What is more worrying is that although the prevalence of diabetes is increasing year by year, the overall awareness, rate and control rate of diabetes in China are still at a low level.
This means that many patients do not know that they have the disease, and many of those who do know they have the disease do not receive timely and effective management**.
As many as 63% of people with diabetes have no idea about the disease, which undoubtedly brings great challenges to diabetes prevention and control.
Due to the lack of early intervention and opportunities, many patients miss the best opportunity, resulting in increased difficulty and reduced quality of life in the later stage.
Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease, and its complications can affect all organs of the body, seriously threatening the health of patients.
Diabetes is a common chronic condition that is diagnosed when blood sugar levels are above the normal range.
In general, when the fasting blood sugar level is higher than 70 millimoles of liters (mmol L) or a 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level above 11Diabetes mellitus can be diagnosed at 1 millimole liter (mmol L).
Fasting blood glucose refers to the measurement of blood sugar levels after 8 hours of fasting, and the normal range is generally 39-6.Between 1 millimole of liters (mmol L) if the fasting blood sugar level is higher than 70 millimoles of liters (mmol L), you may have diabetes.
2-hour postprandial blood glucose refers to the measurement of blood glucose levels 2 hours after eating, and the normal range is generally 44-7.8 millimoles of liters (mmol L) if the blood sugar level is higher than 11 2 hours after a meal1 millimole liter (mmol L), you may have diabetes.
It is important to note that diabetes cannot be diagnosed with just one blood glucose measurement, and at least two or more measurements are required to make a diagnosis.
In addition, if a patient's blood sugar level is only slightly high and does not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, but is beyond the normal range, it may be considered prediabetes or impaired glucose tolerance.
Genetic factors
Diabetes is a hereditary disease, and genetic studies have shown that the incidence of diabetes is significantly different among blood relatives compared to non-blood relatives, with the former being 5 times higher than the latter.
In diabetic form**, the importance of genetic factors is 50%, and in diabetic type it is more than 90%.
Mental factors
The role of mental factors in the occurrence and development of diabetes has also been confirmed, accompanied by mental tension, emotional agitation and various stress states, which will cause a large amount of secretion of hyperglycemic hormones, such as growth hormone, norepinephrine, glucagon and adrenocorticosteroids.
Obesity factor
Obesity is an important predisposing factor of diabetes, and about 60%-80% of adult diabetic patients are obese before the onset of diabetes, and the degree of obesity is directly proportional to the incidence of diabetes.
Infection
Juvenile diabetes is obviously related to viral infection, and the infection itself does not induce diabetes, but only makes hidden diabetes visible.
Genetic factors
Diabetes is scientifically thought to be caused by damage to several genes, including damage to the insulin gene, the insulin receptor gene, the glucolysin gene, and the mitochondrial gene.
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and long-term hyperglycemic state can lead to vascular lesions and increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease.
Retinopathy
Long-term hyperglycemia can lead to retinopathy, which can lead to serious consequences such as vision loss and blindness.
Kidney lesions
Diabetes can damage the kidneys, leading to diseases such as renal insufficiency and uremia.
Neuropathy
Diabetes can damage the nervous system, causing numbness, pain in the hands and feet, and even paralysis in severe cases.
Peanuts, a nut snack loved by the general public, have a sweet taste and a long aftertaste, whether they are eaten raw as a snack or as a cooking ingredient, they have shown incomparable charm.
However, there are different opinions about peanuts, and some people firmly believe that the rich nutrients contained in peanuts, especially the unsaturated fatty acids they contain, can effectively reduce blood viscosity and build a protective wall for cardiovascular health.
However, there is also another view that peanuts may cause blood sugar levels to rise, making them a hidden danger for diabetes.
These two very different points of view make one wonder: which is the correct statement? Can diabetics still enjoy the delicious taste of peanuts with confidence?
In fact, the answer to this question is not black and white, the nutritional value of peanuts is undeniable, it is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids, fiber, etc., which play an important role in maintaining human health.
As for the problem that it may lead to a rise in blood sugar, it is not absolute, moderate consumption, with a reasonable diet, peanuts will not pose a threat to the health of diabetics.
Therefore, for diabetic patients, peanuts are not an absolute forbidden area, the key is to control the amount of consumption, and the combination with other foods, as long as you master the right way to eat, peanuts can still become a part of the healthy diet of diabetic patients.
Foods high in sugar
Diabetic patients want to have strong islets, they must pay attention to dietary control, foods with high sugar content are the enemies of islet health, because a high-sugar diet will increase the burden on islets and lead to the decline of islet function.
Pancreatic islets are the key organs in the body responsible for regulating blood sugar, and once damaged, blood sugar control will become extremely difficult, and a high-sugar diet will not only cause direct damage to pancreatic islets, but also affect insulin secretion.
Insulin is the only hypoglycemic hormone in the human body, which plays a vital role in maintaining blood sugar stability, and when the function of pancreatic islets declines, insulin secretion decreases, and the ability to regulate blood sugar decreases, which in turn leads to a series of health problems.
Fried foods
Fried foods contain high levels of fat and calories, which can easily lead to blood sugar fluctuations and insulin resistance, and excessive fat intake will also increase the burden on pancreatic islet cells and further damage the function of pancreatic islets. The fats and calories in fried foods tend to lead to blood sugar fluctuations and insulin resistance, because foods high in fats and calories can burden the islet cells, and in the long run, the function of the islets will be gradually impaired.
Impaired islet function is one of the main causes of diabetes, so diabetics should pay special attention to controlling their fat and calorie intake.
Bitter melon
Bitter melon contains bitter melon saponins, which have an insulin-like effect, which can promote insulin secretion and lower blood sugar. In addition, bitter melon is also rich in vitamin C and minerals, which can improve the body's immunity.
Celery
Celery is a low-calorie, high-fiber vegetable rich in vitamins and minerals, which can boost metabolism, increase satiety, and help control blood sugar.
Tofu
Tofu is a high-protein, low-fat food rich in phytoestrogens and trace elements, which can improve the body's metabolic function and help control blood sugar.
Oats
Oats are rich in dietary fiber and -glucan, which can slow down the digestion and absorption of food and control the rise in blood sugar.
Breakfast:
Choose foods that are low in sugar, high in fiber, and high in vitamins, such as oatmeal, whole wheat bread, eggs, milk, etc.
Avoid foods high in sugar, fat, and salt, such as fried dough sticks, pancakes, fruits, porridge, etc.
Small intake of fruits, such as apples, pears, etc., is recommended to be consumed at breakfast.
Lunch:
Eat a variety of foods that are high in fiber and low in fat, such as vegetables, lean meats, fish, etc.
Pay attention to control the intake of staple foods, such as rice, noodles, etc., and it is recommended to eat them in moderation.
Avoid foods high in sugar, fat, and salt, such as sweet and sour tenderloin, fried chicken, etc.
Dinner:
Choose light, low-fat, low-calorie foods such as vegetables, tofu, lean meats, etc.
Pay attention to control the intake of staple foods, such as rice, noodles, etc., and it is recommended to eat them in moderation.
Avoid foods high in sugar, fat, and salt, such as braised pork, fried chicken, etc.
Insulin resistance refers to the body's reduced response to insulin, resulting in blood sugar not being able to enter the cells and be utilized normally, thus raising blood sugar levels.
Insulin is the only hormone in the body that can lower blood sugar, and it promotes the uptake and utilization of glucose by cells, thereby maintaining blood sugar stability.
However, when the body's response to insulin decreases, the effect of insulin is weakened, and blood sugar cannot enter the cells smoothly, resulting in an increase in blood sugar.
Insulin resistance is one of the important pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes, obesity, hypertension and other diseases, which often gather together to form the so-called "metabolic syndrome", which brings great harm to people's health.
To improve insulin resistance, people need to take a range of lifestyle and medication** measures. For example, through a reasonable diet and exercise, weight loss and improve the body's metabolic state, thereby enhancing the body's sensitivity to insulin.
In addition, some medications such as metformin, thiazolidinedione, etc. can also help improve insulin resistance and lower blood sugar levels.
In short, insulin resistance is one of the important pathophysiological mechanisms of a variety of diseases, understanding the meaning and harm of insulin resistance, and taking scientific lifestyle and drug measures can help maintain people's health.