Differentially expressed proteins refer to proteins whose expression levels change significantly under different biological samples or different processing conditions. This observation of differential expression is important for understanding cell physiology and disease mechanisms. For example, certain proteins may be up- or down-regulated in healthy and diseased states, or between normal and somehow treated cells.
1. Detection method:
The most commonly used technique is mass spectrometry, specifically liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In addition, two-dimensional electrophoresis and western blot are often used to study the differential expression of proteins.
2. Quantitative methods:
Labeled or unlabeled quantification strategies can be used to quantify the abundance of proteins in different samples, thus determining which proteins are differentially expressed.
3. Biological significance:
Differentially expressed proteins can provide important information for biological processes, cellular pathways, or diseases. For example, some differentially expressed proteins may be associated with disease progression, drug responses, or cellular stress responses.
4. Application:
The study of differentially expressed proteins has applications in many fields, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic diseases, etc. In addition, they can also serve as disease markers or drug targets.
Figure 1Cluster line diagram of differentially expressed proteins.
Note: The x-axis represents the sample grouping, and the y-axis represents the expression volume. The black line represents a line graph showing the average relative expression of all proteins in this cluster under different experimental conditions.
The study of differentially expressed proteins is a central area of proteomics, which provides us with valuable information about the function and state of cells and tissues under different conditions.