Planting pear seedlings to improve the soil fertility and water conservation capacity of the orchard
In recent years, with people's pursuit of fruit quality and taste, Shannong crisp pear has received extensive attention because of its unique taste and nutritional value. In order to meet the market demand, more and more fruit farmers have begun to plant Shannong pears. However, in order to obtain high-quality fruits, it is not enough to rely on traditional cultivation techniques. This paper will focus on how to improve the soil fertility and water conservation capacity of the orchard by planting Shannong pear seedlings, so as to improve the quality and yield of fruits.
1. Choose the right soil and topography.
The planting of Shannong pear seedlings requires the selection of suitable soil and topography. In general, pear trees prefer deep, fertile, loose soils, so such soil conditions should be prioritized when choosing a place to plant them. In addition, terrain is also one of the factors to consider. In order to avoid soil erosion and maintain soil fertility, relatively flat terrain with low slope should be selected for planting. If it is not possible to avoid the terrain with a large slope, corresponding soil and water conservation measures should be taken, such as the construction of terraces.
2. Reasonable fertilization.
Fertilization is one of the effective ways to improve soil fertility in orchards. When planting Shannong pear seedlings, organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers should be reasonably applied according to the growth needs of the seedlings and the soil fertility status. Generally speaking, sufficient basal fertilizer should be applied before planting, mainly organic fertilizer, such as well-rotted animal manure, plant residues, etc.; During the growth period, chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. can be appropriately applied as needed. At the same time, attention should be paid to controlling the amount and frequency of fertilization to avoid soil compaction and environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization.
3. Maintain soil moisture.
Water conservation capacity is one of the important factors affecting the fruit quality of Shannong pear. In the process of planting, effective measures should be taken to maintain soil moisture and improve the water conservation capacity of the orchard. First of all, when choosing a planting site, priority should be given to places that are close to water sources, have flat terrain, and are well drained. Secondly, during the planting process, measures such as mulching and building drainage systems should be taken to reduce water evaporation and prevent soil erosion. In addition, water evaporation and loss can be reduced by properly pruning branches and leaves and keeping the orchard clean.
Fourth, pest control.
Pests and diseases are one of the important factors affecting the growth and fruit quality of Shannong pear. In the planting process, comprehensive control measures should be taken to control the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases. First of all, disease-resistant varieties and disease-free seedlings should be selected for planting. secondly, strengthen field management to keep orchards clean and hygienic; Finally, biological control, chemical control and other measures should be adopted to control pests and diseases. In the process of prevention and control, pesticides with low toxicity and low residue should be preferred to avoid pollution to the environment and fruits.
5. Timely harvesting and storage.
Timely harvesting and storage is one of the important links to ensure the quality of Shannong pears. During the harvesting process, it should be harvested at the right time according to the ripeness of the fruit and the market demand. Generally speaking, the harvest period of pears should be carried out when the fruit ripeness reaches about 80%. After harvesting, the fruit should be processed and stored in a timely manner. The humidity and temperature of the storage environment should be controlled within a suitable range to avoid water loss and rotting of the fruit. At the same time, attention should be paid to preventing the infection and spread of pests and diseases during storage.
In summary, the soil fertility and water conservation capacity of orchards can be effectively improved by selecting appropriate soil and topography, reasonable fertilization, soil moisture maintenance, pest control, timely harvesting and storage, and improving the quality and yield of Shannong pears. Fruit farmers should pay attention to these aspects in the planting process, and strengthen the management and maintenance of orchards, so as to obtain better economic and social benefits.