In the context of this special era, a group of literati and scholars have been produced that future generations will never forget"Bamboo Forest Yashi", "Zhongchao Yashi", "Tao Yuanming".The literati and scholars represented by him are even more highly respected.
In the Tang Dynasty,"With political and religious ethics, with comparison, it is very prosperous".and, therefore,The Tang Dynasty's acceptance of the wine customs of the Wei and Jin literati had the characteristics of a new era.
Although in the early days, due to the idea of unifying Juche,It had a certain suppressive effect on the drinking habits of the literati of the Wei and Jin dynastiesHowever, due to the complementarity of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, this trend has not disappeared.
Either wayWang Ji, who entered the Tang Dynasty from the end of the Sui Dynasty, or one of the "Four Masters"., they all aspire to the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty and their ambitions, however, talented people may not necessarily be valued.
So,While admiring the beauty of the Tang Dynasty, they inevitably felt the disappointment of the literati and ink writers in themselves, so imitating the drinking habits of the Wei and Jin literati became a way for them to alleviate this emotion.
After Wang Ji retired, he imitated the booze of the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties, showing his casual life realm, and in his poetry creation, he often pulled the literati of different eras on himself, making them his own personality symbols.
Wang Ji's "After Getting Drunk", "The Theme of the Drama Bu Paves the Wall".Although the reasons and meanings of their drinking are different, in his work, this distinction is almost gone. But the gap between Wang Ji and them needs to be paid attention to.
Because of the different clubs, Wang Ji's personality is also different from other scholars.
Like Nguyen"The Man of Bamboo"., in the dark and bloody Wei and Jin successions, to"Dao".As enemies, in fact, they are the opposite of the "Taoism", they seem to be open and chic, but their bones are often full of sadness and even despair.
Tao Qian's expansiveness is to return to the origin, stay away from dark and dirty politics, and abandon the glory and wealth of the worldLooking for the sustenance of life in the countryside, looking for spiritual solace there, there, what he wants to do is to return to the source. ”
Wang JiThe setbacks in officialdom eventually led him to retreat into the background, and his alcoholism probably came from this. Therefore, imitate the Wei and Jin celebrities to drink,In fact, it is to vent his loneliness, anger and dissatisfaction, in order to show his pursuit of free personality.
Obviously, this is very different from Tao Yuanming's drinking to get real fun and show his poetry and wine lifeIt is also incomparable with the pain of the bamboo forest celebrity who drinks to avoid disaster, and his drinking is a kind of arrogance that does not eat the fireworks of the world.
Similar to the escaping Wang Ji, although other literati in the early Tang Dynasty were all officials in the court, their careers were not all smooth sailing.
Among them,Although the "Four Heroes" had high talents, their status was not high, which led them to imitate the words and deeds of the Wei and Jin literati to express their regrets.
They often mingled with other ministers, sang poems and songs, and lived a leisurely life, and those who liked to drink, and what happened to them, were topics they talked about with great relish.
Since the Tang Dynasty, Tao Yuanming has had more and more readers, and he has more and more friends.
From emperors to celebrities to ordinary literati and writers, most of them like to be intoxicated, and often revel in drinking at parties. The four people in the early Tang Dynasty were one of them.
In fact, whether it is a celebrity, or an ordinary literati,Not only did they "appreciate Tao Yuanming's character happily, and often talked about Tao Yuanming's hobby of good wine at banquets and other group occasions", but at the same time, they also envied other Wei and Jin celebrities.
In their works, those absurd and uninhibited literati and ink writers often appear in their works as foils and ornaments.
"I'm sorry that I'm just a mortal man, but I like to spend my days drinking. Hate Lin Quan is not as good as people, Ji and Ruan Fei are when they are depressed, there are good days, good weather, and good grapes. ”Wang Bo's "Preface to the Banquet of the Zhong Family".
"As soon as the prince touched his interest, he was like a flat boat, drifting with the wind. When Uncle Ji saw it, he went happily. Guzheng products, founded in Linqiong; Good swim in the mouth, do not hesitate. ”Wang Bo "Yuwen Deyang Mansion Autumn Night Mountain Pavilion Banquet Preface".Similar"Dependency".There are countless examples of Wei Jinshi people.
Although the poet hoped to have a good time with the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties, this was only a good wish after all.
They though"Words lead to the fun of good wine"., but it is different from Tao Yuanming's real drinking, and it is mostly the style of his entourage at the banquet.
Although they also want to be able to withRuan Ji, Ji KangSuch celebrities become friends, but because of the different eras, it is difficult for them to experience that sad feeling again.
It can be said thatPoetry of the early Tang DynastyIt not only continued the previous dynasties to express the sorrow of the scholars who were unblessed by praising the Wei and Jin scholars for drinking, but also inherited them by the Sheng, middle and late Tang dynastiesTherefore, the influence of early Tang Dynasty poetry on the drinking habits of Wei Jinshi doctors has the significance of inheriting the past and opening up the future.
During the Tang Dynasty, due to economic prosperity, political enlightenment, and freedom of thought, these are the main reasons that influenced its drinking habits with the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties.
Although it looks like the Tang Dynasty on the surface, there are actually many differences.
"Tang Dynasty spirit" is a new quintessence of the country
From the evolution of the relationship between the personality of the scholar and the metaphysics, the three main characteristics are: natural suitability, transcendence, innovation, and diversification of spiritual needs.
The doctors of the Tang Dynasty have no "internal worries" in the traditional sense, and have better realized the perfect combination of "Shiyin" and "metaphysics".
Therefore, their character will be more complete, their reason will be more peaceful, and their aesthetics will be more powerfulFrom the acceptance of the Wei and Jin literati wine in the Tang Dynasty poetry circle, we can have a deeper understanding of the mentality of the literati wine in the Tang Dynasty poetry circle, and get a glimpse of the connection between the two.
The literati of the Tang Dynasty were full of vitality, their lives were full of vitality, they dared to do anything, even if they suffered a huge blow, they would soon be able to regain their strength.
They wandered among the mountains and rivers, searched for immortals, recited poems and drank wine, and pursued the ideal of life with an otherworldly spirit. As a result, his drinking style was also different from that of the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties.
Compared with the early Tang Dynasty, the poetry of the Tang Dynasty inherited the praise of the drinking mood of the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties, but in this respect, it has obviously been more developed.
During the Tang Dynasty, they either used it as a title to praise it or used it as a reference, showing a unique artistic style.
Wang Wei's "Six Accidental Songs"., there is a praiseTao Yuanming drinksThis is a song closely around one"Wine".The poem written by the word: "Tao Qianren is the world, and his temperament is good for wine." Now that you have left the officialdom, you can't be poor anymore. On September 9, my hands were empty.
I thought to myself, what if someone sent it to me? Dressed in a white robe and carrying a pot, he really left the old man here. Thinking and happy, I want to compete with An Wensheng.
Cultivating the fields, today lives up to expectations, pride has lost its way, drunk dreams and dies, Tao Yuanming's booze is written vividly
StillWang WeiIn this way, there are not many poems written specifically for the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties, most of them are imitations, or written by themselves, so the image of the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties in wine will be shaped.
"Take a five-day break and swim in the bamboo forest together. ”
Meng Haoran's "Banquet and Two Mansions": "Ruan Gong only cares about drinking, and Tao Ling is willing to be bitter."
But in the Tang Dynasty, this aspect was weakened. The theme of the poem is more distinct, and the atmosphere is more lively, so it is different from the poetry of the early Tang Dynasty.
They bring to life those who are worried about avoiding the disaster, making people feel that they are being unruly.
Such as:"The Book of Jin: A Brief Biography of the Mountain".
"In the third year of Yongjia, he was the general of the expedition to the south, and the military of the four states of Jingxiang and Guangzhou, and was stationed in Xiangyang to show his loyalty.Jian Youyou died at the age of death, only for drinking and delayed the Xi family, is one of the richest families in Jingcheng, there is a beautiful pond, people often go out to play, the pond is full of fine wine, intoxicating, so it is called Gaoyang Pond.At that time, there was chaos in all directions, the world fell apart, Wang Wei plummeted, and the ministers were in panic. ”
There is a nursery rhyme that sings:
"What a man in the mountains, climb the pool of Gaoyang. Day and night are not drunk, drunk and dream of death. When he was able to ride a horse, he fell down a bamboo fence. I raised my horsewhip and asked, "How can Ge Qiang be compared to me and the state?" The strong clan is in Bingzhou, and I am General Jane Eyre. ”
Drinking in the mountains is a kind of uninhibited life in order to protect oneself, with a strong sense of tragedy, and in the Tang Dynasty, this sense of tragedy has been completely diluted.
We don't need to know whether the poets of the Tang Dynasty know the real purpose of Baishan Jane's drinking, but we can see thatThey have abandoned the negative factors of Shanjian's drinking, and instead transformed it into a way of drinking with the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty.
Moreover, such changes are not limited to one person, but are widely reflected in the poetry of the literati of the Tang Dynasty.
Although there are some distortions in the literati paintings of the Tang Dynasty, this also reflects a special state in the literati paintings of the Tang Dynasty. Although the poets of the Tang Dynasty were born in the prosperous era, they could not escape the fate of scholars.
Even Gao Shi is the same. Therefore, they often express their sorrow and loneliness through the drinking of celebrities and celebrities in the Wei and Jin dynasties.
However, the drinking style of the Tang Dynasty did not belong to this period, it was more of an optimistic and heroic atmosphere, the most typical of which is Li Bai.
Li Bai, like all Tang Dynasty poets, was an alcoholic, and even loved to drink more than them.
He not only imitated the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties, but also dared to show an extremely heroic spirit and a unique personality with a kind of arrogant bearing.
It is worth noting that in the rest of the Tang Dynasty, there was no such characteristic, because the poetry of the Tang Dynasty, like the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty, was short-lived.
The relationship between the poets of the Tang Dynasty and the drinking demeanor of the celebrities of the Wei and Jin dynasties is manifested in the following aspects: First, the poets of the Tang Dynasty not only imitated but also rejected the drinking demeanor of the celebrities of the Wei and Jin dynasties, and the voices of admiration were overwhelmingly dominant.
More poets associate it with the drinking posture of the Wei and Jin scholars, or to express their unwillingness to live, or to relieve their inner conflicts and pains.
Secondly, although the poets of these four periods imitatedThe literati of the Wei and Jin dynastiesThe art of wine, showing a certain degree of commonality, however, in"Appearance".After that, there is a greater extent"God is gone"., and each period exhibits different characteristics of the times.
The development of poetry and wine culture in the Tang Dynasty also made the poets of the Tang Dynasty chooseWei and Jin celebrities drinking demeanorOne of the main reasons for this poetry and wine culture is that poetry and wine are closely linked.
"Poetry and Wine".It is a kind of poetry to reflect the culture of wine, which is an art that integrates poetry with traditional Chinese wine, and better shows the charm of poetry.
Therefore, the poetry and wine of the Tang Dynasty do not represent only the wine of the Tang Dynasty, but the culture of a period.