Wuhan people like to marinate bacon and sausages, how can they eat delicious and healthy? With the increase in visiting relatives and friends, gatherings and dinners, how to prevent intestinal norovirus infestation? New Year's goods and materials are greatly abundant, how to save leftovers? The Spring Festival is approaching, and Ma Hongfei, deputy director of the Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition of the Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, explained in detail "safety on the tip of the tongue".
The bacon sausage is delicious
There is a particular way to eat it
Bacon sausage is an indispensable "hard dish" on the Chinese New Year's Eve dinner of Wuhan people. However, disease control experts remind that because pickled and smoked foods contain benzopyrene and nitrite, they can only be eaten as accompaniments, so don't be gluttonous.
Ma Hongfei introduced that when buying bacon, you must go to the regular market and choose bacon with moderate fat, thinness, crystal clearness, full meat quality and elasticity. Pre-packaged food should pay attention to the integrity of the packaging, no air leakage or swelling bag, do not choose bacon that is too red and bright in color, but choose products with dry surface, tough and elastic.
Home-made lap-mei, one is to go to supermarkets or farmers' markets to buy raw meat with quarantine certificates and guaranteed quality; Second, the pickling process should be clean and hygienic; The third is to pay attention to the curing environment, generally choose the cold weather with low temperature and low air humidity, so as to facilitate the water dispersion loss and flavor formation of cured bacon products, and inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
Bacon: It should be soaked in water before consumption and then washed to remove surface dust and other harmful microorganisms. When cooking bacon, first boil it in water to dissolve the nitrite in the bacon, and then choose the cooking method of stir-frying, stewing and steaming, and pay attention to avoid frying. When steaming or stir-frying, garlic, chili pepper, ginger and other spices can be added, which can not only help inhibit nitrate-reducing bacteria in the stomach, reduce nitrate content, but also enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis, promote the secretion of digestive juices, and accelerate the catabolism of harmful substances.
Don't let the feast become a "leftover feast".
Overnight dishes are up to overnight
Leftovers not only lose their nutritional value, but also breed bacteria and lead to food poisoning when stored improperly, so the Spring Festival table should also be reasonably prepared to avoid the feast becoming a "leftover feast".
Ma Hongfei introduced that compared with meat food, green leafy vegetables will produce more nitrite in the process of storage, and the antioxidants and vitamin C and folic acid are also lost after storage and repeated heating. Don't eat leftovers of meat and vegetables in cold dishes, as unheated cooking is more likely to breed bacteria. Seafood is rich in protein and can easily spoil, so remember to eat as much as you want, and eat it when the meal is cooked.
If you anticipate that there will be leftovers in the meal, you can divide portions in advance before serving them to reduce contamination of the food. Leftovers should be covered with plastic wrap or sealed in a crisper box, and put in the refrigerator in time. Experts remind that although leftovers can be eaten, overnight dishes can only be left overnight at most, and must be "fully heated" before eating, that is, heated to 100 and kept boiling for more than 5 minutes.
In addition, in recent years, there have been many cases of rice fermented acid poisoning in the country, which have led to many deaths, which requires vigilance. Foods that cause rice fermentation acid poisoning have one thing in common during the production process, which is that they are fermented or soaked for a long time. In daily life, the foods that we come into contact with mainly include fermented cereal products, potato products, fungus and white fungus. Among them, cereal fermented foods include rice noodles, rice rolls, sour soups, hanging pulp cakes, rice cakes, corn starch, etc. Potato products include vermicelli, sweet potato noodles, wide flour, sweet potato starch, etc. Citizens should pay attention to the fact that the soaking water should be clean, the soaking time should not exceed 2 hours, and the food after soaking should be eaten in time, not overnight.
Increased movement and gathering of people
Beware of norovirus infection
Norovirus infectious diarrhea is endemic worldwide, with a high incidence during the cold season. The detection rate of norovirus in children under 5 years of age with diarrhea in China is about 15%. During the Spring Festival, there are more opportunities to travel, visit relatives and friends, and have reunion dinners, so it is necessary to be especially vigilant against foodborne diseases caused by norovirus.
Ma Hongfei introduced that norovirus has the characteristics of short incubation period, strong infectivity, diverse transmission routes, and strong environmental resistance. Common symptoms of norovirus infectious diarrhea mainly include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, headache, fever, chills and muscle aches. The disease is a self-limiting disease, there is no vaccine and no specific medicine, and paying attention to personal hygiene, food and water hygiene is the key to preventing the disease.
According to experts, the source of norovirus infection is mostly mild patients or asymptomatic carriers, and it is mainly transmitted through the "fecal-oral" route, including ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces or vomit from patients, and indirect contact with contaminated environmental surfaces. It is important to note that norovirus tends to hide in seafood, and eating seafood contaminated with norovirus is prone to illness.
To prevent norovirus infection, it is necessary to beware of "disease entering the mouth from the mouth". Citizens and friends should wash their hands carefully before and after eating, do not touch young children without washing their hands, and pay attention to washing their hands before and after changing diapers. Separate raw and cooked foods from processed foods, and avoid eating undercooked and thoroughly cooked foods, especially shellfish and other aquatic products. Drink water to a boil before drinking, and wash raw fruits and vegetables carefully. When eating out, pay attention to choosing a restaurant that is formal and has good hygienic conditions. Avoid contact with patients with diarrhea, clean up the vomit and pollutants of sick and suspected patients in a timely manner, and regularly disinfect the surfaces of objects in the kitchen and bathroom.
*: Yangtze River ** Wuhan client).