On December 25, 1991, the atmosphere of Christmas celebration in the West was strong, and many European and American families gathered together to exchange gifts, spend a relaxed and happy Christmas together, toast together, and look forward to beloved gifts and good wishes.
While enjoying the joy of the holiday, they heard an even more joyful and shocking news - the collapse of the Soviet Union!
On December 25, 1991, the news of the collapse of the Soviet Union shook the world. That night, Soviet secretary Mikhail Gorbachev officially handed over power to Yeltsin. At 21 o'clock, in his office, Gorbachev made a resignation speech to the whole country and the world in front of the camera.
Thirty minutes later, the Soviet flag, which symbolizes the united strength of the proletariat around the world, slowly descended from the Kremlin and was replaced by the white, blue and red flag of Russia.
This once red giant, with a powerful military force and the support of countless communists, swept away imperialism and terrified the capitalist countries, only to fall overnight.
The United States, without bloodshed, won the Cold War, which lasted nearly half a century from the end of World War II.
The USSR collapsed, and the flag of its symbol slowly fell. At the same time, distant China also received this unexpected but sudden news. Joy, sorrow, and regret are intertwined in people's hearts, but more often than not, there is a deep anxiety about the future path of the country.
The Soviet Union, the "big brother" of the socialist countries, no longer exists, and the former Soviet member states have turned to capitalism, can the road of socialism still be followed?
Will China become the second Soviet Union?
During the Cold War, the United States carried out color revolutions in the Soviet Union and various socialist countries in order to achieve victory. In the late 80s, our country also experienced a series of political turmoil created by foreign forces, and although the emancipation and pluralism of the mind brought economic prosperity, it also had an impact on the social atmosphere and stability.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the socialist movement suffered a serious setback. The United States has relied on the prestige of its victory in the Cold War to carry out hegemonic acts against other countries, including China, which has made the international situation very grim.
Against this backdrop, reform is in a difficult situation, and the vast number of people urgently need an answer to guide China's giant ship carrying 1.2 billion people to move forward smoothly on the course of the development of the times.
At this long-awaited moment, the nearly 90-year-old and retired *** once again stepped onto the deck of this giant ship and assumed the important task of leading the giant ship to move forward safely in the surging tide of the times.
**Southern TalkAt the beginning of 1992, the snow in Beijing blended with the atmosphere of the Spring Festival, and every household was busy preparing to welcome the New Year. At this time, ** was already ready to go and decided to go south to parade to witness the development of the south with his own eyes.
On January 17 (the thirteenth day of the lunar month), he took a special train and embarked on a journey to the south. On the 18th, the train arrived in Wuchang and stopped for a short time. Guan Guangfu, secretary of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee, and Guo Shuyan, governor of Hubei Province, waited here.
**After getting off the train, they had a brief conversation on the train platform, and he asked about the local economic construction in the familiar Sichuan dialect, and stressed the need to focus on economic construction.
At the same time, he pointed out the current problems of formalism and stressed the need to say less and do more practical things for the people. After a short stop, the train continued southward, and this conversation on the platform became the beginning of the conversation in the south.
On January 19th, the second stop of the ** southern tour came to Shenzhen, the frontier city of reform and opening up. The 88-year-old stayed at the Shenzhen State Guest House under the arrangement of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the Shenzhen Municipal Party Committee.
In the afternoon, accompanied by the others, he visited the Huanggang Port, a joint venture between the mainland and Hong Kong, which greatly facilitated the transportation between the two places. Standing at the head of the Shenzhen River Bridge, ** quietly looked ahead, saw Hong Kong not far away, and fell into contemplation.
No one knows what this old man was thinking in his mind during the war years, the Cultural Revolution and today's construction business.
Ten years ago, he had a verbal war with Britain's Margaret Thatcher over Hong Kong, and he did not back down, culminating in talks on Hong Kong's return to the motherland in 1997.
Maybe at this moment, he is looking forward to the scene after Hong Kong's return to the motherland, but unfortunately, he couldn't wait for that day after all.
Shenzhen is a vibrant city, and the speed at which it is growing is amazing. **Previously made a great impression here. What he saw was a thriving scene of high-rise buildings and busy traffic.
Eight years ago, Shenzhen was just a fledgling special zone. However, just eight years later, Shenzhen has changed rapidly. Here, he said: "From the very beginning, there were different opinions on the special zones, and they were worried about whether or not they were engaged in capitalism.
Today's achievements in Shenzhen's construction have clearly answered those who have such and such worries, and the surname of the Special Economic Zone is 'she' rather than 'capital'. After listening to the report of the Shenzhen Municipal Party Committee, he affirmed Shenzhen's great achievements in economic construction, and also injected confidence into the policy of adhering to reform and opening up.
He said: "Reform and opening up should be bolder, dare to experiment, not like a woman with small feet, if you see it, you will boldly try and boldly break through." He stressed the need to uphold socialism and reform and opening up: "The basic line must be managed for 100 years, and it must not be shaken. ”
Whoever opposes the party's basic line, knock him down! Whoever opposes the party's basic line will not end well. In the next few days, ** also visited Shenzhen Overseas Chinese B&B Cultural Village and other scenic spots, which were warmly welcomed by the general public.
When *** smiled and slowly waved to them and walked over, everyone shouted in unison, "Xiaoping is here!" "The scene was crowded and lively. **In the process of visiting scenic spots, it is said: To take the road of socialism is to gradually achieve common prosperity.
He made the thesis that the essence of socialism is to develop productive forces, eliminate polarization, and achieve common prosperity, and deepened people's understanding of the socialist market economy.
The development of Shenzhen is the best practice of the best idea.
**During his visit to factories and enterprises in Zhuhai, he was very excited to see the scientific equipment and products that represent the forefront of the times, and he said that he wanted to promote science and hoped that China would have a global place in the high-tech field.
When inspecting the customs site of the Qing Dynasty in Gongbei, ** was full of emotion, and the old man who was born at the end of the Qing Dynasty said affectionately: "Poverty and backwardness are to be beaten." ”
He desperately hoped that China could rapidly increase its economic strength and change the fate of the country that had been poor and weak for more than 100 years in modern times. On the evening of January 29, ** left Zhuhai and arrived at Shanghai, the last stop of the southern tour, on the 31st, where he spent an unforgettable Spring Festival.
On February 7, ** went to Pudong New Area for inspection, he was deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery of the Huangpu River, the neon lights and high-rise buildings on the shore complement each other, and the crowd is bustling, showing the prosperity of an emerging city.
He said earnestly to the local **: "The opportunity of the 90s can no longer be missed, this is the last opportunity for you in Shanghai." He is full of confidence in the development of Pudong New Area, and he believes that although Pudong is later than Guangdong's development, it is also a good thing, and we can learn from Guangdong's experience to develop Pudong a little more modern, start a little higher, and catch up later.
He also expressed his belief that by 1995, Pudong would undergo tremendous changes. Despite his advanced age and limited mobility, his mind is still sharp and active.
He is full of expectations and confidence in China's future development, and has a deep yearning and pursuit of the ideal blueprint of a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics.
** Southern Tour, with his profound vision of the future of China's reform and opening up. His speech dispelled the confusion and confusion of the people after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The speech of the Southern Tour is the most comprehensive and clear exposition since China's reform and opening up, and has added confidence and confidence to China's development.
** This old captain, with his deafening voice, strengthened people's confidence in the cause of socialism, dispelled people's doubts, and led China's giant ship to sail firmly to the other side of hope with confidence.
** The Southern Speech pointed out the direction for China's future development. In the last five years of his life, although his concern for the country and the future has not diminished, his inner peace and indifference have highlighted his deep thinking and firm belief in the development of the country.
In his conversation with his younger brother Deng Ken, he referred to the Southern Talk, emphasizing the realization of communist ideals. The Southern Talk is not only a turning point in China's reform, but also a symbol of the ideals and beliefs of the world's life.
**, the chief architect of reform and opening up, he once said: "My personal life and death are not important, the important thing is that we have found a correct path."
What we have achieved is very important in this long history, especially this 'South Talk', which shows the way and the way for 1.2 billion people.
The market economy is only a means to achieve the ends, not an essential characteristic of our society. We have done what we should have done and done good things, and our lives will be enough. ”