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Pakistan's founding history dates back to the early 20th century, when Muslim leaders came up with the idea of creating an independent Muslim state. In 1947, Pakistan declared its independence and became a sovereign state. However, Pakistan's origins are not flat. In South Asia under British colonial rule, religious and cultural differences grew, especially between Hindus and Muslims. In order to provide Muslims with the protection of religious freedom and cultural traditions, the idea of independence gradually took shape and became the cornerstone of Pakistan's statehood.
However, Pakistan's independence faces many challenges. First, the partition led to large-scale religious upheaval and population migration, causing tragedy and conflict. Second, the new state has relatively weak infrastructure and economic resources, and needs to establish an effective governance system. In addition, Pakistan has also become embroiled in a dispute with India in the Kashmir region. These challenges put Pakistan in a difficult position in the early days of independence.
Since independence in 1947, Pakistan's political history has been full of ups and downs. In particular, the change of power that accompanies the post of prime minister has attracted a great deal of attention. From Lyakat Ali Khan to Imran Khan, Pakistan's prime ministers have experienced the fate of being in power and being ousted again and again. This reflects not only the complexity of Pakistan's political environment, but also the impact of the international political landscape.
In 1958, Ibrahim Isaac Chagis Mohammed Mirza was removed from office by the head of state, and General Ayub Khan came to power in a military coup, beginning a decade-long period of military rule in Pakistan. This coup established the position of the military in Pakistani politics and set the stage for the coup d'état that followed. In 1977, Prime Minister Bhutto was dismissed from office after a contested election, and Pakistan once again entered an era of military rule. Bhutto's ouster and execution, which sparked political turmoil within Pakistan and has also become the focus of international attention, demonstrates the fragility of Pakistan's political system.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, Pakistan's political landscape has remained volatile. In 2007, Musharraf** dismissed Sharif from his post as Prime Minister, triggering a serious political crisis that eventually led to Musharraf's resignation. In 2022, Imran Khan was forced to ** due to the loss of parliamentary trust. This coup d'état reflects the depth of Pakistan's internal politics and the seriousness of economic and social contradictions. Imran Khan's action not only challenged his political philosophy, but also marked a major turning point in Pakistan's political landscape.
Pakistan has always played an important role in the great power game. Due to its geographical location, it is not only the key to South Asian politics, but also a bridge connecting the Middle East and Central Asia. As a result, Pakistan's external relations, especially with major powers, are fraught with variables and challenges. This challenge has been exacerbated by the foreign policy of Prime Minister Imran Khan's tenure.
Imran Khan is clearly inclined to strengthen relations with China and Russia, especially on the CPEC project. This makes Pakistan a key part of the Belt and Road Initiative. At the same time, Imran Khan also tried to improve relations with the United States, but was criticized and pressured by the United States for the terrorist problem in Pakistan. In addition, Pakistan's relations have also been influenced by two neighbouring countries, India and Afghanistan, especially with regard to Kashmir and the Taliban.
Overall, Pakistan faces many challenges as a key player in the great power game. In order to play a greater role in international relations, it needs to strike a balance between it and the resolution of its own problems, as well as with the resolution of its own problems.
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