Huang Zu, the eighteenth year of the king of Jiangxia

Mondo Social Updated on 2024-02-09

Huang Zu, Jiangxia Taishou, independent of Liu Biao, has been in Jiangxia for 18 years, and his strength is equivalent to Liu Biao. He fought seven times with Sun's father and son, attacking and defending each other, which frustrated Lu Su's "couch strategy" strategy for Sun Quan.

The Huang family originated from Huang Xiang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and he was known as one of the "Twenty-four Filial Piety", and was widely praised for "fragrant nine years, able to warm the seat". Huang Xiang's son Huang Qiong once held the position of the Third Duke and was Liu Yan's father-in-law, and his grandson was the famous Yuzhou Mu Huang Wan.

From Huang Xiang to Huang Qiong and Huang Wan, the Huang family has left writings, poems and books, and profound family learning.

Liu Biao captured Nanjun with the help of Cai Mao, after which Jiangxia Taishou Liu Xiang was killed, and Jiangxia fell into a state of leaderlessness. In order to stabilize Jiangxia, Liu Biao broke the provisions of the Eastern Han Dynasty's "Three Mutual Laws" and appointed Huang Wan, a native of Jiangxia, as the Taishou.

Huang Zu was a member of the Anlu Huang clan, and his prestige was extremely high, and he was able to quickly stabilize the situation in Jiangxia. The Jiangxia people obeyed Huang Zu, not Liu Biao. Liu Biao had the grace of using and recommending Huang Zu, so Huang Zu was independent from Liu Biao, and a subordinate relationship similar to an alliance was formed between them.

Huang Zu's eldest son, Huang Jie, is also a talent, and his official is too shou of Zhangling. Although Huang Zu received the family education inheritance of Anlu Huang, he was still able to appreciate Cai Yong's handwritten inscriptions.

The Anlu Huang family has a long history) In the battle for Yuzhou in late 191, Yuan Shu defeated Yuan Shao and sent Sun Jian, the assassin of Yuzhou, south to attack Liu Biao's Xiangyang.

At this time, Liu Biao had only been in Jingzhou for two years, and only Nanjun really controlled it, so it was difficult to resist Yuan Shu's powerful army. In this situation, in order to repay Liu Biao's assistance, Huang Zu sent troops to rescue Xiangyang.

Liu Biao ordered Huang Zu to defend against Sun Jian on the front line of Fancheng and Deng County on the north bank of the Han River in Xiangyang, but ultimately failed. Sun Jian pursued the Han River and surrounded the city of Xiangyang, while Liu Biao closed the city gates and did not come out.

On the night of the seventh day of the first lunar month in 192, Liu Biao sent Huang Zu out of the city to attack Sun Ying at night, but was intercepted by Sun Jian on the way back, and was defeated and could not return to the city, so he fled to Da Xian Mountain.

Of course, Sun Jian refused to let him go, so he pursued him with victory, but was killed by Huang Zu's army in the bamboo forest. After Sun Jian's death, Yuan Shu's army continued to attack Xiangyang. After more than a year of war, Liu Biao not only held the city of Xiangyang, but also cut off the grain route of Yuan's army, and completely occupied Nanyang in early 193.

After Nanyang and Zhangling were separated into counties, Liu Biao began to think about how to suppress Huang Zu in Jiangxia in order to increase his influence there. If he hadn't been forced to be helpless in the battle, he would never have let Huang Jie become Zhang Ling's Taishou, and then increase the influence of the Huang family.

It is said that Zhangling County was captured by Huang Zu's army, and their army is still stationed in the county. Huang Zu spent so much effort, but in the end he could only get a little soup, which made his army feel very dissatisfied.

Therefore, the only chance for Huang Shot to become Zhang Ling's Taishou was to share the spoils after this victory in early 193. Liu Biao got most of Nanyang County, while the Huang family only got a little Zhangling County.

In 195, Liu Xun became the Lujiang Taishou of Yuan Shu and established a good relationship with Huang Zu. Jiangxia and Zhangling are separated from the Central Plains by Dabie Mountain and Tongbai Mountain, while the south is the underdeveloped area of the south of the Yangtze River.

Both things were allies, and Huang Zu was given six years to develop peacefully in Jiangxia and entered his heyday. He also developed a powerful Mengchong fleet.

In 196, Kong Rong recommended the talented You Heng to Cao Cao, however, You Heng was too young, lacked political wisdom, and often lost control of his emotions. Cao Cao transferred this "time bomb" to Liu Biao, who skillfully used him.

He realized that this arrogant talent was an excellent tool to increase his influence in Jiangxia and Zhangling and to ruin Huang Zu's reputation. So, he devised a plan and gave You Heng to Huang Zu.

As a result, You Heng became Huang Jie's friend and guest, and at a large banquet of Huang Jie, he created the famous story "Parrot Fu". Although Huang Zu finally paid the price for this, it was the scheming Liu Biao who really benefited.

On that day in October 198 A.D., Huang Zu hosted a banquet on a large Mengchong boat on the river to entertain guests. At the banquet, he served a meat soup mixed with millet rice. However, You Heng doesn't care about others, only cares about serving bowl after bowl for yourself, eating with relish, and even playing with spoons.

Zhang Boyun, a native of Jiangxia, couldn't stand it, so he quipped: "Don't you know that our etiquette teaches us how to eat soup?" But You Heng ignored him and continued to play with the spoon.

When Huang Zu saw this scene, he said to You Heng, "You should answer his question politely. However, You Heng said, "Will a gentleman listen to the fart of the horse pulling the cart?" ”

When Huang Zu heard this, he was very angry, so he scolded You Heng. You Heng glared at him fearlessly and scolded, "You pretending to be an elegant dead old man (Dead Forging Tin Gong)!" ”

The elegant banquet has become the tongue battlefield of Youheng. Huang Zu was so angry that he wanted to kill him, but he scolded him all the way on the road, causing Huang Zu's blood pressure to soar and strangled him instead. When Huang Jie heard the news, he ran barefoot to Huang Zu to intercede, but the lord Bo had already been offended by Youheng, and after receiving Huang Zu's order, he immediately strangled him to death.

Huang Jie failed to save You Heng, he cried bitterly to Huang Zu, and said: "Such a talent, even Cao Cao and Liu Biao are not willing to kill, why do you want to kill him?" Huang Zu replied: "He scolded me for pretending to be elegant, shouldn't he be killed?" ”

After calming down, Huang Zu also realized his impulsiveness and ordered someone to bury Youheng. Huang Zu's words and deeds at the banquet, his overreaction to being scolded for his pretentious style, and his behavior of still giving You Heng a noble death in the face of anger all show that he attaches great importance to the elegance of the scholars and literati, and is not stupid as people imagine.

Killing a famous person like You Heng, Huang Zu's prestige was greatly affected, and Liu Biao gradually infiltrated his power into the Huang family's Zhangling and Jiangxia. Politically, Huang Zu is indeed inferior to Liu Biao, but Huang Zhu is stronger than his father.

Sun Ce conquered Huang Zu in 199, and he tricked Liu Xun into going to Yuzhang County to attack the Shangyi (present-day west of Yongxiu County, Jiangxi) clan, and then seized the opportunity to seize his Lujiang County.

After Liu Xun was defeated, he fled to his ally Huang Zu's Jiangxia Liuyi (present-day Huangshi City, Hubei), where he built fortifications on Xisai Mountain and rivers and lakes to resist, and Huang Zu sent Huang Zu with 5,000 sailors to help.

However, they were unable to withstand Sun Ce's attack and ultimately failed, and Liu Xun fled to Cao Cao. Sun Ce then continued westward and attacked Shaxian (present-day Jinkou, Jiangxia District, Wuhan), the seat of Huang Zu's administration.

Sun Ce, a military genius, used the direction of the wind and his own army to successfully fight against Huang Zu's super fleet. In this battle, Liu Biao's nephew Liu Hu and the general Han Xi led five thousand special forces to support, they were armed with spears, good at water warfare, and were powerful.

Huang Zu was eventually defeated and escaped alone, and his family fell into the hands of Sun Ce. In this battle, more than 20,000 people, including Liu Hu and Han Xi, were killed, and thousands more drowned.

Sun Ce captured more than 6,000 ships, the most powerful naval force at the time. The battle took place on December 11, and nine years later in the same winter as the Battle of Chibi, with the same southeast winds.

Huang Zu's vitality was greatly damaged after the Battle of Shaxian, and the gap between his strength and Liu Biao also changed. The purpose of Sun Ce's attack was not to destroy Huang Zu, but to weaken his living force so that he could not attack Sun Ce, who was about to conquer Yuzhang County.

In order to stabilize Jiangxia, Liu Biao took the opportunity to install his own people into the senior management of Jiangxia County, and seized Zhangling County, leaving Cai Mao and Kuai Yue as Taishou respectively. Huang Zu's defensive strategy in the Battle of Shaxian was mainly based on water battles with warships and advancing and retreating along the Yangtze River, but the terrain of Shaxian was not conducive to defense.

Therefore, Huang Zu moved the Jiangxia Zhizhi to Xiakou Qiyue City downstream, and used the terrain of the confluence of the Han River and the Yangtze River to form a three-dimensional water defense system.

This layout would have an important impact on Huang Zu's later battles, and the name "Xiakou" began to become famous all over the world.

After Sun Ce's death in May 200, Sun Quan appointed Xu Sheng as Chaisang's guard general to fight against Huang Zu. Xu Sheng's army at Chaisang was less than 200 men, but in the battle with Huang Zu, he managed to defeat Huang Zu's army and make it dare not invade again.

This battle also showed Chaisang's important position in the fight against Huang Zu, and was Sun Quan's first line against Huang Zu. After Sun Quan's first attack on Jiangxia in 203, Hu Zong became the chief of the upper Jiangxia, indicating that the time of this battle should be between May 200 and Sun Quan's attack on Jiangxia in 203.

This also shows that Sun Ce did not occupy the land of Jiangxia after defeating Huangzu, so Chaisang became the first line. Combined with the surrounding situation during this period, in 200, Lujiang Taishou Li Shu disobeyed Sun Quan and opposed him and a war broke out.

Huang Jie seized the opportunity that Li Shu on the north bank of the river was not threatened, and even Sun Li was fighting, and sent troops to attack Chaisang. However, Huang Jie did not become a threat to Sun Quan again in the end, which also indicates that Huang Chuan was the supreme commander of the first line of defense against Sun in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Jiangxia, and his station was probably Exian (present-day Ezhou City, Hubei), which was later managed by Hu Zong.

This is also the basis for the defeat of Huangzu Shaxian in the battle of Zhangling County by Liu Biao.

In 200, Huang Chuan led thousands of naval troops to the east to challenge Chaisang, and Xu Sheng, the defender of Chaisang, had only 200 soldiers. Although Huang Jie's army was extremely heavy, Xu Sheng's persistence and counterattack made it impossible for Huang Zhu to capture the city, and he was finally discouraged.

At this time, Xu Sheng seized the opportunity and led these two hundred soldiers to rush towards Huang Jie's army and defeat it. Since then, Huang Zhu no longer dared to have any intentions against the Sun family's territory.

Sun Quan's campaign to conquer Jiangxia was different from Sun Ce's strategy, and the capture of Jiangxia was Sun Quan's grand strategy to realize the world"Couch strategy"The first step. In 203, Cao Cao's army entered Xiping County, Runan County, and the situation was unfavorable to Liu Biao, who was unable to withdraw from support Huang Zu in Jiangxia, and Sun Quan saw this as a good opportunity to attack Jiangxia.

He led his navy up the river, defeated Huang Chuan and captured Exian, and then continued to Xiakou. Huang Chuan may have died in Exian in this battle. Huang Zu's army stopped Sun's army at the confluence of the Han River and the Yangtze River, but its strength was not as strong as before.

Ling Cao, the captain of the Sun Army, took the lead, and the warships in front of the Yellow Army were defeated, and the remaining warships were defeated and fled. After Huang Zujun's Gan Ning spontaneously broke off, he organized forces to cooperate with the archers on Turtle Mountain to form a three-dimensional crossfire network to block Sun Jun, and bought time for Huang Zu and his fleet to retreat to the naval camp.

Ling Cao was eventually shot and killed by the crossfire net organized by Gan Ning.

Sun Quan's cousin Xu Kun made great contributions in this crucial battle and tried his best to save the defeat. After eliminating Li, he became the only county marquis in Jiangdong, and was promoted to the general of Pinglu, following the "three captives" general of the Sun family's father and son, enjoying great grace.

If he still survives the last two expeditions against Huang Zu, then he should leave more deeds in history.

Sun Quan's cousin, Xu Kun, died in the campaign against Huang Zu, and his army was helpless in front of the city's defenses. Although this city is not large, it is tailor-made for military operations, and it is very difficult for Sun Quan's army to break through it, and it cannot be captured for a long time.

At this time, a large-scale rebellion broke out in all counties in Jiangdong, and Sun Quan had to withdraw his forces to quell the rebellion, which lasted for three years. Hu Zong was Sun Quan's accompaniment, and accompanied Sun Quan to Huangzu as Jin Cao, and was appointed by Sun Quan as the head of Hubei.

In the area of Exian in the lower reaches of Jiangxia, Sun Quan arranged a defensive system against Huangzu so that he could attack Jiangxia again after the rebellion was suppressed. This is also a key bridgehead for future attacks on Jiangxia.

Huang Zu's deputy Su Fei saved Gan Ning's fate at a critical moment, but Gan Ning still couldn't get Huang Zu's reuse, and he was disheartened and wanted to defect to Sun Quan. Su Fei, who saw Gan Ning's thoughts, invited him to drink, and explained the reason why Huang Zu refused to reuse Gan Ning.

It turned out that Su Fei had recommended Gan Ning to Huang Zu many times, but Huang Zu always refused to reuse him, and even lured Gan Ning's subordinates. So, why did Huang Zu treat Gan Ning like this?

The problem is Su Fei, he is the governor of Jiangxia, the second-in-command of the Jiangxia Military Region, although Liu Biao installed it by Huang Zu's side, but Huang Zu doesn't like him, let alone the people he recommends.

Although Gan Ning had excellent military talents, if he was recommended to Huang Zu by Su Fei, Gan Ning would feel grateful to Su Fei and thus get closer. In this way, how could Huang Zu use Gan Ning with confidence?

Su Fei's political skills are skillful, thoughtful, killing two birds with one stone, and being exquisite in all directions. In order to arrange for Gan Ning to leave, he gave Gan Ning an idea, and then went to recommend Gan Ning to Huang Zu as the head of Yi (now northwest of Huanggang, Hubei).

Gan Ning is a military wizard, and his political vision is not low, and he can't get rid of the fate of being used as a tool in politics like You Heng when he is at a low point. But he still thanked Su Fei for the help he gave when he was lonely, and later saved Su Fei desperately in front of Sun Quan.

In Jiangxia during this period, the fierce struggle for power and internal friction of Liu Biao's forces behind Huang Zu and Su Fei can be seen.

Sun Quan joined forces with Zhou Yu to defeat the thousands of soldiers and horses of Deng Long, the subordinate of Jiangxia Taishou Huang Zu, and captured Deng Long alive and sent him back to Wu. Deng Long may have sent troops this time to provoke a rebellion in Jiangdong, but his strength was far inferior to that of Sun Ce, and Jiangxia's recovery ability was not as good as before.

Sun Quan and Zhou Yu's attention to Deng Long shows that he has caused them a lot of trouble, perhaps because he bought Huang Zu a year. However, not long after the army was dispatched, the death of Sun Quan's biological mother, Lady Wu, forced him to return to Wu County.

Lady Wu died of illness in 207 AD, which is recorded in the tribute book of Huiji County, where Sun Quan was the Huiji Taishou at the time, and because of Lady Wu's death, he did not recommend anyone between 207 and 208.

This matter was recognized by the Zizhi Tongjian, and Sun Quan retired from the army during this period. Huang Zu's reign in his later years was also unsatisfactory, and his Jiangxia income was stretched thin in the first month of 208, and the people around him were deducting the property of his subordinates and the people, causing the lower-level officers and soldiers and the people to be resentful.

Due to the embezzlement of Jiangxia's funds, the ships were dilapidated, the weapons were incomplete, and the combat power was greatly reduced. At the same time, farming was abandoned, the army lacked training, the law was lost, and Jiangxia fell into chaos.

This is mainly due to Huang Zu's old age and deafness and internal friction with Liu Biao. Sun Quan conquered Jiangxia three times, and Zhou Yu, as the governor of the front, led the army to attack Jiangxia again, and prepared a box for Huang Zu and Su Fei in Jiangxia.

Huang Zu ordered Zhang Shuo to go out of the Yangtze River to meet the attack, and Chen was the commander of the fleet in Hanshui, and personally sat in the city of Qiyue. Sun Quanjun's forward Ling Tong was not strictly disciplined, and he left the large army with dozens of people in a boat for dozens of miles.

One day, Ling Tong met Zhang Shuo's fleet, and Ling Tong led the crowd to board the ship and kill him, and all Zhang Shuo's men surrendered.

Sun's army led by Ling Tong engaged in a fierce battle with Huang Zu's forward fleet at the exit from the Han River to the Yangtze River. Huang Zu ordered the large Mengchong giant ship, wrapped in raw cowhide, to stop horizontally on the river and fasten it to the boulder with thick ropes to stop the advance of Sun's army.

There were a thousand crossbowmen on board, and the dense rain of arrows and the bows and crossbows on Turtle Mountain threw stones, forming a powerful network of firepower, making it impossible for Sun's army to pass. Although the former governor Zhou Yu ordered a large number of ships to storm the two Mengchong at the mouth of the river, it was not uncommon for ships to be wrecked by stones.

Zhou Yu realized that a large-scale attack would not work, so he ordered Dong Xi and Ling Tong to be the captains of the death squad, leading 100 daredevils, wearing double armor, on a large ship, braving the rain of arrows and flying stones, to rush towards Meng Chong.

Dong Xi bravely cut the two large brown ropes that held Meng Chong in place, and Meng Chong was swept away by the river, and Sun Quan's army was able to rush into the mouth of the river. "

Title: Dong Raid Turns the Tide, Huang Zu Kills Jiangkou Text: Huang Zu ordered Chen Yu, the naval governor of Hanshui to stand by, and prepare to meet Sun Quan's fleet. However, the vanguard team led by Lü Meng, the commander of Pingbei, had the advantage in the battle, and personally cut off Chen Zhuo's head and hung it on the flagpole to show the public.

When Huang Zu's naval army saw that the main general was dead, he immediately fell into chaos. Sun Quanjun learned the lessons of the past and adopted a strategy of advancing by land and water, first clearing the firepower on Turtle Mountain, and then Ling Tong led the main elite to storm Qiyue City.

Before Lü Meng completely wiped out the Huang Zu Water Army, the city of Qiyue had already been captured by Ling Tong. Huang Zu tried to break through and escape, but was caught up and beheaded by Feng Ze, a cavalryman of the Sun army. Huang Zu dominated Jiangxia for 18 years, and was attacked by the Sun family many times externally, and was subjected to Liu Biao's internal friction internally.

Later, he was old and mediocre, politically chaotic, the economy collapsed, his armament was not repaired, and the soldiers and people were alienated from morality, which eventually led to his demise. This is the famous "couch strategy", that is, to use the time of Cao Cao to unify the north, and Cao Cao to seize the time to destroy Huang Zu to swallow Jingzhou and take Yizhou, and then fight for a male and female.

However, when Cao Cao completed the unification of the north and took Jingzhou in the south in 208, Sun Quan eliminated Huang Zu and completed the first step. The huge gap with Cao Cao's progress and strength made Jiangdong's "couch strategy" lose its meaning for a while and suffered a heavy setback.

After Liu Biao defeated Zhang Xian, he took control of the four counties of Jingnan, and was complacent and no longer rescued Huang Zu. He intended to let Huang Zu and the Sun clan consume each other, and he benefited from it.

But who would have expected that Cao Cao would "yellow sparrow behind" and take his Jingzhou. As Sun Ce and Gan Ning said: "Liu Biao can be arrogant, it all depends on Huang Zu as his minions, without minions, Liu Biao is easy to clean up!" ”

Huang Zu and Liu Biao both died in 208, and their power also perished in this year. The main reason is that Liu Biao did not handle the relationship with Huang Zu well, cut off his siblings, and finally cheapened others.

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