Gerund doing.
Hello everyone, today we learn gerunds. What do you know about gerunds? Now let me tell you. Geund: A noun with a special form that has the characteristics of both a verb and a noun. Today I want to talk about five points about gerunds.
1.The tense and voice of gerunds.
2.Negative.
3.Composite structure.
4.Syntactic function (subject-object representation).
5.Difference from infinitive.
1.The tense and voice of gerunds. In general, the active voice is doing, and the passive voice is being done. Meaning: Indicates that the active voice h**ing done occurs at the same time or after the action of the predicate verb or when the time is completed unambiguously, and the passive voice h**ing been done indicates that the action occurs before the predicate verb.
Note: When the logical subject of the gerund is the object of the action of the gerund, the gerund should have a passive voice, and the intransitive verb has no passive voice. For example, she is practising speaking french, where a predicate verb occurs simultaneously with a gerund. I am considering moving to Canada, the gerund occurs after the predicate verb. The book is worth buying, and there is no clear chronological order at this time.
2.Negative. Add not before gerunds, e.g. her not working hard made all of us very annoyed
3.Composite structure.
1.Possessive pronouns, noun possessives. Demonstrative pronouns or indefinite pronouns can restrict gerunds. For example, my drinking and sleeping too much, h**e done harm to my health. mary's falling ill made her mother sad.Mary was sick and her mother was sad. she objected to those being said about her.She objected to what others said about her.
2.There is a there being plus noun structure. i must say i agree with you about there being bad feelings in the workers.I have to say that I agree with you that the workers are in bad moods.
4.Syntactic function. Gerunds are mainly used as subjects, objects, predicates, and definites in sentences. Being a subject denotes an abstract concept, habit, recurrent action, or experience. It often refers to an action or behavior in general.
The gerund is the subject, and the predicate verb usually uses the singular form to represent multiple gerunds of different concepts, and when the and is connected as the subject, the predicate is in the plural form. When the gerund is the subject, it is often used as the formal subject, or in the sentence pattern of it is no + noun + doing. For example: doing is more difficult than talking. its no good doing that.
It is no use good doing sth,it's a waste of time doing...its worth doing，there is no use/good doing...
The second is used as an object, which indicates a general, abstract, and recurrent behavior. The following are common verbs that can only be used as objects with a gerun: like, consider, and not immune. Enjoy, consider, escape, **oid, stop giving up too risky. stop, give up, risk, oppose imagination and don't postpone. oppose, imagine, delay, put off, ask for completion is the expectation. require,finish,look forward to,It is recommended to continue to exercise frequently. suggest, go on, practice, forgiveness and persistence. can't help,excuse,insist on,continue to pay attention to make success. keep on mind，succeed in。
For example: we are considering changing our plan. It can be the object of both a verb and an object of a preposition. If there is a complement after the object, it is often used as the formal object. For example: by doing so, you can make it better. We found it,no good arguing with others.
After part of the verb: need, want, require, demand, deserve, be worth doing, etc. The gerund active means passive and can be the same as the passive form of the infinitive. For example: my phone needs, renewing, which is equal to my phone needs to be renewed. After excuse, forgive, and pardon, it can be followed by two forms: such as:
5. The difference between it and infinitive:
1. The gerund denotes a habit, a known thing or experience or a general action, while the infinitive denotes a specific or one-time action. For example: it is not good for you to drink so muchDrinking so much alcohol is not good for your health.
Second, gerunds are more expressive"Go with the flow"The result is expressed in multiple infinitives"Subjective effort"results. For example: to study hard makes you succeed(Subjective effort) to study hard makes you successful.
3. The use or function of the noun in the gerund as a definite list, and the infinitive as a postposition predicate mostly indicates the action that occurs after the predicate action, and can also express the active action that has been completed in the past. At this time, it is often modified by adjectives, participles, or ordinal numbers. For example: i h**e a sleeping bagI have a sleeping bag.
Fourth, the problem to be discussed tomorrow is of greatest interestThe issues to be discussed tomorrow are interesting. she was the first to discover your secret.I have a sleeping bag. She is the first to discover your secrets.
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