The concept of permanent resident population in China usually refers to the population living in a certain area for a long time, including local residents and non-resident residents.
For China, the definition of permanent population is usually based on half a year. Specifically, this includes the following two aspects:
Local Registered Population: Residents who have a local household registration and have lived in the local area for a long time. Even if you leave the local area temporarily, as long as the period does not exceed half a year, you are still considered to be a permanent resident of the local area. Non-resident population: Residents who do not have a local household registration but have lived in the local area for more than half a year. Although they are not domiciled in the local area, they will also be included in the local resident population due to their long-term residence.
From a population of 50 million in the early days of China's reform and opening up to the largest province in Chinese today, what kind of demographic changes has Guangdong undergone? And what attracts so many people?
From the congestion during the Spring Festival, you can intuitively feel the attractiveness of Guangdong. Whether it is the congestion of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao, Xuguang, Erguang, Wushen and other expressways, or the vehicles loaded with Guangdong license plates such as Guangdong A, Guangdong B and Guangdong S on the rural county roads in Hunan, all show that a large number of people are flocking to Guangdong. Behind these vehicles are groups of migrant workers flying southeast, and many young people with dreams of getting rich. They may come from all over the world, but their destination is the same – Guangdong.
According to the migration map and the data of the seventh national population census, we have a more specific glimpse of the foreign population in Guangdong. The figures show that the five provinces with the largest inflow into Guangdong are Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei and Henan. Most of these provinces are China's most populous and labor-exporting regions, and their human resources provide important support for Guangdong's economic growth. In Guangxi and Hunan, in particular, there are cases where one in eight and one in every 13 people goes to Guangdong. The sheer scale of population movements is staggering.
**10,000 Fans Incentive Plan So, why do people in these areas seek to move to Guangdong? The reasons behind this are driven by both economic interests and social and cultural attraction.
At the economic level, Guangdong, as the forefront of China's reform and opening up, has always been at the forefront of the country's economic development. It is home to many Fortune 500 companies and well-known brands, providing people with a lot of employment opportunities and entrepreneurial space. At the same time, Guangdong's industrial structure is diversified, from traditional manufacturing to modern service industries, there is a wide range of room for development. These provide a wider range of employment options and career development opportunities for migrants. In terms of social culture, Guangdong's inclusive, open, diverse and integrated social atmosphere is also an important factor in attracting foreign population. The social atmosphere here is broad and inclusive, providing an ideal environment for the expats to integrate. Here, people from different regions and cultural backgrounds can live in harmony and build a better life together.
Nonetheless, the massive influx of people in Guangdong has brought its own set of challenges. For example, the large size of the population puts enormous pressure on urban planning, infrastructure and public services. How to rationally plan urban space, optimize transportation layout and improve the level of public services has become an urgent problem for Guangdong. In addition, the influx of people has also led to increased housing prices** and competitive pressures in Guangdong. For many migrants, how to live and work in peace and contentment in Guangdong and realize their personal ideals is also a big challenge.
In the face of these challenges, Guangdong needs to take positive actions to deal with them. On the one hand, Guangdong needs to continue to promote hukou reform and equalization of public services, so as to provide a better integration environment and public services for migrants. On the other hand, Guangdong also needs to strengthen urban planning and management, optimize the spatial distribution of population, and ensure sustainable urban development. At the same time, Guangdong also needs to increase investment in education and skills training to enhance the employability and competitiveness of the migrant population, so as to better integrate into the overall social development of Guangdong.
In addition, on the map of the Chinese population, Guangdong is undoubtedly unique. It is not only the most populous province in China, but also the largest province in terms of fertility. This phenomenon is particularly striking in the context of globalization, modernization and urbanization.
According to the data of the "China Statistical Yearbook 2023", the number of births in Guangdong in 2022 will reach a staggering 10520,000, which exceeds the sum of the "free shipping areas" in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, and has been the first province in the country for five consecutive years. It is worth mentioning that Guangdong has had more than one million births for 40 consecutive years, which is unique in the country.
Why does Guangdong's fertility rate remain high? The reason behind it is not a single reason, but the result of a combination of factors.
First, Guangdong's high fertility rate benefits from its unique demographic structure. Guangdong has a large foreign population, mostly young people. These young people not only contribute to Guangdong's economic and social development, but also support Guangdong's population growth and fertility rate. According to the "Guangdong Statistical Yearbook 2023", only 13 people over the age of 60 in Guangdong are over45%, far lower than nearly 20% in the country and more than 20% in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. This young population structure provides a strong backing for Guangdong's fertility rate.
Secondly, Guangdong's fertility culture is also an important driver of the high fertility rate. In Guangdong, whether in Guangzhou or Chaoshan, the fertility rate is generally higher than the national level. The Chaoshan region has preserved the clan system relatively well and formed a certain self-protection mechanism, which provides flexible space for the expansion of the birth policy. At the same time, the traditional concept of "more children and more blessings" is still preserved in the Chaoshan area, which also provides cultural support for the improvement of the local fertility rate. In places such as Shenzhen, the concentration of young people due to the inflow effect also contributes to the local fertility rate.
However, Guangdong's position as the largest province in terms of fertility is not a challenge. With the country's population peaking and fertility rate declining, Guangdong's fertility rate may be under pressure. With economic and social progress and demographic changes, Guangdong needs to think about how to reconcile population growth with resources and environment to ensure sustainable development.
Against this backdrop, how can Guangdong respond to future challenges?
Guangdong needs to optimize its population structure and improve the quality of its population. By attracting more high-quality talents and young people, Guangdong can continue to maintain a high level of manpower and fertility. At the same time, Guangdong also needs to strengthen the education and training of the local population to enhance their employability and competitiveness, and provide strong support for economic and social development.
Guangdong needs to strengthen the guidance and inheritance of fertility culture. Through the promotion of fertility policies and knowledge, lead the public to establish a scientific concept of childbirth. At the same time, Guangdong can explore the inheritance of excellent fertility culture, combine traditional concepts with modern fertility policies, and provide cultural support for increasing fertility rates.
Guangdong should strengthen the study of population issues and **. Through the establishment of a sound population monitoring system and analysis mechanism, we can grasp the trend and characteristics of population changes in a timely manner, and provide a scientific basis for policy formulation. At the same time, Guangdong also needs to enhance cooperation and exchanges with other regions to jointly develop a new path and model of population development.
In short, Guangdong, as the two miracles of population and fertility, not only reflects its unique economic and social charm, but also faces future challenges and opportunities. It is hoped that Guangdong will continue to give full play to its advantages and potential as a province with a large population in the future and make greater contributions to China's economic and social development. In this process, each of us is a witness and participant, and we wish Guangdong a better future!