During labor, episiotomy (also known as episiotomy) is a critical medical procedure designed to widen the birth canal and reduce the pressure on the mother's body as the fetus passes through, thereby reducing the risk of perineal tears. At the heart of this operation lies in the direction and type of incision. Traditionally, there are two types of episiotomy: orthogonal and lateral. While the two approaches have the same purpose, which is to protect the mother from severe tears, they differ significantly in terms of specific procedures, healing processes, and potential risks.
Orthogonal, i.e., cutting directly down along the midline, although relatively simple to operate, may approach important muscles and structures, thus affecting the healing process and postpartum recovery. Lateral incision, on the other hand, is made along the perineal side, which avoids important structures in the midline but may lead to greater tissue damage in some cases.
An episiotomy is a common medical procedure during labor to widen the opening to reduce the risk of perineal tears in women and to facilitate a smooth labor. There are two main methods: orthogonal (midline incision) and lateral incision (incision that deviates from the midline). Each approach has its specific indications, advantages, and potential risks. Understanding their differences is essential for making informed clinical decisions.
Tangential advantages and risks.
Orthogonal incision is an incision performed along the midline of the perineum. A major advantage of this method is that it can directly enlarge the opening, helping to reduce labor time. However, orthogonal also has its risks, including possible deep tears, which may extend to the sphincter, increasing the postpartum recovery time and risk of complications. Therefore, assessing the needs of each case is the key to deciding whether to adopt tangent.
In contrast to orthogonomy, lateral incision is an incision performed on the lateral side of the perineum. Its main advantage is that it reduces the risk of deep tears that reach the sphincter and may be more beneficial in protecting the maternal sphincter. However, lateral incision also has its drawbacks, such as the possibility of causing greater pain and bleeding, as well as discomfort during the healing process. Therefore, when choosing a lateral incision, it is also necessary to carefully consider individual differences and specific circumstances.
In choosing between orthogonal and lateral resection, it is important to consider the specific circumstances of the woman, the position and size of the fetus, and the progression of labor. While both techniques have their advantages, the best choice depends on the individual's specific circumstances. Doctors should base their decisions on the woman's overall health, past labor history, and current labor status. In addition, it is very important to communicate adequately with the mother and to consider her preferences and concerns.