the tomb of Confucius, but also went to the Yihe River where Confucius and the students were satisfied, the former residence of Yan Hui, the birthplace of Mencius, and so on.
As I set foot in more and more places, ** suddenly realized,If you don't have a clear understanding of the situation in your own country, can you find a path suitable for China when you go abroad? Can foreign gadgets satisfy the appetite of this ancient land of China?
** Later, with old friends American journalistsSay when chatting:"All of a sudden, I don't want to go to Europe, and I think it's better to focus on China. ”
As it turned out, the choice was the right oneIn the subsequent revolutionary career, he was always able to peel off the cocoon and find the most essential problems.
The revolutionary road of "encircling the cities from the countryside and seizing power by armed force" can only be put forward by those who have a deep grasp of the current situation in Chinese society.
More than 30 years later, ** returned to Qufu, he wanted to see what changes there were and what kind of gains he could have. Later, Confucius Confuyu, secretary of the Qufu County Party Committee, recalled the scene of that year, and couldn't help but want to cry ...... excitedly
On October 28, 1952, Confucius looked at the approaching convoy, his hands trembling with excitement and excitement.
Finally, it wasn't until the figure of *** Wei'an slowly got in front of him that Confucius Confucius came back to his senses and shouted with a smile:"Good! ”
Seeing this, he also laughed, and shook hands with everyone present with his broad palm, and nodded and said "yes, yes" in response.
"Today, I will accompany you on the tour and take on the task of docent, and the chiefs will go this way......”Seeing that *** was amiable, Confucius Yu slowly calmed down and began to enter the working state.
Under his leadership, a group of people leisurely walked into the Confucian Temple from the Yucui Gate, and what came into view was"Thirteen Tablet Pavilion".The above content is basically a record of the emperors of the past dynasties worshipping and repairing the Confucian Temple in the Confucian Temple.
After passing through the Dacheng Gate, and then bypassing the "apricot altar" set up by Confucius's lectures, we came to the main building of the Confucian TempleDacheng Hallin front of you.
Dacheng Hall was built in the Tang Dynasty, and now it was rebuilt during the Yongzheng period of the Qing DynastyThe Dacheng Hall is surrounded by 28 dragon stone pillars.
Everyone knows that the dragon pattern can only be used for the royal family, and if you use it privately, you will be killedThis shows the status of Confucius in the hearts of the ancients.
Legend has it that when Qianlong came to the Dacheng Hall to worship Kong, in order not to let the emperor feel dissatisfied after seeing itThe minions deliberately wrapped all the pillars in red cloth on that day.
"The change of dynasty not only did not let Confucianism die, but the status of Confucius became higher and higher, from the very beginning of Lu Aigong called him 'Nun Father, to the Yuan Dynasty was crowned 'Dacheng Most Holy Wenxuan King'. ”
After listening to Confucius's explanation of the names of Confucius's generations, ** also humorously interjected:"Old Man Kong is so lucky, there is progress every year, and there are seals from generation to generation. ”
After visiting the Confucian Temple, everyone returned the same way and wentConfuciusThe Confucian Mansion is the mansion where the descendants of Confucius lived for a long time, and the hall also enshrines Confucius's clothes.
After the attention and expansion of successive dynasties, the Confucian Mansion gradually became a nine-entry courtyard, with a total of 463 rooms and an area of 240 acres.
General Xu Shiyou, who was born poor and had a straightforward personality, originally felt a little uncomfortable when he saw the Confucian Temple entering the courtyard several timesNow that the Confucian Mansion in front of me is so big, I am even more angry in my heart.
He thought to himself: It is said that Confucius is a saint, but his family is so magnificent, it turns out that he is a hypocrite. Then he couldn't help but whisper: "Confucius turned out to be a big landowner." ”
After hearing Xu Shiyou's words, he said to Confucius with a smile"Look at our generals, they hate the feudal landlords. ”
Then he turned around and said to Xu Shiyou: "Everything has to look at both sides, during the New Culture Movement, I knew you about the same."But after going to the Temple of Confucius to experience it first-hand, I changed my mind.
After the enlightenment of *** words, Xu Shiyou also realized that he was a little impulsive, and it was indeed rude to speak ill of Confucius in front of the descendants of Confucius.
So he quickly apologized to Confucius"Comrade Ziyu, I'm sorry, I'm a rough person, sometimes I can't talk more than my head, I don't have an opinion on Old Master Confucius, but I'm too disgusted with the former feudal society. ”
Confucius also smiled and said:"The chief's words are serious, didn't he say it, we must learn to criticize and self-criticize, since Confucius is a sage, he has to withstand the criticism of the people. ”
Everyone walked around for a long time, and Confucius was afraid that his body would not be able to bear it, so he suggested that everyone rest in Confucius Mansion for a while, drink a glass of water and then goKong Lin,**gladly agreed.
Seeing that the time was about the same, everyone set off by car, but on the wayThere was also a small episode.
At that time, the convoy drove directly into Kong Lin and stopped near the tomb of ConfuciusWhen they boarded the "Sususu Bridge" together, they only heard a "bang".
Everyone's nerves tensed up instantly, and Confucius and the guards immediately blocked in front of ***But *** still said lightly: "It's okay, do you know how to shoot here?" ”
"Sometimes, Chairman, let's go down first. "How could Confucius Yu still have the heart to answer ***'s question seriously at this time, and he was about to walk under the bridge with his help.
At this time, a staff member also ran over, panting and said:"Chairman, there is no situation, it is just that the tire of a jeep has burst. ”When everyone heard this, they breathed a sigh of relief.
On the same day, he visited until it was dark and did not leave, and he reluctantly wanted to take a look at other monuments, but unfortunately the itinerary had already been planned.
Confucius recalled: "We said goodbye to *** on the side of the road, and he said that if he had the opportunity, he would come again." ”
He also recorded the meeting in his diary:After two days of preparation, I finally met and entertained the 'guests', a day I will never forget.
Although *** never returned to Qufu after that,But the two trips to the Confucian Temple still left a deep impression on him.
In 1955, in a document on cooperatives, it was written:"Confucius has run a school for so many years, and although he has cultivated countless talents, the poor life of the people of Qufu for more than 2,000 years has not changed. ”
Now that the cooperative has been established, the appearance of the countryside has undergone earth-shaking changesIt can be proved that socialism and the wisdom of the broad masses of the people are far better than the rigid 'scriptures'.
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