In the long history of Chinese civilization, there are many ancient surnames, among which the surname Yao is one of them. Together with the surnames Ji, Jiang, Fei, Ji, Ying, Fei, Yao, etc., it is known as the eight surnames of ancient China.
One thing these surnames have in common is that they are all "female" next to their surnames, because they all originated from matriarchal societies in ancient times. The history of these surnames can be traced back nearly 5,000 years and is one of the sources of Chinese civilization.
Emperor Shun Statue - The Origin of the Ancestors of Yao Xu** Yao Xu, located in the south of today's Fan County, Henan Province, in the north of Juancheng, Shandong, is the birthplace of Emperor Shun and the ancestor of the surname Yao.
According to the "Historical Records", "Shuowen" and other classics, Emperor Shun is the eighth grandson of the Yellow Emperor, he was born in 2128 BC, because the birthplace is Yao, because he lives in the water and also has the surname of Yao, so Yao and the concubine are connected.
Emperor Shun was known as Yao Chonghua because of his heavy pupils. Emperor Shun is intelligent by nature, obedient to heaven, knows the will of the people, is benevolent and prestigious, benevolent and trustworthy, self-cultivation and cares for all people.
The story of his filial piety touching heaven and earth is listed as the first of China's "24 filial pieties" and is known as "filial piety touching heaven". The statue of Emperor Shun is the inheritance and commemoration of his great spirit and filial piety culture, as well as the respect and remembrance of him as the ancestor of a nation.
Here, we can trace the origin of the surname Yao, learn about the historical story of Emperor Shun, and feel his great spirit.
Emperor Shun's filial piety touched Emperor Yao, who married his two daughters, Empress E and Nuying, to him and let him live with his nine brothers and observe his behavior.
Shun cultivated in Lishan, and after a year, the people there gathered into a village, two years later it developed into a town, and three years later it formed a district.
Shun taught people to plant, and the two concubines taught women to weave, so that the local people lived a prosperous life and social harmony. After a long period of observation, Di Yao decided to cede the ruling power of the world to Shun.
Shun began to ** Di Yao's power at the age of fifty, and when Di Yao died at the age of fifty-eight, he mourned Di Yao for three years. At the age of sixty-one, he officially ascended the throne as emperor. Shun named the country Yu, and the capital was located in Puban (now east of Yongji County, Shanxi).
During the reign of Emperor Shun, he advocated the virtues of "filial piety, modesty, integrity, and benevolence", reformed politics, made great efforts to govern the country, governed flood disasters, established criminal laws, etc., and built a primitive and loose tribal alliance into a prototype with a basic national nature, which opened the prelude to the era of Chinese national civilization.
The Second Concubine of Xiaoxiang - Empress E and Nuying" is a painting painted by Fu Baoshi, which mainly depicts the scene of the second concubine accompanying Emperor Shun during his southern tour. It is said that Emperor Shun passed the throne to Yu at the age of 83 and changed the "Zen concession system" to the "hereditary system".
Emperor Shun died of illness during his southern tour and was buried next to Jiuzhi Mountain in Hunan at the age of about 103. The descendants of Emperor Shun disappeared for a long time in history, and only in the "Historical Records" used the words "when the summer queen was lost, or continued" to describe this period of history.
The descendants of Emperor Shun diverged into many new surnames, such as Yu, Chen, Tian, Hu, Yuan, Wang, Lu, Sun, Che, Pu, Man, Xian, Fa, etc. Among these surnames, Yao, Yu, Chen, Hu, and Tian are the "five surnames of Concubine Wei", which are considered to be the descendants of Emperor Shun.
At present, there are about 1500 million people.
The two branches of the Yao clan trace the history of the clan, and each wang clan has its own hall name. The Yao family has three main hall names: Lishan Hall, Wuxing Hall and Nan'an Hall. Emperor Shun was a farmer in Lishan when he was young, and later generations in order to commemorate his entrepreneurial achievements, took Lishan as the hall name, which is the Lishan hall name shared by all Yao surnames.
In the late Western Han Dynasty, Yao's ** was the south and north of the two major branches, the south branch was called "Wuxing Yao", mainly distributed in today's Lin'an, Zhejiang Province to Yixing, Jiangsu Province, with Wuxingtang as the hall name.
The northern branch is called "Nan'an Yao", which is mainly distributed in the Weishui basin of today's Longxi, Gansu Province, with Nan'an Hall as the hall name. Among the population surnamed Yao, more than 90% are from Wuxing Yao and Nan'an Yao.
Lishan Scenic Area, located in the southern part of Shanxi Province, is the highest peak in the province. This area has a deep historical and cultural heritage, including the story of Wu Xingtang Yao.
The Yao clan of Wu Xingtang was an orthodox imperial lineage, and their history can be traced back to the Xia and Shang dynasties. After King Wu of Zhou established the Western Zhou Dynasty, he found Emperor Shun's descendant, married his eldest daughter Taiji to his son, Fu Man, and divided him into the state of Chen.
The state of Chen became one of the twelve vassal states of the Zhou dynasty. However, in 672 BC, Chen was in turmoil, and the concubine fled to the state of Qi and changed her surname to Tian. This Tian clan, which evolved from the surname Yao, passed to Tian He, and he became the Xiangguo of Qi and staged a coup d'état to become the king of Qi.
After the state of Qi was destroyed by Qin, the descendants of the Tian clan merged into another branch of the Wang surname, which was derived from the surname Yao. In the period of Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty, he crowned his mother's Wang Huan and authorized his uncle's family to restore his surname Tian.
As a result, the sixty-fifth descendant of Emperor Shun, Sun Wang Wei, restored his surname Tian. This story shows the cultural and political changes of surnames in ancient China, and also reflects the profound historical heritage and rich cultural landscape of the Lishan Scenic Area.
During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Tian Yuan, the son of Dasi Farmland Yannian, died because his father was framed and killed by himself, and in order to avoid being affected, he changed his surname to Fei.
Fu Yuan's grandson Fu Ping served as a counselor and a doctor of Jingfang Yi in the late Western Han Dynasty, and later became the assassin of Jizhou, restored his original surname, and moved to Wuxing County, where he founded Wuxingtang.
After Wang Mang established a new dynasty, in order to consolidate the imperial power, the four surnames of Yao, Fei, Chen, and Tian were listed as clans, and Yao Feng, the son of Feiping, was named the Marquis of Daimu.
After Wang Mang was defeated, Yao Feng's son Yao Hui (Qingzhou Thorn History) fled back to Wu County to escape the war and restored his surname.
Fu Hui's great-grandson Fu served as a martial cavalry attendant during the Eastern Han Dynasty, restored the surname Yao, and moved to Wukang County, Wuxing County (Deqing County, Zhejiang), where he multiplied and became a large family.
Mogan Mountain Scenic Area in Wuxing County - Nan'an Tang Yao Family, originated from the family of Xirong Shun young son who was the leader of the Qiang nationality for generations.
During the Three Kingdoms, Yao Xinshi, the son of Yao Fu, Dongwu, the official to choose Cao Shangshu and Taichangqing, his eldest son Yao Feng, the word Deren, tired officials won the Qiang school captain, sent the Xiongnu to be detained, and then lived in Nan'an Chiting, and the descendants of Shun Shaozi gathered, spreading the descendants to become the Northwest Wang clan, which is also the origin of the Nan'an Tang number.
At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Central Plains was chaotic, and Yi Zhong, the leader of the Qiang tribe, restored the surname of the ancestor and changed his surname to Yao. Yao Yizhong led the people to the east to open up the territory.
Yao Yi Zhong Zixiang and Chang galloped to the northwest, established political power, known as Later Qin in history, captured and killed Fu Jian in 385 to destroy the former Qin, and in April 386 he was called the emperor, the capital was Chang'an, the country was called Daqin, and was defeated by the Eastern Jin Dynasty in 417.
His descendants have moved to Jiangnan, Qinghai, Sichuan and other places in the northwest to open clans, and still take Nan'an Hall as the hall name. The rise of the Yao surname in Nan'an and its entry into the Central Plains, together with the rapid revival of the Yao family in Wuxing, greatly expanded the number of people with the surname Yao.
In Nan'an County, there is a forest park full of vitality and vitality - Longxi Renshou Mountain.
Here, there was once an outstanding figure named Yao Ying, who was the seventh grandson of Yao Fu, the two major families of Wu Xingtang, who rode outside the officials of the Liu and Song dynasties in the Southern Dynasty and was named the Marquis of the Five Cities.
The appearance of Yao Ying opened a glorious history.
Starting from him, the Wu Xingtang family ** produced two powerful families, they successively moved their families north, respectively living in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) and Shaanzhou Kipshi (now Sanmenxia City, Henan), which is what we know"Wan Nian Yao"with"Shaanxi County Yao"。
These two families had a profound impact on Chinese society and culture during the Sui and Tang dynasties, and were two very influential branches of the Yao family.
To this day, many Yao families across the country are descendants of these two Yao surnames, and their stories and traditions are still passed down in our family.
The glorious history of the Wannian Yao family originated from Yao Bodhi, the commander of Gaoping County, Southern Liang, and his son Yao Seng Huan was famous for his superb medical skills in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
Yao Cha, the son of Yao Seng Huan, was an outstanding historian who went through the Liang and Chen dynasties, and was an official to the Ministry of Officials. Yao Cha's family moved to Chang'an and became the ancestor of the Yao family in ten thousand years.
His son Yao Silian is Wu Xingtang"Wan Nian Yao"representative figures.
Yao Silian was born in 557 and studied history with his father at the age of five. His life was full of glory and achievement, and he served as a waiter for Yang Yu, the king of the Sui Dynasty, and was also one of the "Eighteen Bachelors" in the early Tang Dynasty.
During his lifetime, the most remarkable achievement was the Book of Liang and the Book of Chen, which he edited with Wei Zheng. These two books are known as one of the 24 histories of ancient China.
He died in 637 and enjoyed the honor of being a courtier. His descendants also achieved high status, such as his son Yao Chuping was a member of the Tang Tongshi She, and his grandson Yao Xuan was the prime minister of the Wu Zhou Dynasty.
His family was named a duke for the fifth generation, produced 1 prime minister, continued to be a nobleman for 11 generations, and was an official 25 people. His life can be said to be the most glorious period in ancient Chinese history.
One of the Eighteen Scholars2, which depicts the Liu Songnian family during the Southern Song Dynasty. The origins of this family can be traced back to Wu Xingtang's "Shaanxi County Yao" family. Yao Ying's great-grandson Yao Xuanye served as the general of Zhengdong during the Liang period of the Southern Dynasty and was named the Duke of Wuxing County.
However, with the destruction of the Liang by the Western Wei army, Yao Xuanye had to move his family north to Kipshi, Shaanzhou, and became the originator of "Shaanxi County Yao". Yao Xuanye's son, Yao Anren, served as the assassin of Qing and Fen in the Sui Dynasty.
Yao Anren's son, Yao Xiang, served as the governor of Huaizhou in the Sui Dynasty, and also served as the governor of Hangu Guan. Yao Xiang's son, Yao Yi, served as the governor of Wangzhou in the Tang Dynasty and moved to Luoyang, becoming the founder of the Yao clan in Luoyang.
Yao Chong, Yao Yi's son and Yao Ying's seventh grandson, is the representative of Wu Xingtang's "Shaanxi County Yao" family.
Yao Chong was one of the four great sages of the Tang Dynasty, and he held important positions in the four dynasties of Wu Zetian, Tang Zhongzong, Tang Ruizong, and Tang Xuanzong. He was once named the Duke of Liang and had a prominent position.
His three sons also held important official positions, and his great-grandson became the overseer of the Tang Dynasty. Yao Chong's family has continued to be noble for 11 generations, and a total of 57 officials have been produced.
Among them, his nephew Yao He was a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, and was called Yao Jia along with Jia Island. The contribution of the Yao Chong family in the Tang Dynasty is irreplaceable.
From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the Yao family's journey into Fujian can be traced back to the early Tang Dynasty, and they mainly entered Fujian through Rong, Shimin, or natural migration. According to the records of Fujian Tongzhi, Min Shu, Fuzhou Fuzhi and other records, since the Tang Dynasty, a total of more than 220 members of the Yao family have entered Fujian as officials, most of whom have returned to their hometowns after their term of office, and a few have settled down here and reproduced.
Their main distribution areas are Zhangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou and nine counties in eastern Fujian, Puxian and Shunchang and Pucheng in northern Fujian. Yao Tianming, a descendant of Wu Xingtang, is recognized as the ancestor of Fujian.
In addition to most of the Yao surnames in Fujian, there are also many descendants of the Yao surnames in the three cities of Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang (and even Shanwei City) in the ancient Chaozhou capital. Among them, Chaoyang Yao, Jieyang Yao, Haiyang Yao (i.e., Chao'an Yao) and the Hakka Yao family in western Fujian are all descendants of Tianming Gong.
This shows the Yao family's wide distribution and deep influence in places such as Fujian and Guangdong.
Shaoxi Pavilion Tianming Gong, the word Shizhen, the Tang Dynasty gave Jin Shidi, the official worship is too often Fenglilang, is the sixth descendant of Wuxing Yao Silian, from the second son Yao Yun branch. In order to escape the rebellion of Huangchao, the family moved to Gushi, Henan.
His wife, Tang, had three sons, and they were divided into three branches: Meng, Zhong, and Ji. During the reign of Tang Guangqi, the world was in turmoil. In 898 AD, the Duke of Tianming entered Fujian with Wang Zhenzhi and served as the Great Yin of Houguan County.
At the end of his term, he chose to live in Shaoxi Mountain (now located in Fuqing Jiangdou) on the border between Fuqing and Putian, and became the founder of the Shaoxi Yao clan.
Shaoxi Mountain is bordered by Xinghua Bay in the south, the sea and the sky are wide, the scenery is beautiful, and the ancient post road from Fuzhou to southern Fujian passes through the mountains.
The descendants remember that their ancestors once lived in Shaoxi Mountain, so they named the hall Shaoxi County.
The descendants of Mengfang, the eldest son of Tianming Gong, were mainly distributed in Fuqing, while the descendants of the second son Zhongfang and the third son Jifang migrated to Xianyou Youyang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Zhangzhou, Fujian, Xiawuxiang, Putian and other places respectively.
After Tianminggong's cousin Yao Feng followed him into Fujian, he chose to live in Putian, Putian, and his descendants were distributed in Putian, Nan'an, Yongchun, Anxi, Xianyou and other places.
Among the descendants of Tianming Gong, the ancestor of Yao, there is a sixth grandson named Wen Shi, who is called Huba, once served as a driver in Jiangzhou, and then has three brothers: Qiuren, Anren and Huairen.
In 1100 A.D., the Duke of Qiuren moved from Shaoxi to Xinghua Youyang; Huairen's information is unknown; An Rengong was admitted to the Jinshi examination in the third year of Song Zhezong Yuanfu (1100), he was the first Jinshi surnamed Yao after entering Fujian, and was a well-known cultural person, familiar with the "Four Books" and "Five Classics".
He served in Jinjiang County as Wen Linlang, and later as the magistrate of Yongchun County, and established a family in Quanzhou. The couplet surnamed Yao in Quanzhou praised him: "The second part of Wenlin Lang Shujing in the Song Dynasty, and the first class of Guangluqing Lian Neng in the Ming Dynasty."
You Yang Tianma Mountain Scenic Area is the hometown of Yao Yu, the ninth generation of Sun Yao Yu of Tianming Gong. Yao Yu Zi Xunfu, Song Longxing Jinshi, Jianzhou Records to join the army.
In the first year of Longxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1163 AD), he migrated from Youyang to Chongqin, Putian, and became the ancestor of the Yao family of the Chongqin faction.
In **32 years, Chongqin was changed to Qinyuan; In 1965, it was divided into two and became two villages, Qindong and Qinxi. The two villages have a population of nearly 5,000 people, of whom 90% are surnamed Yao.
Chongqin Yao is the largest Tianming Gongjifang faction in Putian, and their descendants are distributed in more than 20 villages large and small in Putian.
Shang Gong, the nineteenth grandson of Tianming Gong and a member of the Ming Household Department, moved to Dongting from Chongqin Tumendou during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty and became the ancestor of the Yao family in Dongting.
Chongqin is known as the opening base of the Yao clan in Puxian, and their great filial piety temple has witnessed the rise and fall of the Yao clan in Puxian, and is an important place for the Yao clan to find their roots and friendship.
Yao's base Chongqin - the mausoleum of Tianming Gong of the Great Filial Piety Temple is located on the top of Shaoxi Mountain (commonly known as Jiangdouling), the birthplace of Yao's family, facing the sea by the mountain, and the momentum is majestic. There is a hill in front of the mausoleum, and the scenery is magnificent.
Legend has it that this is a land of great virtue with excellent feng shui. Since ancient times, local residents have revered it as "Tomb of Dr. Yao" and cherished it. The tomb is 1,000 years old and is still well preserved, which is a rare occurrence.
This undoubtedly reflects that Tianming Gong is an upright official and has won the respect of the local people.
Today, the descendants of Tianming Gong have been multiplied and inherited for more than 1,000 years, with more than one million people, including Guangdong, followed by Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and other places, and even footprints all over the world.
In 1994, a delegation of the Yao clan from Chaoyang, Guangdong Province went to the Chongqin Great Filial Piety Temple to worship their ancestors and conduct a three-day friendship activity.
In 2006, the Yao clan of Guangdong returned to Fujian to repair and expand the Tianming Gong Mausoleum and replace it with a new tombstone.
We firmly believe that under the sustainable development of social economy, the Mingde of "filial piety, modesty, honesty and benevolence" advocated by Yu Shun will be better promoted.
The descendants of Yu Shun and the Chinese people around the world will work together to strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
February** Dynamic Incentive Program