Neem seed, neem root bark
Neem is also known as golden bell. The root bark of neem and neem are both from the neem plant, the fruit of which is neem, and the root bark or bark is neem bark.
[Sexual taste and efficacy].
Neem seed: Relieve liver and heat, relieve pain, and kill insects. It is used for liver stagnation, chest and abdomen distension pain, hernia pain, and worm accumulation abdominal pain.
Neem root bark: insecticide, treatment of ringworm. used for ascariasis, pinworm disease, abdominal pain; External treatment of scabies itching.
[Traditional Applications].
It is mainly used for the treatment of abdominal pain, hernia pain and abdominal pain.
This medicine is often used in the following traditional prescriptions: Jin Lingzi San ("Living Secrets"): Sichuan neem seed, Yan Hu Suo, ** fever and heartache; Jin Lingzi San ("Yang's Family Tibetan Recipe"): Sichuan neem seeds, fennel, ** bladder hernia, inability to pass urine and bowel movements.
[Main ingredients].
Neem mainly contains azadirachtin (i.e., azadirachtin ), as well as azadirachtone, azadirachtol, and a variety of fatty acids. The bark of neem root mainly contains azadirachtin as well as neutral resins, dosoles and coumarins.
[pharmacological effect].
(1) DriveAscarisrole
Toosendanin and neutral resin are active ingredients that repel roundworms and can paralyze the heads of roundworms.
b).Anti-twilight effect
Neem alcohol infusion has a strong antifungal effect.
(3) Promote intestinal motility
Neem has the effect of promoting intestinal muscle tone, which can cause spasmodic contractions and cause abdominal pain and diarrhea, so laxatives can not be used when driving roundworms.
[Clinical application].
1.* Intestinal wormosis.
2.* Tinea capitis.
3.* Acute mastitis.
4.It has been reported to be commonly used for stomach pain and hepatitis.
Dosage and Usage
Pharmacopoeia dose: neem 45～9g;Neem root bark 3 9g, fresh 15 30g
Usual clinical dose: 9 12g.
High dose: Do not use in larger doses.
Application: Decoction in water.
[Clinical experience].
a).Chuan neem is drivenAscarismedicine
The scope of neem in ancient works such as the "Compendium of Materia Medica" is relatively narrow; Such as "fever and abdominal pain", "hernia hemorrhoids". Jiegu Jin Lingzi San** "Fever and abdominal pain, or onset or stop, body heat and foot cold, long time does not heal". The description of these symptoms is more consistent with the clinical manifestations of intestinal and biliary ascariasis. The use of neem seeds and Yanhusuo to kill insects and relieve pain should be said to be a more effective method under the circumstances at that time.
It has been confirmed that neem seed and neem root bark contain azadirachtin, which is an alkaloid glycoside, which has the effect of paralyzing roundworms and promoting spasmodic contraction of intestinal muscles, so it has a good clinical effect of repelling roundworms.
The medicinal power of neem root bark is stronger than that of neem seed, and has a laxative effect. The juice is bitter and has a nausea reaction.
(2) Neem ** stomach pain is a misunderstanding
Because the description of ancient diseases is more macroscopic, the parts of bile pain and stomach pain are in the upper abdomen and under the xiphoid process, in traditional Chinese medicine belongs to the stomach part, and later some people will understand the pain in the upper abdomen and under the xiphoid process as stomach pain, and neem is understood as a common medicine for stomach diseases. Neem is gastric toxic, and long-term use can damage the gastric mucosa, aggravate inflammation and ulcers. It has long been found that neem can aggravate symptoms of stomach pain and nausea. Because traditional Chinese medicine is a compound formula, sometimes it is not easy to distinguish what kind of medicine causes it, so it is not paid attention to.
(3) Hepatitis is even more of a misunderstanding
Wei Yuhuang, a famous doctor in the Qing Dynasty, has always decocted his famous prescription, which is composed of five or six flavors of yin-nourishing medicine, and one or two qi-regulating medicines that are not fragrant and dry and hurt yin, which is the case for most of the medical cases in "Liuzhou Medical Case". Wei Yuhuang himself did not give the prescription a name, but later generations believed that his medical prescription was consistent, so he named it Consistent Decoction. Wei Yuhuang's nourishing stomach yin and liver yin is a great contribution to traditional Chinese medicine.
In the Liuzhou Medical Case, the qi regulating drugs that are not fragrant and dry and hurt yin, in addition to neem seeds, there are also Yanhusuo, white peony, citrus aurantium and so on. There are many other qi regulating drugs that are not too fragrant and dry, such as tulip, bergamot, green peel, tangerine peel, citrus aurantium, August peel, big belly skin, etc., which can be selected and used.
Neem is hepatotoxic and has liver damage. At present, the clinical ** yin deficiency type chronic gastric disease and chronic liver disease have always been decoction and neem seeds are commonly used prescriptions. Especially for patients with severe dampness and heat in chronic hepatitis, neem seeds are too stool, and patients will feel that abdominal distension and liver pain have been reduced, which can take a temporary effect.
Because it is a compound **, in many enzyme-lowering drugs, the addition of neem seeds, for patients with hepatitis is not serious, it only delays the decline of aminotransferases and affects the course of treatment; If used for a long time, it can also aggravate liver damage and affect the decline of aminotransferases and bilirubin. Especially for those patients with stubborn chronic hepatitis B, severe hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, neem will aggravate liver damage and should never be used at will.
Fatty liver is now a very common disease, and the disease also has elevated aminotransferases. If you use neem to pass the stool, you will also feel that the symptoms will be reduced, but if you use it for a long time, it will affect the decline of transaminases.
Chronic stomach disease and chronic liver disease are misconceptions.
(4) On distorting the original meaning of the ancients
There is a habit in the Chinese medicine community that the records in ancient books are correct, and the theories and experiences of the ancients cannot be doubted. However, the ancients also had arguments and different opinions, which promoted the development of Chinese medicine. Some compilers in later generations had a partial understanding of the ancient works, some misinformed them, and some had not even read the original works of the ancient times.
The understanding of neem is correct, "Taiping Huimin and Pharmacy Formula" and "Compendium of Materia Medica". It was later generations who misinterpreted Jin Lingzisan**'s original intention of "hot convulsions and heartache, and suddenly stopped" and Li Shizhen's use of Sichuan neem to "kill three insects", and also misinterpreted Wei Yuhuang's original intention of not harming the liver and yin.
The toxicity of neem has long been recorded in ancient times, "vomiting and killing people, do not take it by mistake." However, the toxicity of neem has not yet attracted the attention of the Chinese medicine community.
[Adverse reactions].
(1) Traditional literature
Compendium of Materia Medica: Neem seeds have a small poison. The bark of neem root is slightly toxic.
Daming Materia Medica": "The male root is red and poisonous, vomiting and killing, and should not be taken by mistake." ”
(2) Toxicological tests
1.Toxicity Azadirachtin is irritating to the stomach, a large amount (20mg kg gavage) can make the gastric mucosa edema, inflammation, ulcer, a larger dose (8 10mg kg) can make the dog vomit. Vomiting usually occurs 3-6 hours after taking the drug.
Inside. There have been reports of children accidentally eating neem seeds, poisoning and death, poisoning symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspnea, etc
Palpitation. The cause of death was acute circulatory collapse.
Azadirachtin is toxic to the liver, and dogs taking azadirachtin can cause AST and ALT to rise.
2.Pathological examination Dogs taking 10mg kg of neem for 5 times a day can cause hepatocyte swelling and degeneration, liver.
Sinus stenosis, but generally without extensive necrosis, resolves with discontinuation of the drug.
(3) Clinical observation
Neem and neem root bark are poisonous. Neem seed and neem root bark have adverse reactions when decoction in water in regular doses, such as stomach pain, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Long-term use or high doses can cause liver damage, such as increased ALT and AST. Therefore, neem seeds should not be taken for a long time or in large doses.
Excerpted from "Pharmacology and Clinical Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine".