Wang Anshi (1021-1086), whose name is Jiefu, was born in Linchuan, Jiangxi.
Wang Anshi was interested in studying at the age of 12, and he was a high school scholar at the age of 22, during which it was exactly 10 years. After 10 years of suffering, he told in detail about his wandering whereabouts and painstaking feelings in his youth in "Remembering Yesterday's Poems to Show His Brother".
In his poems, "spirit and the sun compete for glory", it can be seen that his ambition is magnificent;
Take advantage of the pen play spring" can be seen that his talent is abundant;
Duanju sighed with emotion and suddenly realized that ""Yin Oh book Xie Qinghang" can be seen in his cautionary feelings;
The spirit is displaced, the liver and lungs are absolutely gone", which shows the grief of his father.
It belongs to the edict of the Emperor and the Emperor of the People's Republic of China", "Fishing for Bo Lu Huan Ting", which shows the joy of his younger brother's success.
Wang Anshi is talented, extraordinary, ambitious, not interested in secular fame, and intends to do big things and practical things, not to be a big official. He once gave up and refused several opportunities to go to the capital to be an official, asking to stay at the grassroots level.
Specifically, first, although the state and county are small, the county is accumulated. The county accumulates the world, the county governs, the world is all governed, and being an official in the local area is accumulating experience in governing the world;
Second, as a local chief official, you can implement your own thinking, break through the rules and regulations, boldly let go of your work, and work effectively;
Third, as a local chief, you can reach out to the people at the bottom, understand the people's livelihood, and formulate the most applicable policies.
In short, the reason why Wang Anshi had the confidence to say such a poem as a small county magistrate in his thirties, "not afraid of clouds and clouds, and being at the top by chance" is directly related to his outstanding talent, lofty vision, grand ambition, and different customs of mind.
It is precisely because of his extraordinary insight, mind and accumulation that he was able to preside over the overall situation of law reform and actively promote the great cause of reform in the future.
Wang Anshi's greatest political achievement in his life was to implement law changes. In the first year of Xining (1068), after Song Shenzong ascended the throne, he wanted to seek a way to make the country rich and powerful and get out of the crisis. Wang Anshi was specially summoned to the palace to ask for advice, and Wang Anshi put forward his political proposal to reform state affairs, which was very in line with the wishes of the Divine Sect.
In the second year of Xining, Shenzong mentioned Wang Anshi as the governor of the government. In the following year, he was appointed as the same Zhongshu Sect under the Ping Zhangshi (Zheng Cheng Prime Minister).
With the support of Shenzong, Wang Anshi successively implemented a series of legal reforms, such as the Uniform Loss Law, the Qingtian Law, the Exemption Law, the Shiyi Law, and the Fangtian Uniform Tax Law, which is known as the "Xifeng New Law" in history.
Wang Anshi's reform was met with great resistance from the beginning, but he was unswerving and insisted on reform, during which he experienced countless difficult struggles.
In April of the seventh year of Xining (1074) and July of the ninth year of Xining (1076), he was forced to resign twice and resign as prime minister.
In September of the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was named the Duke of Jingguo.
In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), Song Shenzong died, and the new law existed in name only.
In the first year of Emperor Zhezong of the Song Dynasty (1086), the leader of the opposition, Sima Guang, came to power as the prime minister and abolished all new laws, and Wang Anshi died of grief.
Wang Anshi has read a lot in his life. According to his own words: "From the books of the hundred schools, as for the "Difficult Scripture", "Su Wen", and "Materia Medica", all ** read everything. ”
When he saw that some of his friends did not read, he sighed, "It's a pity that Aung Zang's husband was born not to read half a line of books." And urged his friends to study. Wang Anshi also admonished the world, "For the poor, books can make them rich; For the rich, books can make them expensive. ”
Wang Anshi is one of the "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Wang Anshi's poems in his early years were appreciated and praised by the literary master Ouyang Xiu.
Even Su Shi, who disagreed with his political views, said: "The poems of Jing Gong in his twilight years have always had a place of convergence."
Later, there were Ye Mengde, Zeng Jili, Huang Tingjian, Yan Yu, Yang Wanli, and Qing Dynasty poetry critic He Shang and others who were full of praise.
Perhaps there are different debates on Wang Anshi's reform of law and politics in history, but Wang Anshi's poetry creation is unanimous and praised, let's read Wang Anshi's poems.
is not afraid of clouds to cover his eyes, and he is at the top by chance.
- "Ascending the Flying Peak".
I am not afraid that the clouds will obscure the vision from afar, just because I am standing on the top of the peak. This poem symbolizes a firm belief in life and a broad horizon, expressing the poet's fearless spirit and transcending ordinary heights in the face of difficulties and challenges.
The spring breeze and the south bank of the Green River, when will the bright moon shine on me.
- "Docking the Boat Guazhou".
The spring breeze once again blows green the grass and trees on the south bank of the Yangtze River, and when will that bright moon illuminate my way home? The poet uses the spring scenery to express homesickness, and the bright moon becomes a symbol of longing for home, evoking the reader's deep longing for home and loved ones.
Thousands of households always replace the new peach with the old one.
- "Yuan Ri".
At the moment when the sun rises and the glory shines, thousands of households have changed into new peach charms to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. This sentence depicts the renewal of Vientiane on the occasion of the new year, conveying people's enthusiasm for life and good wishes for good luck in the new year.
There are a few plums in the corner, and Ling Han opens it alone.
- "Plum Blossoms".
A few plum branches in the corner of the wall bloom proudly in the bitter cold, exuding fragrance alone. This poem creates the image of the plum blossom Ling Han blooming alone, using objects as a metaphor for people, praising the spirit of perseverance and perseverance, and allegorical to maintain independence and nobility even in the face of adversity.
The wind and the yalu are sparkling, and the goose is yellow and hanging.
- Nanpu
The windy waters of the Yalu River are sparkling and rise and fall with the breeze; The young willow goose that reflects the sun is yellow and soft, curling and hanging low. This poem blends the vivid fluctuations of the river in the spring breeze with the graceful lightness of the new willows, showing a vibrant, bright and moving spring picture, giving people a quiet and beautiful visual enjoyment and emotional touch.
Although the children of Jiangdong are here now, are they willing to make a comeback with the king?
- "Overlapping Wujiang Pavilion".
Even if the children of Jiangdong are still there now, who can make a comeback with Xiang Yu again? Through reflection on history, the poet expresses the emotion of personnel changes and the cessation of the times, and also reveals the profound theme that the success or failure of heroes is often tied to the will of the people.
You don't see the long door close at hand, Gillian, and there is no north and south in life.
- "Two Songs of the Ming Concubine: One of Them".
What you can't see is the loneliness of Gillian's deep closure of the long door, and the frustration in life is not divided into north and south regions. This poem uses the allusion of the deposed empress Chen Ajiao of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to point out that the ups and downs of fate are not a specific regional problem, but a universal life dilemma.
A water to protect the field will be green, and the two mountains will send the green.
- "Book Lake Yin Mr. Wall Two Songs, One of Them".
A clear stream surrounds the fields, as if guarding the green life; The two green hills seem to open to each other, sending the verdant eyes to the eyes. The poet uses anthropomorphic techniques to vividly depict the harmonious integration of the natural environment and the human landscape, and praises the beauty of the pastoral scenery.
Until now, thousands of years later, who is competing for merit!
- "The Wandering Sand Makes Iryu and the Two Declines".
Until today, after thousands of years, who can compete with virtuous ministers like Yi Yin and Lu Shang for merit? This sentence is based on the situation of ancient famous ministers, and praises those who have made outstanding contributions to the country, and their great achievements have traveled through time and space, and they have lasted for a long time, and no one can match them.
The green mountains are surrounded by doubts, and suddenly a thousand sails are faintly reflected.
- "On the River".
The mountains are undulating, and it seems that there is no way forward, but suddenly I find that a thousand sails are faintly coming from a distance. The poet skillfully captures the moment of sudden enlightenment, and uses figurative language to imply that there will always be a turning point in a desperate situation, showing the unpredictable and hopeful philosophical connotation of life.
Count the fallen flowers because of sitting for a long time, and it is late to find the grass.
- "North Mountain".
Due to the long-term meditation and counting the falling flowers, the pace of searching for the grass has become slow, and the return journey has been delayed. This sentence depicts a picture of tranquility and leisure, expressing the poet's state of mind of indulging in the beauty of nature and forgetting the passage of time.
Since ancient times, the people have been driven in faithfulness, and a word is heavy and light.
- "Shang Ying".
Since ancient times, the key to governing the people is to keep promises and treat people sincerely, and the value of an oath is far greater than the weight of a hundred taels. This verse celebrates the importance of integrity in the governance of the country, and proposes the profound idea that verbal commitment is more important than material possessions.
The old roots are strong, and the leaves are more yin.
- "Lonely Tree".
As the years go, the roots of the trees become stronger and stronger; The stronger the sun, the denser and cooler the foliage. The poet uses the vitality of the lonely tree as a metaphor, and allegorizes the truth that life is old and strong, and the experience is more outstanding.
The breeze and the moon are left unattended, and the south is cool.
- "Sitting in the Evening Building".
The breeze and the bright moon are unattended, and together they turn into a cool feeling from the south, refreshing people's hearts. This poem depicts a leisurely and pleasant evening scene, reflecting the beauty of natural harmony and the poet's tranquil state of mind.
The sick body is most aware of the wind and dew early, and the dream does not know the length of the landscape.
- "Gexi Station".
The sick body is more likely to perceive the invasion of wind and dew, but the road home in the dream does not know the mountains and rivers. It depicts the homesickness of the traveler during his illness, highlighting the deep attachment to the warmth of his hometown and the emotion of returning to his heart when he is sick and weak.
The spring color is annoying and can't sleep, and the moon moves and the shadow of the flowers is dry.
- "Spring Night".
The sultry spring color makes it difficult to sleep, only to see the bright moonlight moving by, and the flower shadow is cast on the railing. The poet depicts the beautiful scenery of the spring night with delicate brushstrokes, expressing the beauty of spring that is intoxicating and arouses endless thoughts.
There is nowhere to speak, and it is passed on to the pipa to know itself.
- "Ming Concubine Song Two Songs".
The heart is full of deep ** words but there is nothing to talk about, only to send thousands of words to the sound of the pipa, the deep meaning of which is only known to one's own heart. This poem shows Wang Zhaojun's inner loneliness and helplessness, and it has become a unique way for her emotional sustenance.
The wind and rain hit the garden at dusk, and the remnants of chrysanthemums were full of gold.
- "Remnant Chrysanthemum".
At dusk, the wind and rain beat the garden, and the withered chrysanthemums were scattered all over the ground, as if sprinkled with gold. By depicting the scene of chrysanthemums devastated by wind and rain, the poet alludes to the decay of life and the ruthless changes of time.
It seems to be the most ordinary and strange, but it is easy but hard.
- "Poems of Zhang Siye".
Things that seem ordinary and ordinary often contain the most peculiar changes and developments, just like completing a seemingly easy thing behind the arduous process. The poem reveals the contrast between the appearance and the substance, and celebrates the hard work behind success.
When he was young, he loved pear chestnuts and grew up to read five car books.
- "Gift to the Grandson".
When children are young, they like to chase pears and chestnuts and other things to play with, but as they grow up, they should read five carts of books to enrich their knowledge. This poem urges younger generations to grasp the stage of growth, shift from playfulness to studiousness, and accumulate a wide range of knowledge, emphasizing the importance of reading and learning for personal growth.
Self-cultivation and deeds, words must be made by rope and ink.
- "Destiny".
Self-cultivation, words and deeds follow the norms and laws. This sentence expresses the rigorous requirements for personal moral cultivation, emphasizing that no matter when and where, we should restrain our own behavior with noble standards, showing a pure and firm pursuit of life.
Thousands of miles of Chengjiang are like practice, and the green peaks are like clusters.
- "Guizhixiang Jinling Nostalgia".
The vast river is as clear as a ribbon, and the emerald green peaks are clustered like a picture. This poem depicts the beautiful landscape of the south of the Yangtze River in concise and poetic language, and allegorizes the eternal and magnificent style of the natural landscape in the long history.
Suddenly remember the old people and now they are always old. It's good to dream. Forgot about Handan Road in a daze.
- "Fisherman's Pride, Ping'an Bridge Thousand Peaks".
Suddenly I remembered that my former friends were now old, immersed in beautiful dreams, and completely forgot the troubles of the world and the road of life. In this way, the poet expresses his feelings about the passage of time, the changes in personnel, and the yearning for carefree dreams.
It is too empty and real to be traced, and the leaves and pine branches are ancient and modern.
- "Fables Two Songs, Part 1".
The universe is so ethereal that it cannot be traced concretely; Larch branches have carried the passage of time since ancient times, but it is difficult to capture the true appearance of time. The poems reveal profound contemplation of everything in the world and the nature of life, and embody the philosophical contemplation of the coexistence of virtual and real.
If you fail to reach the root and return to the roots, you will not be able to speak of ignorance.
- "Daben".
If you fail to understand the origin of life, let's first return to the root of your heart; True enlightenment does not need words to discern all ignorance. This poem leads people to return to the depths of their hearts to seek wisdom and realize the simplicity of the road beyond words.
Shi Junzi looked at the streamer carefully, and did not hesitate to look for drunken clothes.
- "The Name of the Medicine of Hewei Persuades Wine".
If Shi Junzi can savor the passage of time, why not indulge in this hearty wine? The poet cleverly incorporates the name of the medicine into the words, encouraging people to cherish time, enjoy life, and face the shortcomings of life with a free and easy attitude.
The world has failed to do so, and the west wind and sunset look back.
- "Eating New City Lotus".
There are two wishes in the world that are often difficult to fulfill, and at this moment, looking back on the past under the west wind and sunset, I only feel confused. It contains a faint sorrow for unfulfilled wishes, as well as a deep nostalgia for the passing time.
The spring breeze is warm on the pillow of the north window, and he reads several books of Biye.
- "North Window".
Under the spring breeze blowing under the north window, the warmth is melting, lying on the pillow leisurely, and opening a few volumes of Buddhist scriptures to study at will. This poem outlines a picture of a leisurely and indifferent life, conveying the joy and tranquility of reading quietly and detached from things.
Mo Yan does not know the autumn of the grass and trees, and today the situation has been worried.
- "Autumn".
Don't say that the grass and trees don't know the autumn mood, today's changes have been filled with a faint sorrow. Through the changes in the natural scene, the inner feeling is reflected, indicating that the arrival of autumn not only changes the style of the earth, but also arouses the poet's deep resonance with the change of seasons and the impermanence of life.
Poetry and books are now in my eyes, and I still want poetry and economics.
- "The First Rest and the State".
Although he now holds the classics of poetry and books in his hand, his heart is still surging with the desire to weave the warp and weft of governing the country with poetry. This sentence reveals the poet's talent and ideals, his desire to put what he has learned into practice, and his feelings of writing grand ambitions with poetry.
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