In the autumn of the third year of Tianbao (744 AD), three unsatisfactory famous poets met, and the meeting was fate, and they traveled togetherBianzhou(Kaifeng),Songzhou(Shangqiu), ascended after being drunkBlow table(In the southeast Yuwangtai Park of Kaifeng City, Henan Province, it is said to be the platform of the first family teacher in the Spring and Autumn Period), generous and nostalgic. They are 43-year-old Li Bai, 41-year-old Gao Shi and 32-year-old Du Fu. The trip to the Liang and Song dynasties greatly enhanced the friendship between the three men, and it was a major event in the history of Chinese literature, which has always been talked about.
At the end of the trip, the trio went their separate ways and set out on their own way. Although Li Bai seems to be".Look up to the sky and laugh and go outHow can I be a Penghao man?But in his bones, he still wants to "enter the office by name" in order to get rid of the identity of a businessman; Du Fu, born in Jingzhao Du, has devoted his life to "".To Jun Yao ShunThen make the customs pure”；Not to mention Gao Shi, he is the protector of AntonGao KanThe grandson, born in a famous family, has been determined to serve the country since he was a child. So the three of them can be said to be sympathetic to each other, sympathetic to each other, and similar depression makes the relationship between the three people closer.
The wheels of the times rolled forward, pushing the fate of the three people to the front of the stage.
In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (755),Anshi RebellionErupted, An Lushan is inFan Yang(now Zhuozhou, Hebei) rebelled in the name of "Qingjun side", captured Tongguan, and approached Chang'an. Tang Xuanzong fled west with a group of henchmen and divided his troops with the crown prince Li Heng at Maweipo. Soon, Xuanzong was crowned the crown princeLee HengFor the marshal of the world's soldiers and horses, the envoy of the four towns, he ordered him to recover Chang'an and Luoyang, and at the same time sealed the king of YongLi LanFor the four towns festival envoy, Sheng WangLi QiHe is the governor of Guangling, the envoy of the three towns, and the king of FengLi HuiHe was the governor of Wuwei and the envoy of the four towns, and ordered the kings to rebel on their own.
Lee Hyung was there shortly afterLingwu(now Lingwu City, Ningxia) called the emperor, is for Tang Suzong, Xuanzong who entered Shu from afar as the emperor, the Tang Dynasty fell into an unprecedented crisis. Gao Shi, who was over half a hundred years old, gave up the petty official of chicken ribs and joined the envoy of LongyoujieGoshuhanThe shogunate began to embark on the road to development. After Li Bai avoided the chaos for a while, under the hospitality of Yongwang Li Lan's "three visits to the thatched house", he followed Li Lan to rebel. Du Fu was besieged for more than a year after the fall of Chang'an, and then fled to Lingwu to follow the imperial court.
With the same ideal of serving the country, the three of them embarked on different paths. From then on, the fate of the three people was involuntary and was taken in different directions.
At the beginning of the Anshi Rebellion, because Tang Xuanzong listened to the rumors, he was a generalFeng ChangqingGao Xianzhiwas killed by mistake, and had to use the sick Ge Shuhan, but he didn't fully trust him, and hastily met the enemy, resulting in the loss of Tongguan. After the defeat of Ge Shuhan, Gao Shi, as a staff member, was not discouraged, and he decided to meet Tang Xuanzong. Running all the way, finally hereHechi County(now Fengxian County, Baoji City, Shaanxi) met Xuanzong. Gao Shi went to "The Situation of the Defeat of Chen Tongguan", while analyzing the reasons for the defeat of Tongguan, while comforting Xuanzong, who avoided chaos in Shu. Xuanzong Longxin is happy, and Feng Gaoshi is the history of serving the emperor.
After Xuanzong officially passed on the throne of Suzong, Yongwang Li Xuan rebelled. Tang Suzong appointed Gao Shi as the imperial historian, the governor of Yangzhou and the envoy of Huainan Jiedu, and led the troops to attack Li Luan.
Li Bai is a great poet, but he is not politically minded. When Tang Suzong crusaded against King Yong, Li Bai also firmly believed that King Yong, whom he followed, was a teacher of justice. “But with Dongshan Xie AnshiFor you to talk and laugh quietly Husha", comparing himself to Xie An," he saidThe south wind swept away the silenceWest into Chang'an to the Japanese sideStill naïve looking forward to recovering Chang'an as soon as possible, the poem is full of Li Bai's hesitation and his praise for King Yong. But unfortunately he was on the wrong side, and King Yong rebelled, and these hymns became ironclad evidence of his conviction.
The struggle for imperial power is bloody and cruel, and the one who is unlucky in the end must be the one who loses. Four months after King Yong's army, he was defeated and killed, and Li Bai went down as a rebelXunyangHell, all around is a shouting of killing. The ideal of great ambition was not only not realized, but was in prison, and Li Bai, who was desperate, began to save himself, he remembered his friend Gao Shi, isn't it Huainan Festival at this moment?
Li Bai was full of joy, and wrote a poem "Sending Zhang Xiucai to High School", praising Gao Shi, saying that there was Zhang Liang in the past, and now there is Gao Shi, and Gao Shi is called Gao Shi".Gaogong Town HuaihaiTalking and laughing, but enchanting", and finally said as if he was about to shed tears," he saidBut shed a line of tearsWhat a cloud
However, Gao Shi did not reply. The boat of Li Bai and Gao Shi's friendship capsized as soon as he said it, and the two have not been in contact since then. Later in the Prime MinisterCui Lian, Yushi ZhongchengSong RuosiWith the help of others, Li Bai was released, but he was still exiledYoro(now Yelang Town, Tongzi County, Guizhou), the year is 758, when Du Fu was 47 years old and joined the army as the secretary of Huazhou.
People in later generations are always curious, his friend is in prison, why didn't Gao Shi save him when he saw death? The truth is hard to know, and we can try to figure it out
First,High adaptability can be savedBut he didn't want to saveThis shows that he is a standard officialFor their own careerBury your heart deep。Gao Shi sought an official all his life, but he didn't get one until he was 46 years old."Lieutenant Feng Qiu(equivalent to the director of the Fengqiu County Public Security Bureau). In the year Li Bai was imprisoned, Gao Shi was 54 years old and was awarded the Huainan Festival Envoy, which can be described as a high authority and realized the ideal of making contributions for many years. What's more, Li Bai was involved in an unusual case, and later tried his best to rescue Li Bai's Cui Lian, and it didn't take long for him to take ".Confused by listeningfor the subordinatesThere are not one abusive entrantsSmelled of incompetence(Demagoguery and obedience, being deceived by his subordinates, more than one person who abused his position, and became famous for being incompetent) as the reason for the dismissal of all positions, the danger of saving Li Bai can be seen.
Second,Gao Shi can't be saved at all。Li Bai was involved in a case of rebellion, which was a crime of rebellion in the Tang Dynasty. It is estimated that no one dares to save it, so can it be saved by virtue of Gao Shi's identity as the governor of Yangzhou and the envoy of Huainan Jiedu? Not necessarily, I'm afraid
Third,Gao Shi may have been savedBut there is no record in the history books。is like the movie "Thirty Thousand Miles of Chang'an" in which Gao Shi entrusted the prime minister and the secretary of the military departmentGuo ZiyiIt is also possible to save Li Bai. I can write it".Don't worry about the road ahead, there is no one to knowNo one in the world knows you"Such an open-minded and cheerful famous poem, shouldn't be so narrow-minded, Gao Shi can't say it if he completely lets it go.
In the years that followed, Li Bai was exiled and pardoned; Gao Shi has soared all the way, but he knows his bitterness; Only Du Fu sticks to his heart and lives, so his career is particularly difficult. After Du Fu resigned from Huazhou Sigong to join the army, he driftedQinzhou(now Tianshui, Gansu), and then transferred to Chengdu several times. Gao Shi served as the assassin of Pengzhou at this time, and later transferred to the history of Shuzhou. When Du Fu was struggling to survive in Shuzhong, thanks to his friend Gao Shi's repeated relief.
And Li Bai never forgave Gao Shi again, and he wrote two poems in his later years, both of which were considered to be satirical to Gao Shi's work. He wrote in "Jun Ma Huang": ".Knowing each other is in troubleIt's good to be alone。"Friends know each other to help each other in times of crisis, and each takes care of each other at critical moments, what is the meaning of this friendship of friends? It can be seen that Li Bai still has a stomach for Gao Shi.
Another "Ballad of Konghou" says: ".Others are in every inchMountains and seas weigh thousands of timesAsk a friend lightlyOpposite the Nine Doubts Peak。"It is difficult to make close friends.
Du Fu has always maintained his friendship with Gao Shi, in addition to being grateful for his help in the most difficult time, Du Fu did not complain to him for his own ignorance later.
Gao Shi's official is getting bigger and bigger, and at the age of 58, he wrote "People Send Du Er's Legacy" to Du Fu, nostalgic for the years when he lived in the Liang and Song dynasties, and expressed his longing for his old friend Du Fu:
This year, people are reminiscingNext year, people will know where to go
One bedroom in the east of the mountain thirty springHow do you know that the book and sword are old and dusty
The dragon bell also weighed 2,000 stonesShame on the east, west, north and south
Du Fu always missed the friendship between the three of them, and he and Gao Shi met for the first time in Wenshang, Shandong Province in the twenty-seventh year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (739). Du Fu's thoughts about Li Bai ran through the second half of his life, and he wrote a lot of poems that missed Li Bai, and the most heart-wrenching thing was".The crown is covered with JinghuaThe Si people are alone and haggard
In 762, Li Bai died of poverty and illness. Three years later, Gao Shi died of illness, and was posthumously presented with the book of the Ministry of Gifts, nicknamed "Zhong". Eight years later, Du Fu died alone on a wrecked boat.
On the way home is the New Year