When Qin II was established, the world did not lead and watch its government, and the result was like this, so how could the heroes of the six countries of Shandong not be ready to move, what they are waiting for now is a leader who raises his arms and shouts, as for whether this person is virtuous or stupid, noble or not, it is not very important.
Daze Longfang stung, the Central Plains Lu Zhengfei, only three months after Qin II**, the 500-year-old Daqin Jiangshan was tossed by him to the point of dying. So, when a storm poured down in Daze Township, the gravediggers of the Great Qin Empire suddenly sprung up from all corners of the empire, stretching endlessly, and the momentum was amazing.
In July of the first year of Qin II (209 B.C.), a small army of 900 people drove to Daze Township, Qi County, Surabaya County (near today's Suzhou City, central Anhui Province), they were all sent by the empire to Yuyang (near present-day Beijing) to garrison the "Lu Zuo" people, Tang Dynasty Sima Zhen "Historical Records Suoyin" believes that the so-called Lu Zuo is exempt from conscription of military officials (Qin Shi reinstated people live in Lu Li Zuo), which shows that Qin II has too many engineering projects, and there is no one to levy, only to increase the law, The "suitability of these local military officials to Yuyang" was in fact to make them "criminalized" through various joint sitting systems, and then assigned to guard the frontier (Note 1).
There were two generals whose names were not left in the history books to escort the team, and they did not know that these 900 soldiers were the gravediggers of the empire, and of course, they were also theirs.
They also didn't know that among the 900 people, there were two generation heroes who were about to go down in history, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang.
Chen Sheng and Wu Guang's official position is the head of the tun, and they are also not big and small military officials (one tun is fifty people), and the title should be between the prince and the doctor. In addition, Chen Sheng's character was involved, Wu Guangzi was uncle, and the lower-class people's sense of surname was extremely indifferent at that time, and many of the epitaphs and deeds of the poor people in the late Qin and early Han dynasties had names (often slang) without surnames, let alone words, which shows that these two should at least be down-and-out scholars, not ordinary pariahs.
In this way, we can deeply understand their grievances. They were poor and dilapidated children in the big era, who had worked hard all their lives, and finally mixed from hired peasants to tun chiefs, and saw that they could achieve a class leap with a little more effort, but now they were used to the frontier, and the future was bleak, where was the way out?
At this time, it was still raining in Daze Township, and there was no way to continue to move forward, so they had to wait, wait for the rain to pass.
However, this rainstorm has been raining for too long and for too long, just as long as "the world has suffered Qin for a long time", and finally, they missed the schedule, what can be done, the Qin law is harsh, and the delay will kill the head (Note 2).
Faced with the crime of killing the head, Chen Sheng and Wu Guangxiang conspired: "If you die today, you will die, and you will die if you make a big plan. ”
Running away is also death, doing things is also death, it is all death, is it okay to die for the country? - It seems that Chen Sheng's move is for the "country", and this country, of course, is not the Qin Empire, but the Chu State. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang are both remnants of the Chu State with the status of Qin ** officials, and the reason for the incident is that they are completely disappointed in the Great Qin Empire where they work, so they want to "Heavenly Father and Earth Mother, oppose Qin and restore Chu", in short, it is by no means the so-called group of peasants in the textbook who want to overthrow the rule of the exploiting class.
Now that the motivation and goal of the move are in place, the next step is to discuss the brand of the move. Shopping malls need branding, and so does rebellion.
Chen Sheng analyzed: "The world has been suffering for a long time. I heard that the young son of the second emperor should not be established, and the person who should be established is the son of Fusu. Fusu was old and virtuous, but because of repeated admonitions to the first emperor, he was transferred out to supervise the northern army. The second usurped it, and killed him without sin. The people heard a lot about the sage of Fusu, but they didn't know about his death. Xiang Yan is a Chu general, a number of meritorious soldiers, love soldiers, and Chu people pity him. or think that he is dead, or that he is dead. If we want to start an incident, it is best to ask the famous sons Fusu and Xiang Yan (Note 3) to advocate for the world, and we will hear more people who respond. ”
Wu Guang heard it, this is a good way, they are both lonely and unknown, if they don't find some famous brands to come out and call on the masses, only rely on these 900 people, if they want to attack the Qin Dynasty, which is so powerful that it makes people tremble, I am afraid that they will die faster than going to Yuyang.
The plan has been decided, just do it, on the night of the dark wind and high murder in one month, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang invited two generals to drink, killed them while they were drunk, and then summoned the soldiers, and said: "Everyone, this behavior is blocked by the rain, and it has been a mistake. According to military law, they should all be beheaded. If the order is forgiven by luck and guards the frontier, the dead are also six or seven out of ten, what can I do? ”
The crowd was at a loss.
Chen Sheng replied: "Now the second lieutenant has been killed by the two of us!" ”
The crowd was shocked. Chen Sheng suddenly raised his arms and shouted, shouting a rather inflammatory slogan: "If a strong man does not die, he will become famous when he dies!" Princes and generals, rather have a kind! ”
Princes and generals, rather have a kind! The blood of the soldiers is boiling - making meritorious contributions, this is the lifelong dream of every hot-blooded man, doing a great career vigorously, and it is worth it to die! - Everyone then shouted in unison: "Da Chuxing, King Chen Sheng!" Da Chuxing, Chen Shengwang!! ...
The torrential rain violently slammed on everyone's fanatical faces and bodies, but it could not extinguish the raging desire for fame in their chests.
Chen Sheng is worthy of being an excellent expert in political agitation, and you must know that before the Qin Dynasty and even under the political system of the Qin Dynasty, scholars may be able to become generals through hard work. But it is almost impossible for the urban poor, who have no resources, to become officials, or even princes. In fact, at that time, the empire was full of fugitives and hard laborers, many of whom were heroes (Note 4), but everyone was afraid of the power of the tyrannical Qin, or limited by the mindset of the millennium, and most of them just wanted to be a happy mountain king, happy to live one day at a time, and never thought about overthrowing the empire and becoming the king.
Therefore, Chen Sheng's words not only pointed out an extremely dangerous but glorious path to all the heroes of the rivers and lakes, that is-to raise a big name, do great things, think about what the predecessors did not dare to do, do what the predecessors did not dare to do, and the humble body can also be called the king and the emperor!
So, the first shot of the rebellion against the tyrannical Qin fired, Chen Sheng established himself as a general, Wu Guang was the captain, known as the Great Chu, Daze Township in the First World War, Xia Qi (now Su County, Anhui) in the Second World War, and in the third World War, the counties of Xuan (Su County, Anhui), Yu (Yongcheng, Henan), Ku (Zhecheng, Henan), and Qian (Xiang County, Anhui) east of Keqi, and to the soldiers under Chen Cheng (now Huaiyang, Henan), Chen Shengjun has increased to six or seven hundred cars, more than 1,000 horses, and tens of thousands of deaths.
In just a few days, the rabble of 900 soldiers has become tens of thousands of heavily armed troops, and the speed of expansion is really ridiculously fast. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang keenly seized the best opportunity in history and created a miracle in one fell swoop!
is still the same sentence, although Chu has three households, the death of Qin will be Chu! The Chu people cherish their homeland and have a bitter hatred for Qin Jun, they love freedom, they miss the old order, and they can never stand the old-fashioned rule of law and tragic ** of the Qin Empire. So when Chen Sheng stepped forward, the people of Chu were boiling, going together and going together, turning the world upside down!
Chencheng, in ancient times, was the holy land of Fuxi, the capital of Chen in the Spring and Autumn Period, belonged to Chu after the Warring States Period, called Yingchen in the later period, Bai Qi fell into Yanying and was the former capital of Chu for 38 years, since the moment it was captured by Qin, the Chu people here have never stopped resisting, how many old Chu elites, heroes are dormant in this historical city, just waiting for the day when the group rises up!
Well, now that a powerful Chu State force has swept in, what are you waiting for, let's do something big together!
As a result, under the cooperation of the inside and the outside, the most important strategic base of the empire in the land of the old Chu was easily taken by Chen Sheng, and the people of Chu could be regarded as having their own revolutionary base. After fourteen years, the dispute between Qin and Chu has finally started again, and will become the dominant part of history in the next few years!
After Chen Sheng captured Chencheng, his power continued to expand, and it didn't take long for a large number of heroes and heroes to gather under his seat, including the disciples of Wei Wuji, the famous general of Wei State, Xinling Jun Wei Wuji, Zhang Er and Chen Yu, Wei Haojie Zhou Shi, Chu Shang Cai Haojie Cai Ci, Chu Chen famous scholars Wuchen and Shao Sao, etc., among which there were even Confucian ritual weapons thousands of miles to come to Confucius's descendant Kong Kun. Kong Kun is the eighth generation grandson of Confucius, his father Kong Shen used to be the minister of Wei, and he himself was once named Wentongjun by Qin Shi Huang (see "Que Li Genealogy"), this is a real Confucian and a son of a family, but entrusted to Chen Sheng, who was subordinate to the king of the puppet. It seems that after the burning of books and the pit of Confucianism, Confucianism really had no way to survive in Qin. Qin's power blocked everyone's mouths and everyone's way of life, and every time it was blocked, the pressure would increase, and the result would be like a pressure cooker that continued to expand, and finally.
As a result, these heroes and heroes and Degao fathers and elders all persuaded the grass people Chen Sheng: "The general's body is stubborn, cut down without a way, punish the tyrannical Qin, and restore the society of the Chu State, and the merit should be the king." ”
Chen Sheng has had the ambition of the bird since he was a child, and now he has to spread his wings, so he is naturally not polite, so he established himself as the king of Chen, and the country name is "Zhang Chu", which means "Zhang Da Chu country". Judging from the surname, Chen Sheng is likely to be a descendant of the ancient Chen monarch where Chen Cheng is located, and he calls himself King Chen here, which can also be regarded as significant.
In addition, fourteen years ago, Changping Jun changed banners against Qin in Chen Di and finally established himself as the king of Chu; And the three old heroes of Chen Di who participated in Chen Sheng's army, many of them participated in the anti-Qin uprising back then. In that year, they defeated Li Xin's 200,000-strong army and almost buried the road to the unification of Great Qin; Now, they are going to rise up again and bury the entire Great Qin!
So, when Zhang Chu's banner fluttering in the wind rose in Chencheng, the heroes of the Quartet began to revolt, killing the local Qin *** and raising troops to respond to Chen Sheng, the land of the six countries of Shandong, thousands of anti-Qin armed forces abounded, and the sparks burned in a blink of an eye. It seems that although Qin's Legalist thought advocates the supremacy of imperial power, it neglects the construction of core values (Note 5), which is not conducive to the authority and sacredness of imperial power.
As a reckless hero who fell from the middle of society, Chen Sheng is actually very average in addition to some planning and speech skills, far inferior to Xiang Yu and Han Xin in terms of military affairs, far inferior to Liu Bang and Xiao He, far inferior to Zhang Liang and Chen Ping in terms of strategy, and even picking out one of the heroes of Chu and Han at the end of the Qin Dynasty is also stronger than Chen Sheng. But Chen Shengsheng is better than his bird's body, but he has the ambition of a bird, so he dares to be the first in the world at the critical moment! Especially after the shackles of the bloodline politics of the Zhou Dynasty for thousands of years, and the high-pressure rule of the tiger and wolf tyrannical Qin Legalists, everyone in the world trembled and feared, dared to be angry but did not dare to speak, dared to speak but did not dare to do, but Chen Sheng raised his arms and rose up! This tremendous courage is truly impressive.
A few years ago, when the huge and elite infantry guards of the Qin Empire surrounded the grand chariot and horse honor guard of Qin Shi Huang and paraded the world, in the crowd of people who were overwhelmed by the black land, Liu Bang, the pavilion chief, shouted with envy: "Huh, the big husband should be like this!" And Haojie Xiang Yu's heavy pupils also showed a fanatical look: "He can take his place!" ”
But what was one step ahead of them and spread all over the world was Chen Sheng's deafening roar
Princes and generals, rather have a kind!
Whether it is the old aristocracy, elites, rangers or low-level people of the Six Kingdoms, they can all die in Qin, and the rebels are not distinguished by the high and the low, and the gravediggers are all over the world!
Note 1: The book recorded in the Hanshu Chao Wrong Biography also reflects this matter: "When the Qin people saw the action, they went to abandon the city (once they were requisitioned, it was like being beheaded), because they were called 'Zhu Shu';The first official has a guilty official and a son-in-law, Jia people, and then a person who has a city registration, and then a person who has a city registration with his eldest parents and parents. The Lingnan Qin army mentioned in Meng Tian's chapter also belongs to this kind of rebellion.
Note 2: According to Yunmeng Qin Jianzhi's "Note 1 Eighteen Kinds of Qin Laws", which was written in the late Warring States period: "The imperial middle is a sign, there is no Fu Xing, and it is a second class." Lost three to five days; From the sixth day to the tenth day, one guilder was paid; Over the ages, a good one. The gain? (also), and the word. Water and rain, except for fun. "Qin ** levies and issues conscription, and the maximum penalty for latecomers is only to pay a fine worth a pair of armor, and because of the tardiness and missed work caused by heavy rain, there will be no punishment, and the order will be cancelled. However, the historical records here say that they will be killed if they are delayed, and one possibility is that this is a military operation, not an ordinary conscription, and the "Death Law" does not apply; Another possibility is that Zhao Gao Huhai has completely revised the Qin law set by his ancestors, according to the "Historical Records of Qin Shi Huang Benji", after Qin II ascended the throne, "it is more legal, and the benefits are deep." ”
Note 3: It seems that although Fusu is the son of Qin, he also has a certain influence among the Chu people, and has high hopes. Mr. Li Kaiyuan believes that Chen Sheng mentioned Fusu and Xiang Yan together, perhaps Fusu's mother was a woman of the late Chu royal family, and he himself was the product of the marriage between Qin and Chu back then, so he was respected and trusted by the Chu people. But I personally think that the main purpose of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang is to sympathize with the forces of Fusu among the ** Imperial Great Wall Corps and the Qin people, after all, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang are both Chu people and low-level Qin officials, and they know how to think about problems from another angle.
Note 4: For example, Liu Bang who was hidden in the mountains and forests, Yingbu who was "a group of thieves in the river of death", and Peng Yue who was "a group of thieves in the fishing and wild fields"; If it weren't for Chen Sheng's initiative, they might have to be marginal people for the rest of their lives.
Note 5: This core value (or cultural value), which could support the ancient Chinese dynastic governance system and be accepted by the majority of the people in the world, was not basically realized until the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.