The Three Gorges Project, also known as the Three Gorges Water Conservancy Project, is the world's largest hydropower station and clean energy base. This huge project founded by the People's Republic of China has many accolades today, but it has been controversial since the beginning of construction.
In the last century, the Three Gorges Project has been halted several times. Fortunately, a word from ** eventually turned the tide. So, what did you say?
In 1954, when the Yangtze River flooded, he and *** spent all night on the Beijing-Guangzhou line special train about the technology and dam site of the Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River.
Immediately after returning to Beijing, ** sent a letter to Bulganin, chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, hoping that the Soviet Union would send relevant experts to China to assist in the construction of the Three Gorges Project. In 1956, he wrote the magnificent poem of "erecting the stone wall of the Xijiang River, cutting off the clouds and rain of Wushan, and the high gorge out of the Pinghu Lake", putting the Three Gorges Project on the agenda.
**Personally presided, led experts to conduct on-site investigations, and finally determined the preparations. However, due to various reasons, the project was delayed just as it was about to begin.
It wasn't until the 80s that ** re-emphasized the matter.
In July 1980, 76-year-old *** took Dongfanghong 32 and went down the river to conduct a field investigation of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. He in-depth inquired about flood disasters, land cultivation, shipping, and other issues, and after listening to reports from relevant departments, he stressed the importance of building the Three Gorges Project, pointing out that it would be inappropriate to lightly deny the Three Gorges Project.
Therefore, he asked *** and colleagues from relevant departments to conduct in-depth research as soon as they returned to Beijing. In August of the same year, an executive meeting was held on this issue and the Three Gorges issue was officially studied.
Under the joint discussion of many people, it was decided that the State Science and Technology Commission and the Construction Committee would organize a discussion meeting, and at the same time require the Yangtze River Basin Office to compile a set of demonstration materials. In 1983, in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Water and Power, the Yangtze River Basin Planning Office put forward the "Feasibility Study Report on the 150-meter Plan of the Three Gorges Water Conservancy Project".
Although some people have objected to the plan, arguing that the flood line is not strong enough and that resources are wasteful, more than 350 experts have reviewed it and agreed that the proposal is highly feasible.
In February of the following year, after holding a meeting on the Three Gorges Project in Zhongnanhai, the Financial and Economic Group decided to officially start construction in 1986 and start the construction of the Three Gorges Project. In general, the on-site investigation and suggestions have played a key role in promoting the advancement of the Three Gorges Project.
With the joint efforts of experts and experts, the Three Gorges Project has been carried out smoothly and has made important contributions to China's economic development and flood control.
The plan for the independent establishment of the Three Gorges reservoir area has basically taken shape, and the Three Gorges Corporation, a bureau-level unit directly under the Three Gorges Reservoir Reservoir, has been formally established. However, when the construction of the Three Gorges Project was about to begin, Gu Ming, deputy secretary general, raised objections to the name "Three Gorges Special Zone".
He held that the "Three Gorges Special Economic Zone" is fundamentally different from the "Shenzhen Special Economic Zone" and the "Zhuhai Special Economic Zone," and that it is easy to misunderstand. Therefore, the discussion began about what name should be used to represent the project.
It was proposed to be called the "Three Gorges Administrative Region," but the name was not approved. Because the "Constitution" of the new China does not stipulate that there are provincial-level administrative regions, after unanimous discussions, it was finally decided to use the name "Three Gorges Province".
1.The Three Gorges Project has faced many difficulties since its planning, and its name from the original "Three Gorges Special Administrative Zone" to "Three Gorges Province" indicates that the project will encounter many challenges.
2.After the final plan for the Three Gorges Project was decided, the first day immediately began intensive preparatory work. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the project, it was decided that Li Boning, a veteran comrade with rich experience in water conservancy work, would be the "helmsman".
3.Born in 1918, Li Boning joined the Communist Party of China at the age of 20 and fought on the front line of the Anti-Japanese War for a long time. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he and Fu Zuoyi participated in the preparatory work for the establishment of the Ministry of Water Resources, and was gradually promoted from deputy director to vice minister, and was one of the main responsible persons of the water conservancy department.
4.When Li Boning took over the appointment, he was 67 years old and knew that the responsibility on his shoulders was heavy. At that time, the situation in the Three Gorges was not optimistic, which made him feel pressured.
In 1984, when Li Boning learned that the average income of farmers in the country was 420 yuan, he had mixed feelings. Except for the farmers in Yichang City, whose income is a little, the income in most areas is less than 350 yuan, and some people even live in poverty.
However, these difficulties did not stop Li Boning's determination to dedicate himself to the motherland. He began his "Three Gorges Dream" with great expectations, immediately took up his post, and threw himself into the implementation and construction of the Three Gorges Project.
As the capital of the Three Gorges Province, Yichang carries the expectations of 16 million people. Li Boning traveled non-stop to Beijing, Yichang, Fuling, Wanxian, Chongqing, and other places, and in order to implement the policy as soon as possible, he left a deep footprint in the Three Gorges reservoir area, and also discussed with leading comrades in Sichuan Province the economic development plan and the resettlement site in the reservoir area.
In just six months, the team for the construction of the Three Gorges has grown from eight to more than 500 people. In order to help them better understand the Three Gorges Project, Li Boning gave many speeches on "the great significance of the construction of the Three Gorges Project."
He once stressed: "The poverty in eastern Sichuan and western Hubei has not been improved for a long time, mainly because the project has been delayed. If we embark on this project here, the living standards of the masses will be significantly improved through construction and economic development in this area. ”
However, just when everything was ready and the construction of the Three Gorges Project was about to begin, some new changes occurred. Sun Yueqi, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), is 93 years old, and he personally led the people to inspect the Three Gorges Project, and then submitted a lengthy investigation report entitled "The Three Gorges Project Will Not Be Implemented in the Near Future."
In addition, some experts and scholars have also written articles opposing the launch of the Three Gorges Project. Even overseas, ** has expressed concern about this matter. In an article entitled "China Involved in the Great Waves of Large Hydropower and Dams," Dr. Brallen Welt of the US Environmental Policy Institute mentioned that China sought help from relevant US departments and borrowed money from the World Bank in order to build the Three Gorges Dam.
This is undoubtedly a repetition of the mistakes that the United States once made. Others believe that the project has not only affected the ecological environment of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, but also that the number of migrants of 1.2 million people is the highest in the world.
They fear that such a project will cost people and money and bring down China's economy.
Amid widespread skepticism and opposition, Project 150 was forced to pause. Many people's accusations about this project are not based on science, but on preconceived attitudes.
Most of them don't have experts who have a deep understanding of the hydraulic project, and they don't know how much effort the technicians put into the project. Therefore, this issue can only be viewed from a one-sided perspective.
However, Li Boning, who was really immersed in it, was well aware that this project would have a far-reaching impact on the economic development of the Three Gorges region and China, and he insisted that even without the Three Gorges Province, the Three Gorges Project would be a project that would benefit future generations, and it was also the only important project that could promote the economic development of the Three Gorges region.
Despite the opposition, the project was put on hold for the time being. Just when Li Boning was worried about this problem, **'s words brought a turn for the better.
On March 31, 1986, ** met with Fu Chaoshu, a reporter from the American "China Daily" in the Great Hall of the People, and during the conversation between the two, Fu Chaoshu once again asked *** about this project that caused heated discussions at home and abroad.
Seriously: "We will only decide to start implementing a program that will do the most good and the least harm." With regard to the Three Gorges Project, we will never act rashly. ”
These resounding words quickly spread to every corner of the world through the major **. In the end, 412 experts and scholars re-examined the research results of the Three Gorges Project in two years and eight months, and made a large number of additions to the existing problems.
In May 1989, the "Feasibility Study Report on the Three Gorges Water Conservancy Project on the Yangtze River" clearly pointed out that the construction of the Three Gorges Project was necessary and that early construction was more advantageous than late construction.
Therefore, after careful consideration, we decided to implement the plan of the Three Gorges Project: the dam is 185 meters high and the water storage level is 175 meters. In 1992, the feasibility study report of the Three Gorges Project was deliberated and approved by the executive meeting of the National People's Congress and submitted to the National People's Congress for deliberation.
Although *** has retired, his attention to this matter has not diminished in the slightest. He actively supported the decisions of the Three Gorges Project, and often sought out Wan Li, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, to learn about the progress of the Three Gorges Project.
In August 1991, with the approval of the 21st meeting of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the construction of the Three Gorges Project officially began. Li Boning, who was 77 years old at the time, wept with emotion when he heard the news.
However, after the Three Gorges Project officially started, it still faced a huge problem of resettlement. In 1995, while inspecting the Three Gorges Project, Li Peng put forward a proposal to establish a municipality directly under the Central Government of Chongqing in order to better manage the resettlement of the Three Gorges.
The reason behind this proposal was that as early as 1985, *** put forward the idea of "Sichuan into two provinces, one with Chongqing as the central city and the other with Chengdu as the central city".
On February 19, 1997, at the meeting of the Standing Committee of the 24th National People's Congress, the proposal on the establishment of Chongqing Municipality was successfully passed. In June of the same year, the Great Hall of the People in Chongqing held a grand unveiling ceremony for Chongqing, providing new homes for migrants and promoting the economic development of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
It's a win-win outcome. Although Li Boning, who is nearly 80 years old, is unable to climb the high mountains of the Three Gorges again, he still cares about the livelihood of the people in the reservoir area and the development of this area.
At present, the resettlement work of the Three Gorges has been basically completed. The Three Gorges Project plays a vital role in power generation, shipping, and flood control. It's all thanks to ***'s decision-making.
Just as Wei Tingzheng, former director of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission and member of the Three Gorges Construction Committee, said, the implementation of the Three Gorges Project has played a key role.
Significant progress has been made in the Three Gorges Project, which will have an immeasurable impact on Sichuan and the whole of China in the future.