The Cantonese lineage is revealed: the Song Dynasty people sayTongue of the skullVernacular?
Dig deep into the historical origin behind the "local guys" and reveal the racial composition of the Cantonese people from the perspective of molecular anthropology.
Xu Songshi pointed out in his 1946 book "Examination of the Tai and Yue Ethnic Groups" that the origin of the Zhuangtai ethnic group can be traced back to the ancient Yue (Yue) period.
Xu Songshi's research shows that 70% of the indigenous people in the Liangguang region are of Zhuang ancestry, a view supported by DNA test data. According to Lanyue.com, only 19 percent of Cantonese people are of Han Chinese descent, while indigenous ancestry accounts for 69 percent.
This means that Xu Songshi's assertion is not groundless. Historical origins and DNA test results are highly consistent, confirming that the indigenous population, including the local guys, is mainly a slang clan.
The Journal of Guangxi Normal University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition) published Xu Jieshun and Li Hui's "The Vision of Molecular Anthropology: A New Theory of the Origin of the World-Resident Ethnic Groups in Guangxi", and the article pointed out that through genetic analysis, it was found that the genes of the ancient Baiyue were very similar to those of the three ethnic groups of the Zhuang, Dai and Dong people, which showed that there was a succession relationship between the Zhuang, Dai, Dong and ancient Baiyue.
In addition, the article reveals the universality of the intermingling of blood between Miao Yao and Dong Dai, although the interconnection is slightly less than that of Han and Dong Dai in the southeastern coastal region. The Shiju ethnic group in Guangxi was the first to gather in Beiqinfang 30,000 years ago, and belonged to the same origin as the Baiyue ethnic group 5,000 years ago.
Professor Xu Jieshun of Guangxi University for Nationalities presided over the completion of the national social science project "The History of the Origin of the Lingnan Nation", which found that through molecular anthropology of the dating of several parts of the Zhuang Dai, the ancestors of the slang people developed along the coast of the Beibu Gulf for a long time 20,000 or 30,000 years ago.
Subsequently, the ancestral group of slang spread from the Gulf of Tonkin to both sides, one extending westward along the coast of Guangdong and the land bridge over Taiwan to reach Taiwan about 14,000 years ago, and the other developing south along the coast of Vietnam, forming the Malay ethnic group.
Two or three thousand years ago, the Nanyue ethnic group in Guangdong differentiated into the Xiou ethnic group, and mixed with the indigenous Yue ethnic group in Guangxi to develop into the ancestor of the Zhuang Dai ethnic group. The Cantonese people are thought to be the result of the fusion of Han Chinese migrants to the south and the Yue people to the south, but in some areas this component may vary, and some experts have sampled the Guangzhou region with a high degree of sinicization, and the conclusions may vary, as well as the dialects.
Wuzhou, Yulin, Bobai and other areas have a long history of slang culture, and the Han people who moved south were integrated into it, forming a slang vernacular that spread in western Guangdong and southeastern Guangxi.
This vernacular has a large number of Zhuang-Kam components, with as many as 10 tones (some even say 12 tones), which is more than the 9 tones of the Guangzhou vernacular, but also has roots in Old Chinese.
This point was pointed out by Xin Yongfen, a professor at the International School of Chinese Studies of Henan University, that the Song Dynasty Yayan had 8 tones, while the local dialect had more than 10 tones, which is amazing.
Therefore, some Dong people believe that the sub-dialects of Guangzhou vernacular and Dilao dialect are compatible with Kam language. The terms "native" and "slang" actually refer to slang people. From the perspective of historical origins, Zhou Qufei's book "Lingwai Dai Answer" provides us with important clues to facilitate our research on the local aborigines.
The Southern Song Dynasty geographer Zhou Qufei served as a county governor under Jingjiang Prefecture (Guilin), knew the Gandao for eight years (1172), and served as a professor in Qinzhou (equivalent to the director of the Education Bureau).
He has lived in Guangxi for about six years and has developed a deep understanding of the local culture and customs. The Lingwai Dai Answer describes five main groups of inhabitants in the Qinzhou region: the Turen, a Luoyue species since ancient times, who live in villages, have a rugged appearance, and are characterized by a mixture of phonetics, which is difficult to understand, and is called "Langyu"; The northerners, whose language is easy but mixed with the tones of the south, are the northwestern refugees who moved to Qinzhou after the Five Dynasties Rebellion; Slang people, also known as slang fangs, who moved from the barbarian region and specialized in the worship of ghosts and gods, and their pronunciation was extremely difficult to understand; The cultivators were Fujianese who made a living by archery and cultivated the land, and their descendants completely retained the Min language; The Shuren people, who live on the sea by boat, speak a language similar to that of Fujian and Guangdong, with a mixture of tones of Guangdong and Xijiang.
During the Chunxi period of the Southern Song Dynasty, Huang Yan and his son migrated from Jiaying Prefecture in Guangdong Province to Hepu, and then their descendants multiplied in Qinzhou, Lingshan and other places. In the coastal area of Qinzhou, there are brothers Lu Kangnian and Lu Yannian from Shanghang County, Fujian Province who migrated here due to the war at the end of the Song Dynasty, and they are the founding ancestors of the Lu family in Qinzhou.
Historian Zhong Wendian pointed out in his book "Hakka in Guangxi" that most of these northwestern refugees are the descendants of Hakka ancestors in various parts of Qinzhou. In the Qin and Fang areas, the people who used to be regarded as "cultivators" were actually the Hakka people, who turned wasteland into fertile land by virtue of their skill in cultivating and cultivating wasteland.
According to a 1986 study by linguist Liang Yinggang, "Linguistic Distribution in Qinzhou, Guangxi" shows that Hokkien is mainly spoken in Shankou, Baisha and other towns in the eastern part of Hedong in Qinzhou, with about 15,000 people.
In addition, some residents in Walian, west of Hepu, Fucheng in the south, and Weizhou Island also speak Hokkien, with a total of about 3,000 people. Therefore, the author believes that it is more likely that the "shooter cultivator" came from southern Fujian.
Historically, there is a type of people known as "Beiren", who are actually Hakka people in China. According to the information provided by netizens, during the Song Dynasty, many Hakka people surnamed Chen moved to Guangxi.
Among them, there is a Hakka named Chen Jitang worth mentioning, who once served as the senior minister of the government and the first-class general of the army. Chen Jitang's great-grandfather, Chen Bingchuan, was from Bobai and moved to Fangcheng.
According to the record of Bobai's "Genealogy of the Chen Family" during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the lineage of the Chen family in eastern Zhejiang originated from Tielong. Chen's first Renrong was Fujun Sima, who migrated from Yingchuan, Henan Province to Tielong.
Chen Junzheng was a Jinshi of Song Daguan 10th, and later became a secretary of the ministry, and settled in Tiantai County, Zhejiang, becoming the first Chen of Tiantai. Chen Chongli, the fourth generation of Zhejiang Tiantai, was the ancestor of the Chen family's migration to Bobai.
He first served as a township jinshi in the Song Dynasty, and later as an official in Shanghang County, the capital of Tingzhou, Fujian, and then went to Guangxi to serve as a taishou, and finally served as a general judge in Leizhou Mansion in Guangdong.
A year after the end of his term, he died in Leizhouya. Together, his seven sons transported his coffin by sea from Lianzhou along the Nanliu River to the mouth of the Luzhu River in Bobai.
This place is called Luzhu Slope. At that time, due to the southern attack of the Yuan soldiers, the road was blocked, so Chen Chongli was buried in Liuyangling, west of Bobai City. His family and entourage settled in Beipo and Jiangnan Village, the county seat of Bobai County.
The Chen's enclosure house in Wollongong, Fengping Village, Dayuan Town, Bobai, Guangxi Province, is the most complete preserved castle-style Hakka enclosure house in Bobai County. It can be inferred from this that the Chen family of Bobai Hakka originated from the Central Plains, and then migrated from the ancestral land of Hakka in Shanghang, Fujian Province to Bobai, becoming an important local Han Hakka family.
Although the descendants of the Chen family and other families of the Bobai Hakka family were assimilated by the slang clan for various reasons and changed to speak the local dialect, the vast majority of the clansmen have always adhered to the original concept, kept in mind the teachings of their ancestors, and have always been proud of the Han Hakka.
Therefore, Bobai Hakka can continue to grow and become the county with the largest Hakka population in the world.
The vernacular of the Hakka slang is so incomprehensible that even the locals may find it bothered. According to Zhou Qufei's records, the dialects spoken by the "Turen" are extremely complex and difficult to understand.
The language of "slang" was even more difficult to understand, and was called "slang" by the literati of the time, which is similar to the incomprehensible language.
According to the records of the "Regional Chronicles", during the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, the people of Lianzhou Mansion quoted Su Shi as saying, "Cantonese people have faces like apes, sound like birds, and taste like foxes." According to research, there is no doubt that the dialect of "Tongue" should be Li, and after a long period of ethnic integration, the Gaozhou vernacular was born, and the two have a deep origin.
During the Chongzhen period, there was a trend of anti-vernacular (Cantonese) in Qinzhou, but nevertheless, from ancient times to the present, some people have always believed that the pronunciation of Cantonese is like a bird's call, which is a bird language.
This highly unanimous evaluation is irrefutable. Speaking vernacular (Cantonese) is a "living fossil of ancient Chinese", can it be recognized by the public?
The Tan people of Guangxi, also known as the "Shuren", have now been mostly assimilated into the Tu Bai people, including the Slang people, the Di Lao people, or the Zhuang Dong people. After the liberation, ** had carried out ethnic identification of the Tan family, and experts believe that although they were part of the Baiyue ethnic group in history, they had lost their independent cultural characteristics due to assimilation and sinicization, and the number was not large, so they were politically incorporated into the Han nationality.
Nevertheless, it was later concluded that the Tan family should be considered an independent minority. The following article will continue to ** the historical roots of the local guys, so stay tuned.